Study Set: N5 All Vocabulary

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N5 All Vocabulary

All words that ykud expect go find in thr JLPT N5 tes.

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1370 entries — Created by #48171 — Last modified: 2023-07-06 02:43:10

⑤ あのう • say, well, errr ...

⑤ ええ • ① yes, that is correct, right ② um, errr ③ huh? ④ grrr, gah, Must I? ⑤ good

⑤ お金【おかね】 • money

⑤ お父さん【おとうさん】 • father

⑤ お母さん【おかあさん】 • mother

⑤ から • ① from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity), since ② from (originator) ③ because ④ out of (constituent, part) ⑤ through (e.g. window, vestibule) ⑥ after, since (following te-form verb)

⑤ こんな • such (about something/someone close to the speaker (including the speaker), or about ideas expressed by the speaker), like this

⑤ さあ • come, come now

⑤ さん • ① Mr, Mrs, Miss or Ms ② honorific used with occupational titles

⑤ じゃあ • ① then, well, so, well then ② combination of 'de' and 'wa' particles ③ plain copula

⑤ じゃ • ① then, well, so, well then ② combination of 'de' and 'wa' particles ③ plain copula

⑤ そう • ① so, really, seeming ② (after masu stem and adj-stem) appearing that, seeming that, looking like, having the appearance of

⑤ では • then, well, so, well then

⑤ でも • ① but, however, still, yet, although, even though ② even, even if ③ or something

⑤ どうも • ① thanks ② much (thanks), very (sorry), quite (regret) ③ quite, really ④ somehow ⑤ no matter how hard one may try ⑥ greetings, hello, goodbye

⑤ はい • ① yes ② OK (used to get attention prior to an utterance), okay ③ giddy-up, giddap

⑤ もう • ① already, anymore ② soon, shortly ③ more, further, other, again ④ interjection used to strengthen expression of an emotion (often exasperation)

⑤ もしもし • ① hello (e.g. on phone) ② excuse me! (when calling out to someone)

⑤ もっと • (some) more, even more, longer, further

⑤ ゆっくり • slowly, at ease, restful

⑤ アパート • ① apartment building, apartment block, apartment house ② apartment

⑤ カップ • cup

⑤ カメラ • camera

⑤ カレー • curry

⑤ カレンダー • ① calendar ② calender (machine for flattening things)

⑤ キロ • kilo-, kilogram, kilogramme, kilometre, kilometer, 10^3

⑤ ギター • guitar

⑤ クラス • class

⑤ グラム • gram, gramme

⑤ コート • ① coat ② court (i.e. tennis, basketball, etc.)

⑤ コップ • glass (i.e. drinking vessel), tumbler

⑤ シャツ • shirt, singlet

⑤ シャワー • shower

⑤ スカート • skirt

⑤ ストーブ • heater (from stove)

⑤ スプーン • spoon

⑤ スポーツ • sport, sports

⑤ スリッパ • slipper, slippers

⑤ ズボン • trousers

⑤ セーター • sweater, jumper

⑤ ゼロ • zero

⑤ タクシー • taxi

⑤ テーブル • table

⑤ テープ • tape

⑤ テスト • test

⑤ テレビ • television, TV

⑤ デパート • department store

⑤ トイレ • toilet, restroom, bathroom, lavatory

⑤ ドア • door (Western-style)

⑤ ナイフ • knife

⑤ ニュース • news

⑤ ネクタイ • tie, necktie

⑤ ノート • ① notebook, copy-book, exercise book ② note ③ notebook PC

⑤ ハンカチ • handkerchief

⑤ バス • ① bus ② bath ③ bass

⑤ バター • butter

⑤ パーティー • party

⑤ パン • ① bread, pastries (e.g. croissants), pastry-based products ② pan, frying pan ③ panning (in a film)

⑤ フィルム • film

⑤ フォーク • ① fork ② folk, folk song ③ hawk

⑤ プール • ① (swimming) pool ② pool (billiards) ③ pool (together)

⑤ ベッド • bed

⑤ ペン • pen

⑤ ホテル • hotel

⑤ ボールペン • ball-point pen

⑤ ポケット • pocket

⑤ マッチ • ① match (contest, lighting fires. etc.) ② to match with, to go well with

⑤ メートル • metre, meter, meter (i.e., a gauge), gauge

⑤ ラジオ • radio

⑤ レコード • ① record (e.g. LP) ② record (e.g. athletics)

⑤ レストラン • restaurant (esp. Western-style)

⑤ 安い【やすい】 • ① cheap, inexpensive ② calm, peaceful, quiet

⑤ くらい • ① approximately, about, around, or so ② to (about) the extent that, (almost) enough that, so ... that ..., at least ③ as ... as ..., like

⑤ 一【いち】 • ① one ② best in, the most (...) in (where an adjective follows)

⑤ 一つ【ひとつ】 • ① one ② for one thing (often used in itemized lists) ③ (after a noun) only ④ (with a verb in negative form) (not) even ⑤ just (i.e. "just try it")

⑤ 飲む【のむ】 • ① to drink, to gulp, to swallow ② to smoke (tobacco) ③ to engulf, to overwhelm ④ to keep down, to suppress ⑤ to accept (e.g. demand, condition) ⑥ to make light of, to conceal

⑤ 右【みぎ】 • ① right, right hand side ② afore-mentioned (esp. in vertical Japanese writing), foregoing, forgoing, above

⑤ 雨【あめ】 • rain

⑤ 駅【えき】 • station

⑤ 円【えん】 • ① Yen, money ② circle

⑤ 下【した】 • ① below, down, under ② bottom ③ beneath, underneath ④ just after, right after ⑤ inferiority, one's inferior (i.e. one's junior), younger (e.g. of siblings) ⑥ trade-in ⑦ preliminary, preparatory

⑤ 下さい【ください】 • ① please give me ② (after te-form of a verb or a noun prefixed with o- or go-) please do for me

⑤ 下手【へた】 • ① unskillful, poor, awkward ② imprudent, untactful

⑤ どうぞ • ① please, kindly ② by all means

⑤ 花【はな】 • ① flower, blossom, bloom, petal ② blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms), cherry blossom ③ ikebana ④ Japanese playing cards ⑤ beauty ⑥ (the) best

⑤ 会社【かいしゃ】 • ① company, corporation ② workplace

⑤ 外【そと】 • ① outside, exterior ② open air ③ other place

⑤ 外国【がいこく】 • foreign country

⑤ 外国人【がいこくじん】 • foreigner

⑤ 学校【がっこう】 • school

⑤ 学生【がくせい】 • student (esp. a university student)

⑤ 休み【やすみ】 • ① rest, recess, respite ② vacation, holiday, absence, suspension ③ dormancy (of a silkworm prior to moulting)

⑤ 休む【やすむ】 • ① to be absent, to take a day off ② to rest, to have a break ③ to go to bed, to (lie down to) sleep, to turn in, to retire ④ to stop doing some ongoing activity for a time, to suspend business

⑤ 金【かね】 • ① money ② metal

⑤ 九つ【ここのつ】 • nine

⑤ 九日【ここのか】 • ① the ninth day of the month ② nine days

⑤ 空【そら】 • sky, the heavens

⑤ 見せる【みせる】 • to show, to display

⑤ 見る【みる】 • ① to see, to look, to watch, to view, to observe ② to look over, to look on, to assess, to examine, to judge ③ to look after, to keep an eye on, to take care of ④ to view (e.g. flowers, movie) ⑤ (usu. after the -te form of a verb) to try

⑤ 古い【ふるい】 • old (not person), aged, ancient, antiquated, stale, threadbare, outmoded, obsolete article

⑤ 五【ご】 • five

⑤ 五つ【いつつ】 • five

⑤ 五日【いつか】 • ① the fifth day of the month ② five days

⑤ 午後【ごご】 • afternoon, p.m.

⑤ 午前【ごぜん】 • morning, a.m.

⑤ 後【あと】 • ① behind, rear ② after, later ③ after one's death ④ remainder, the rest ⑤ descendant, successor, heir ⑥ more (i.e. five more minutes)

⑤ 後ろ【うしろ】 • back, behind, rear

⑤ 語【ご】 • ① language ② word

⑤ 口【くち】 • ① mouth ② opening, hole, gap, orifice ③ mouth (of a bottle), spout, nozzle, mouthpiece ④ gate, door, entrance, exit ⑤ speaking, speech, talk (i.e. gossip) ⑥ taste, palate ⑦ mouth (to feed) ⑧ opening (i.e. vacancy), available position ⑨ invitation, summons ⑩ kind, sort, type ⑪ opening (i.e. beginning) ⑫ counter for mouthfuls, shares (of money), and swords

⑤ 高い【たかい】 • ① high, tall ② expensive

⑤ 今【いま】 • now, the present time, just now, soon, immediately, (one) more

⑤ 今月【こんげつ】 • this month

⑤ 今週【こんしゅう】 • this week

⑤ 左【ひだり】 • left, left hand side

⑤ 三日【みっか】 • ① the third day of the month ② three days

⑤ 山【やま】 • ① mountain ② pile, heap ③ climax, critical point ④ speculated area covered by an examination

⑤ 四つ【よっつ】 • four

⑤ 四日【よっか】 • ① fourth day of month ② four days

⑤ 時【とき】 • ① time, hour ② occasion, moment

⑤ 時間【じかん】 • ① time ② hours

⑤ 耳【みみ】 • ① ear ② hearing ③ edge, crust ④ selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics), selvage

⑤ 七【しち】 • seven

⑤ 七【なな】 • seven

⑤ 七つ【ななつ】 • seven

⑤ 車【くるま】 • ① car, automobile, vehicle ② wheel

⑤ 手【て】 • ① hand, arm ② handle ③ hand, worker, help ④ trouble, care, effort ⑤ means, way, trick, move, technique, workmanship ⑥ hand, handwriting ⑦ kind, type, sort ⑧ one's hands, one's possession ⑨ ability to cope ⑩ hand (of cards) ⑪ direction

⑤ 週間【しゅうかん】 • week, weekly

⑤ 十日【とおか】 • ① the tenth day of the month ② ten days

⑤ 出す【だす】 • ① to take out, to get out ② to put out, to reveal, to show ③ to submit (e.g. thesis), to turn in ④ to publish, to make public ⑤ to send (e.g. letter) ⑥ to produce (a sound), to start (fire) ⑦ to serve (food) ⑧ to begin

⑤ 出る【でる】 • ① to go out, to exit, to leave ② to appear, to come forth, to be published ③ to answer (the phone or door)

⑤ 出口【でぐち】 • exit, gateway, way out, outlet, leak, vent

⑤ 出来る【できる】 • ① to be able (in a position) to do, to be up to the task ② to be ready, to be completed ③ to be made, to be built ④ to be good at, to be permitted (to do) ⑤ to become intimate, to take up (with somebody) ⑥ to grow, to be raised

⑤ 書く【かく】 • to write

⑤ 女【おんな】 • woman

⑤ 女の子【おんなのこ】 • girl

⑤ 小さい【ちいさい】 • small, little, tiny

⑤ 少し【すこし】 • ① small quantity, little, few, something ② little while ③ short distance

⑤ 上【うえ】 • ① above, up, over ② top, summit ③ surface, on ④ before, previous ⑤ superiority, one's superior (i.e. one's elder) ⑥ on top of that, besides, what's more ⑦ upon (further inspection, etc.), based on (and occurring after) ⑧ matters concerning..., as concerns ... ⑨ since (i.e. "for that reason") ⑩ suffix indicating higher social standing

⑤ 上げる【あげる】 • ① to raise, to elevate ② to do up (one's hair) ③ to fly (a kite, etc.), to launch (fireworks, etc.), to surface (a submarine, etc.) ④ to land (a boat) ⑤ to show someone (into a room) ⑥ (uk) to summon (for geishas, etc.) ⑦ to send someone (away) ⑧ to enrol (one's child in school) (enroll) ⑨ to increase (price, quality, status, etc.) ⑩ to make (a loud sound), to raise (one's voice) ⑪ to earn (something desirable) ⑫ to praise ⑬ to give (an example, etc.), to cite ⑭ to summon up (all of one's energy, etc.) ⑮ to arrest ⑯ to nominate ⑰ to give ⑱ to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.) ⑲ to bear (a child) ⑳ to conduct (a ceremony, esp. a wedding) ○ (of the tide) to come in ○ to vomit ○ (after the -te form of a verb) to do for (the sake of someone else) ○ (after the -masu stem of a verb) to complete ○ used after the -masu stem of a humble verb to increase the level of humility

⑤ 上手【じょうず】 • ① skill, skillful, dexterity ② flattery

⑤ 食べる【たべる】 • to eat

⑤ 新聞【しんぶん】 • newspaper

⑤ 人【じん】 • ① -ian (e.g. Italian, etc.) (attaches to name of country to denote nationality), -er (e.g. performer, etc.) (attaches to name of occupation) ② (usu. in compound words) man, person, people

⑤ 水【みず】 • water (cold, fresh)

⑤ 生まれる【うまれる】 • to be born

⑤ 西【にし】 • west

⑤ 先【さき】 • ① previous, prior, former, some time ago, preceding ② point (e.g. pencil), tip, end, nozzle ③ head (of a line), front ④ ahead, the other side ⑤ the future, hereafter ⑥ destination ⑦ the other party

⑤ 先月【せんげつ】 • last month

⑤ 先週【せんしゅう】 • last week, the week before

⑤ 先生【せんせい】 • ① teacher, master, doctor ② with names of teachers, etc. as an honorific

⑤ 千【せん】 • 1,000, thousand

⑤ 川【がわ】 • ① river, stream ② the .... river, (suffix used with the names of rivers)

⑤ 前【まえ】 • ① ago, before (some event), previously, (minutes) to (the hour) ② in front (of), before (e.g. the house) ③ head (of a line), front (e.g. of a bus), fore part ④ in the presence of ⑤ helping, portion ⑥ privates, private parts

⑤ 足【あし】 • ① foot ② leg ③ gait ④ pace

⑤ 大学【だいがく】 • ① post-secondary education institution, incl. university, college, etc. ② the Great Learning - one of the Four Books

⑤ 大人【おとな】 • adult

⑤ 男【おとこ】 • man

⑤ 男の子【おとこのこ】 • boy, male child, baby boy

⑤ 中【なか】 • ① inside, in ② among, within ③ center (centre), middle ④ during, while

⑤ 長い【ながい】 • ① long (distance) ② long (time), lengthy

⑤ 天気【てんき】 • ① weather, the elements ② fair weather, fine weather

⑤ 電気【でんき】 • ① electricity ② (electric) light

⑤ 電車【でんしゃ】 • (electric) train

⑤ 電話【でんわ】 • telephone

⑤ 東【ひがし】 • east

⑤ 道【みち】 • ① road, street, way, path, course, route, lane ② distance, ways (e.g. "a long ways") ③ the way (of proper conduct, etc.), one's way, morals ④ teachings (esp. Confucian or Buddhist), dogma ⑤ field (of medicine, etc.), subject ⑥ way, method, means

⑤ 読む【よむ】 • to read

⑤ 南【みなみ】 • south

⑤ 二【に】 • two

⑤ 二つ【ふたつ】 • two

⑤ 二日【ふつか】 • ① second day of the month ② two days

⑤ 入る【はいる】 • ① to enter ② to break into ③ to join, to enroll ④ to contain, to hold, to accommodate ⑤ to have (an income of)

⑤ 入れる【いれる】 • ① to put in, to let in, to take in, to bring in, to insert, to set (a jewel, etc.) ② to admit, to accept, to employ, to hire ③ to accept, to comply, to grant, to adopt (a policy, etc.), to take (advice, etc.), to listen to, to pay attention to ④ to include ⑤ to pay (one's rent, etc.) ⑥ to cast (a vote) ⑦ to make (tea, coffee, etc.) ⑧ to turn on (a switch, etc.) ⑨ to send (a fax), to call

⑤ 年【とし】 • ① year ② age

⑤ 買う【かう】 • ① to buy ② to value, to have a high opinion ③ to stir, to provoke

⑤ 白【しろ】 • ① white ② good guy, 'white hat'

⑤ 白い【しろい】 • white

⑤ 八日【ようか】 • ① the eighth day of the month ② eight days

⑤ 半【はん】 • half, semi-

⑤ 半分【はんぶん】 • half

⑤ 百【ひゃく】 • 100, hundred

⑤ 父【ちち】 • father

⑤ 分【ふん】 • minute

⑤ 母【はは】 • mother

⑤ 北【きた】 • north

⑤ 本【ほん】 • ① book, volume ② main, head, this, our, present, real ③ counter for long cylindrical things

⑤ 毎週【まいしゅう】 • every week

⑤ 毎日【まいにち】 • every day

⑤ 名前【なまえ】 • ① name, full name ② given name, first name

⑤ 木【き】 • tree, wood, timber

⑤ 来る【くる】 • ① to come (spatially or temporally), to approach, to arrive ② to come back, to do ... and come back ③ to come to be, to become, to get, to grow, to continue ④ to come from, to be caused by, to derive from ⑤ to come to (i.e. "when it comes to spinach ...")

⑤ 来月【らいげつ】 • next month

⑤ 来週【らいしゅう】 • next week

⑤ 来年【らいねん】 • next year

⑤ 六日【むいか】 • ① sixth day of the month ② six days

⑤ 話す【はなす】 • to speak

⑤ 一人【ひとり】 • one person

⑤ 一日【いちにち】 • ① one day ② first day of the month

⑤ 何【なに】 • ① what ② how many (some counter)

⑤ 何【なん】 • ① what ② how many (some counter)

⑤ 魚【さかな】 • fish

⑤ 九【きゅう】 • nine

⑤ 九【く】 • nine

⑤ 行く【いく】 • ① to go ② to proceed, to take place ③ to die, to pass away ④ to continue

⑤ 今日【きょう】 • today, this day

⑤ 今年【ことし】 • this year

⑤ 三【さん】 • three

⑤ 四【よん】 • four

⑤ 七日【なのか】 • ① the seventh day of the month ② seven days

⑤ 十【じゅう】 • 10, ten

⑤ 人【ひと】 • ① man, person ② human being, mankind, people ③ character, personality ④ man of talent, true man ⑤ other people ⑥ adult

⑤ 店【みせ】 • store, shop, establishment

⑤ 二人【ふたり】 • two persons, two people, pair, couple

⑤ 八【はち】 • eight

⑤ 毎月【まいげつ】 • every month, each month, monthly

⑤ 毎年【まいとし】 • every year, yearly, annually

⑤ 万【まん】 • ① 10,000, ten thousand ② myriads ③ everything, all

⑤ 六【ろく】 • six

⑤ 六つ【むっつ】 • six

⑤ 大きい【おおきい】 • big, large, great, loud

⑤ 聞く【きく】 • ① to hear ② to listen (e.g. to music) ③ to ask, to enquire, to query

⑤ 国【くに】 • ① country, (the) state ② region ③ home (i.e. hometown, home country)

⑤ 立つ【たつ】 • ① to stand, to rise, to stand up ② to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position) ③ to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)

⑤ 出かける【でかける】 • to depart, to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing), to set out, to start, to be going out

⑤ 時々【ときどき】 • sometimes, at times

⑤ 二十日【はつか】 • ① twentieth (day of the month) ② twenty days

⑤ 話【はなし】 • ① talk, speech, chat, story, conversation ② discussions, negotiation, argument

⑤ 目【め】 • ① eye, eyeball ② eyesight ③ look ④ experience ⑤ viewpoint ⑥ ordinal number suffix ⑦ somewhat, -ish

⑤ 分かる【わかる】 • ① to be understood, to be comprehended, to be grasped ② to become clear, to be known, to be discovered, to be realized, to be realised, to be found out

⑤ 母さん【かあさん】 • mother

⑤ 父さん【とうさん】 • father

⑤ です • polite copula in Japanese

⑤ ずつ • ① apiece, each ② at a time, piecemeal

⑤ 時【じ】 • ① hour, o'clock ② (specified) time, when ..., during ...

⑤ 日【にち】 • ① Sunday ② day (of the month) ③ counter for days

⑤ 年【ねん】 • ① year (e.g. AD) ② counter for years

⑤ 山【さん】 • Mt (suffix used with the names of mountains), Mount

⑤ いる • auxillary verb for continuing action or state

⑤ 人【にん】 • ① counter for people ② (usu. in compound words) person

⑤ 一日【ついたち】 • first day of the month

⑤ お兄さん【おにいさん】 • ① older brother, elder brother ② (vocative) young man, buddy, fella, laddie

⑤ お姉さん【おねえさん】 • ① elder sister ② (vocative) young lady ③ miss (referring to a waitress, etc.) ④ ma'am (used by geisha to refer to their superiors)

⑤ お手洗い【おてあらい】 • toilet, restroom, lavatory, bathroom

⑤ お茶【おちゃ】 • ① tea (usu. green) ② tea break (at work) ③ tea ceremony

⑤ 悪い【わるい】 • ① bad, poor, inferior ② evil, sinful ③ unprofitable, unbeneficial ④ at fault, to blame, in the wrong ⑤ sorry

⑤ 暗い【くらい】 • ① dark, gloomy ② dark (in colour), dull ③ depressed, dispirited ④ sorrowful, bitter (as in a dark past) ⑤ unclear, unfamiliar, unknown

⑤ 意味【いみ】 • meaning, significance

⑤ 医者【いしゃ】 • (medical) doctor, physician

⑤ 引く【ひく】 • ① to pull ② to draw (attention, etc.), to attract (interest, etc.) ③ to draw back ④ to draw (a card) ⑤ to draw (plan, line, etc.) ⑥ to catch (cold) ⑦ to play (string instr.) ⑧ to look up (e.g. dictionary), to consult ⑨ to haul, to pull (vehicles) ⑩ to subtract ⑪ to ebb, to fade ⑫ to descend (from), to inherit (a characteristic) ⑬ to quote, to raise (as evidence) ⑭ to lay (a cable), to draw (a cable)

⑤ 映画【えいが】 • movie, film

⑤ 映画館【えいがかん】 • movie theatre (theater), cinema

⑤ 英語【えいご】 • English (language)

⑤ 遠い【とおい】 • far, distant

⑤ 音楽【おんがく】 • music, musical movement

⑤ 夏【なつ】 • summer

⑤ 夏休み【なつやすみ】 • summer vacation, summer holiday

⑤ 家【いえ】 • ① house, residence, dwelling ② family, household ③ lineage, family name

⑤ 家族【かぞく】 • family, members of a family

⑤ 歌【うた】 • ① song ② classical Japanese poetry (esp. tanka) ③ modern poetry

⑤ 火曜日【かようび】 • Tuesday

⑤ 会う【あう】 • ① to meet, to encounter ② to have an accident, to have a bad experience

⑤ 回【かい】 • ① counter for occurrences ② counter for innings (baseball)

⑤ 海【うみ】 • sea, beach

⑤ 開ける【あける】 • ① to open (a door, etc.), to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package) ② to open (for business, etc.)

⑤ 楽しい【たのしい】 • enjoyable, fun

⑤ 寒い【さむい】 • ① cold (e.g. weather) ② dull, uninteresting, lame

⑤ 漢字【かんじ】 • Chinese characters, kanji

⑤ 帰る【かえる】 • ① to return, to come home, to go home, to go back ② (of a guest, customer, etc.) to leave ③ (of a baseball player rounding the bases) to get home

⑤ 起きる【おきる】 • ① to get up, to rise ② to wake up ③ to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents), to happen, to take place

⑤ 牛肉【ぎゅうにく】 • beef

⑤ 去年【きょねん】 • last year

⑤ 強い【つよい】 • ① strong, powerful, mighty, potent ② resistant, resilient, durable

⑤ 教える【おしえる】 • to teach, to inform, to instruct

⑤ 教室【きょうしつ】 • classroom

⑤ 近い【ちかい】 • near, close, short (distance)

⑤ 近く【ちかく】 • ① near, neighbourhood, neighborhood, vicinity ② nearly (i.e. "it took nearly one year"), close to ③ shortly, soon

⑤ 金曜日【きんようび】 • Friday

⑤ 銀行【ぎんこう】 • bank

⑤ 兄【あに】 • older brother

⑤ 兄さん【にいさん】 • ① older brother, elder brother ② brother (as older-brother figure in friendly and or work relationship) ③ (vocative) young man, buddy, fella, laddie

⑤ 兄弟【きょうだい】 • siblings, brothers and sisters

⑤ 軽い【かるい】 • ① light (i.e. not heavy), feeling light (i.e. offering little resistance, moving easily) ② light (i.e. of foot), nimble, agile ③ non-serious, minor, unimportant, trivial ④ slight, small, gentle, soft ⑤ easy, simple ⑥ indiscriminate

⑤ 月【つき】 • ① moon ② month

⑤ 月曜日【げつようび】 • Monday

⑤ 建物【たてもの】 • building

⑤ 犬【いぬ】 • ① dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris) ② snoop (i.e. a detective, a spy, etc.) ③ counterfeit, inferior, useless, wasteful

⑤ 元気【げんき】 • health(y), robust, vigor, vigour, energy, vitality, vim, stamina, spirit, courage, pep

⑤ ご飯【ごはん】 • ① cooked rice ② meal

⑤ 好き【すき】 • liking, fondness, love

⑤ 広い【ひろい】 • spacious, vast, wide

⑤ 黒【くろ】 • ① black ② dark ③ bad guy, 'black hat'

⑤ 黒い【くろい】 • ① black ② dark ③ illicit, wicked, underground

⑤ 有る【ある】 • ① to be (usu. of inanimate objects), to exist, to live ② to have ③ to be located ④ to be equipped with ⑤ to happen, to come about

⑤ 作文【さくぶん】 • ① writing (an essay, prose, etc.), composition ② formal writing with little real meaning

⑤ 仕事【しごと】 • ① work, job, business, occupation, employment, vocation, task ② work

⑤ 使う【つかう】 • ① to use (a thing, method, etc.), to make use of, to put to use ② to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.), to employ, to handle, to manage, to manipulate ③ to use (time, money, etc.), to spend, to consume ④ to use (language), to speak ⑤ to take (one's lunch), to circulate (bad money)

⑤ 始まる【はじまる】 • to begin

⑤ 姉【あね】 • older sister, elder sister

⑤ 姉さん【ねえさん】 • ① elder sister ② (vocative) young lady ③ miss (referring to a waitress, etc.) ④ ma'am (used by geisha to refer to their superiors)

⑤ 止まる【とまる】 • ① to stop, to halt ② to remain, to abide, to stay (in the one place) ③ to come to a halt ④ to be limited to

⑤ 死ぬ【しぬ】 • to die

⑤ 私【わたし】 • ① I, me ② private affairs, personal matter, secrecy ③ selfishness

⑤ 紙【かみ】 • paper

⑤ 持つ【もつ】 • ① to hold, to carry ② to possess

⑤ 時計【とけい】 • watch, clock, timepiece

⑤ 自転車【じてんしゃ】 • bicycle

⑤ 自動車【じどうしゃ】 • automobile

⑤ 自分【じぶん】 • ① myself, yourself, oneself, himself, herself ② I, me

⑤ 質問【しつもん】 • question, inquiry, enquiry

⑤ 写真【しゃしん】 • ① photograph, photo ② movie

⑤ 借りる【かりる】 • ① to borrow, to have a loan ② to rent, to hire

⑤ 弱い【よわい】 • weak, frail, delicate, tender, unskilled, weak (wine)

⑤ 手紙【てがみ】 • letter

⑤ 秋【あき】 • autumn, fall

⑤ 習う【ならう】 • to learn

⑤ 住む【すむ】 • to live (of humans), to reside, to inhabit, to dwell, to abide

⑤ 春【はる】 • ① spring, springtime ② new year ③ prime (of one's life, etc.) ④ adolescence, puberty ⑤ sexuality

⑤ 始め【はじめ】 • beginning, start, origin

⑤ 所【ところ】 • ① place, spot, scene, site ② address ③ district, area, locality ④ one's house ⑤ point ⑥ part ⑦ space, room ⑧ whereupon, as a result ⑨ (after present form of a verb) about to, on the verge of

⑤ 暑い【あつい】 • hot (weather, etc.), warm

⑤ 少ない【すくない】 • few, a little, scarce, insufficient, seldom

⑤ 乗る【のる】 • ① to get on, to ride in, to board, to mount, to get up on ② to spread (paints), to be taken in ③ to share in, to join, to feel like doing, to be mentioned in, to be in harmony with ④ to appear (in print), to be recorded, to be found in (a dictionary)

⑤ 色【いろ】 • ① colour, color ② complexion ③ appearance, look ④ love, lust, sensuality, love affair, lover ⑤ kind, type, variety

⑤ 食べ物【たべもの】 • food

⑤ 食堂【しょくどう】 • ① dining room, dining hall, cafeteria, messroom ② restaurant, eatery, snack bar, diner

⑤ 新しい【あたらしい】 • new

⑤ 図書館【としょかん】 • library

⑤ 水曜日【すいようび】 • Wednesday

⑤ 声【こえ】 • voice

⑤ 青【あお】 • ① blue ② green ③ green light ④ black (horse coat color) ⑤ immature, unripe, young

⑤ 青い【あおい】 • ① blue, green ② pale ③ unripe, inexperienced

⑤ 赤い【あかい】 • ① red ② Red (i.e. communist)

⑤ 切る【きる】 • ① to cut (usu. to cut through) ② to sever (connections, ties) ③ to turn off (i.e. the light) ④ to terminate (i.e. a conversation), to hang up (the phone), to disconnect ⑤ to punch (a ticket), to tear off (a stub) ⑥ to open (something sealed) ⑦ to start ⑧ to set (a limit) ⑨ to reduce, to decrease, to discount ⑩ to shake off (water, etc.), to let drip-dry (or drain) ⑪ to cross ⑫ to do (something noticeable) ⑬ to turn (a vehicle) ⑭ to cut (the ball) ⑮ to shuffle (cards) ⑯ to trump ⑰ (in Go) to isolate (an opponent's stone) ⑱ (after the -masu stem of a verb) to finish, to complete

⑤ 切手【きって】 • stamp (postage), merchandise certificate

⑤ 洗う【あらう】 • ① to wash ② to investigate

⑤ 走る【はしる】 • ① to run ② to travel (movement of vehicles) ③ to hurry to ④ to retreat (from battle), to take flight ⑤ to run away from home ⑥ to elope ⑦ to tend heavily toward

⑤ 早い【はやい】 • ① fast, quick, hasty, brisk ② early (in the day, etc.), premature ③ (too) soon, not yet, (too) early ④ easy, simple, quick

⑤ 多い【おおい】 • many, numerous

⑤ 多分【たぶん】 • ① perhaps, probably ② generous, many, much, great

⑤ 太い【ふとい】 • ① fat, thick ② deep (of a voice) ③ daring, shameless, brazen

⑤ 体【からだ】 • ① body ② health

⑤ 待つ【まつ】 • ① to wait ② to await, to look forward to, to anticipate ③ (usu. in negative form) to depend on, to need

⑤ 貸す【かす】 • ① to lend, to loan ② to rent out, to hire out

⑤ 台所【だいどころ】 • kitchen

⑤ 大きな【おおきな】 • big, large, great

⑤ 大好き【だいすき】 • loveable, very likeable, like very much

⑤ 大使館【たいしかん】 • embassy

⑤ 大切【たいせつ】 • important, valuable, worthy of care

⑤ 短い【みじかい】 • short

⑤ 知る【しる】 • to know, to understand, to be acquainted with, to feel

⑤ 地図【ちず】 • map

⑤ 池【いけ】 • pond

⑤ 茶色【ちゃいろ】 • light brown, tawny

⑤ 着く【つく】 • ① to arrive at, to reach ② to sit on, to sit at (e.g. the table)

⑤ 着る【きる】 • ① to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down), to put on ② to bear (guilt, etc.)

⑤ 昼【ひる】 • ① noon, midday ② daytime ③ lunch

⑤ 朝【あさ】 • morning

⑤ 鳥【とり】 • ① bird ② bird meat (esp. chicken meat), fowl, poultry

⑤ 低い【ひくい】 • low (height, tone, rank, degree, cost, etc.), short

⑤ 度【ど】 • ① degree (angle, temperature, scale, etc.) ② counter for occurrences and times ③ strength (of alcohol)

⑤ 土曜日【どようび】 • Saturday

⑤ 冬【ふゆ】 • winter

⑤ 答える【こたえる】 • to answer, to reply

⑤ 働く【はたらく】 • ① to work, to labor, to labour ② to function, to operate, to be effective, to work (i.e. ... works), to come into play ③ to commit (e.g. a crime), to perpetrate, to do, to act, to practise, to practice ④ to be conjugated

⑤ 動物【どうぶつ】 • animal

⑤ 同じ【おなじ】 • ① same, identical, equal, uniform, equivalent, similar, common (origin), changeless, alike ② (usu. part of a 'nara' conditional) anyway, anyhow, in either case

⑤ 肉【にく】 • ① flesh ② meat ③ the physical body (as opposed to the spirit) ④ thickness ⑤ ink pad

⑤ 日曜日【にちようび】 • Sunday

⑤ 売る【うる】 • to sell

⑤ 八百屋【やおや】 • greengrocer

⑤ 病院【びょういん】 • hospital

⑤ 病気【びょうき】 • illness, disease, sickness

⑤ 風【かぜ】 • wind, breeze

⑤ 服【ふく】 • ① clothes (esp. Western clothes) ② counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.

⑤ 物【もの】 • ① thing, object ② the natural thing, a frequently done thing ③ used to express emotional involvement ④ used in giving a reason

⑤ 勉強【べんきょう】 • ① study ② diligence ③ discount, reduction

⑤ 歩く【あるく】 • to walk

⑤ 方【ほう】 • side, direction, way

⑤ 妹【いもうと】 • younger sister

⑤ 毎朝【まいあさ】 • every morning

⑤ 明るい【あかるい】 • ① bright, colourful ② cheerful ③ familiar (with), knowledgeable (about) ④ fair (e.g. politics), clean

⑤ 木曜日【もくようび】 • Thursday

⑤ 問題【もんだい】 • problem, question

⑤ 夜【よる】 • evening, night

⑤ 野菜【やさい】 • vegetable

⑤ 薬【くすり】 • ① medicine, pharmaceuticals, (legal) drugs ② efficacious chemical (i.e. gunpowder, pesticide, etc.) ③ (pottery) glaze ④ small bribe

⑤ 有名【ゆうめい】 • ① famous ② fame

⑤ 夕方【ゆうがた】 • evening

⑤ 洋服【ようふく】 • Western-style clothes (cf traditional Japanese clothes)

⑤ 旅行【りょこう】 • travel, trip

⑤ 料理【りょうり】 • ① cooking, cookery, cuisine ② dealing with something, handling, administration, management

⑤ 今朝【けさ】 • this morning

⑤ 四【し】 • four

⑤ 上着【うわぎ】 • coat, tunic, jacket, outer garment

⑤ 頭【あたま】 • ① head ② mind, brain, intellect ③ top ④ hair (on one's head) ⑤ bangs, fringe ⑥ top structural component of a kanji

⑤ 入り口【いりぐち】 • entrance, entry, gate, approach, mouth

⑤ 明日【あした】 • tomorrow

⑤ 門【もん】 • ① gate ② branch of learning based on the teachings of a single master ③ (biological) division ④ counter for cannons

⑤ 開く【あく】 • ① to open (e.g. doors) ② to open (e.g. business, etc.)

⑤ 色々【いろいろ】 • various

⑤ 歌う【うたう】 • ① to sing ② to sing (one's praises in a poem, etc.)

⑤ 終わる【おわる】 • to finish, to end, to close

⑤ 買い物【かいもの】 • shopping, purchased goods

⑤ 作る【つくる】 • ① to make, to produce, to manufacture, to build, to construct ② to prepare (food), to brew (alcohol) ③ to raise, to grow, to cultivate, to train ④ to till ⑤ to draw up (a document), to make out, to prepare, to write ⑥ to create (an artistic work, etc.), to compose ⑦ to coin (a phrase), to organize, to organise, to establish, to found ⑧ to have (a child) ⑨ to make up (one's face, etc.) ⑩ to fabricate (an excuse, etc.) ⑪ to form (a line, etc.) ⑫ to set (a record) ⑬ to commit (a sin, etc.)

⑤ 飲み物【のみもの】 • drink, beverage

⑤ 町【まち】 • ① town, block, neighbourhood, neighborhood ② street, road ③ 109.09 m ④ 0.99 hectares

⑤ 赤【あか】 • ① red, crimson, scarlet ② red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange) ③ red light ④ red ink (i.e. in finance or proof-reading), (in) the red ⑤ complete, total, perfect, obvious

⑤ 屋【や】 • ① (something) shop ② somebody who sells (something) or works as (something) ③ somebody with a (certain) personality trait ④ house ⑤ roof

⑤ 小さな【ちいさな】 • small, little, tiny

⑤ 一番【いちばん】 • ① best, first, number one ② game, round, bout, fall, event (in a meet)

⑤ 泳ぐ【およぐ】 • to swim

⑤ 横【よこ】 • ① horizontal (as opposed to vertical), lying down ② side-to-side (as opposed to front-to-back), width, breadth ③ side (of a box, etc.) ④ beside, aside, next to ⑤ unconnected

⑤ 黄色い【きいろい】 • yellow

⑤ 家庭【かてい】 • home, family, household

⑤ ヶ月【かげつ】 • (number of) months

⑤ 荷物【にもつ】 • ① luggage, baggage ② burden ③ payload (of a packet, cell, etc.)

⑤ 絵【え】 • picture, drawing, painting, sketch

⑤ 階【かい】 • ① stories, storeys ② counter for storeys and floors of a building

⑤ 角【かど】 • ① corner (e.g. desk, pavement) ② edge

⑤ 橋【はし】 • bridge

⑤ 曲がる【まがる】 • ① to bend, to curve, to warp, to wind, to twist ② to turn ③ to be awry, to be askew, to be crooked

⑤ 勤める【つとめる】 • ① to work (for), to be employed (at), to serve (in) ② to serve (as), to act (as), to fill (the position of), to play the role (of) ③ to conduct a religious service

⑤ 鶏肉【けいにく】 • chicken meat

⑤ 言葉【ことば】 • ① language, dialect ② word, words, phrase, term, expression, remark ③ speech, (manner of) speaking

⑤ 戸【と】 • door (esp. Japanese-style)

⑤ 交番【こうばん】 • ① police box ② alternation, alternating (e.g. current)

⑤ 公園【こうえん】 • (public) park

⑤ 向こう【むこう】 • ① opposite side, other side, opposite direction ② over there, that way, far away, beyond ③ the other party, the other person ④ future (starting now)

⑤ 細い【ほそい】 • thin, slender, fine

⑤ 皿【さら】 • ① plate, dish, platter, disc ② serving, helping, course ③ kanji radical 108 (at the bottom)

⑤ お皿【おさら】 • plate, dish

⑤ 歯【は】 • tooth

⑤ 次【つぎ】 • ① next, following, subsequent ② stage, station

⑤ 取る【とる】 • ① to take, to pick up, to harvest, to earn, to choose ② to steal ③ to eat, to have (a meal) ④ to remove (one's glasses, etc.)

⑤ 酒【さけ】 • alcohol, sake

⑤ お酒【おさけ】 • alcohol, sake

⑤ 宿題【しゅくだい】 • homework

⑤ 消える【きえる】 • to go out, to vanish, to disappear

⑤ 消す【けす】 • ① to erase, to delete, to cross out ② to turn off power ③ to extinguish, to put out

⑤ 晴れ【はれ】 • ① clear weather ② public, formal ③ cleared of suspicion

⑤ 晴れる【はれる】 • ① to clear up, to clear away, to be sunny, to stop raining ② to refresh (e.g. spirits) ③ to be cleared (e.g. of a suspicion) ④ to be dispelled, to be banished

⑤ 雪【ゆき】 • snow

⑤ 全部【ぜんぶ】 • all, entire, whole, altogether

⑤ 大勢【おおぜい】 • many, crowd, great number of people

⑤ 地下鉄【ちかてつ】 • underground train, subway

⑤ 飛ぶ【とぶ】 • to fly, to soar

⑤ 庭【にわ】 • garden

⑤ 豚肉【ぶたにく】 • pork

⑤ 番号【ばんごう】 • number, series of digits

⑤ 美味しい【おいしい】 • ① delicious, tasty ② nice (move in sport, trick, etc., nuance of being easy or a bit lucky), sweet

⑤ 鼻【はな】 • nose

⑤ 部屋【へや】 • ① room ② sumo stable

⑤ 文章【ぶんしょう】 • ① sentence, article, composition ② (writing) style

⑤ 辺【へん】 • ① area, vicinity ② side (of triangle, rectangle, etc.) ③ circumstances

⑤ 返す【かえす】 • ① to return (something), to restore, to put back ② to pay back, to retaliate, to reciprocate

⑤ 方【かた】 • ① direction, way ② person, lady, gentleman ③ method of, manner of, way of ④ care of .. ⑤ person in charge of .. ⑥ side (e.g. "on my mother's side")

⑤ 本当【ほんとう】 • truth, reality

⑤ 万年筆【まんねんひつ】 • fountain pen

⑤ 無くす【なくす】 • ① to lose something ② to get rid of ③ to lose someone (wife, child, etc.)

⑤ 鳴く【なく】 • ① to sing (bird) ② to bark, to purr, to make sound (animal)

⑤ 面白い【おもしろい】 • interesting, amusing

⑤ 遊ぶ【あそぶ】 • ① to play, to enjoy oneself, to have a good time ② to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.) ③ to be idle, to do nothing, to be unused ④ to go to (for pleasure or for study) ⑤ (in baseball) to intentionally throw a ball to lower the batter's concentration

⑤ 葉書【はがき】 • ① postcard ② memo, note, card

⑤ 留学生【りゅうがくせい】 • overseas student, exchange student

⑤ 緑【みどり】 • ① green ② greenery (esp. fresh verdure)

⑤ 練習【れんしゅう】 • practice, practise

⑤ 一昨日【おととい】 • day before yesterday

⑤ 一昨年【いっさくねん】 • year before last

⑤ 一昨年【おととし】 • year before last

⑤ 黄色【きいろ】 • yellow, amber

⑤ 昨日【きのう】 • yesterday

⑤ 真っ直ぐ【まっすぐ】 • ① straight (ahead), direct, upright, erect ② straightforward, honest, frank

⑤ 側【がわ】 • ① side (of something, or taking someone's side), part ② (watch) case

⑤ 弟【おとうと】 • younger brother

⑤ 箱【はこ】 • ① box ② car (of a train, etc.) ③ shamisen case, shamisen

⑤ 両親【りょうしん】 • parents, both parents

⑤ 丸い【まるい】 • ① round, circular, spherical ② harmonious, calm

⑤ 番【ばん】 • ① number (in a series) ② (one's) turn ③ watch, guard, lookout ④ bout, match (sumo)

⑤ お菓子【おかし】 • confections, sweets, candy

⑤ お祖母さん【おばあさん】 • ① grandmother ② female senior-citizen

⑤ お腹【おなか】 • stomach

⑤ 違う【ちがう】 • ① to differ (from), to vary ② to not be in the usual condition ③ to not match the correct (answer, etc.) ④ to be different from promised

⑤ 一緒【いっしょ】 • ① together ② at the same time ③ same, identical

⑤ 汚い【きたない】 • dirty, unclean, filthy

⑤ 奥さん【おくさん】 • wife, your wife, his wife, married lady, madam

⑤ 押す【おす】 • ① to push, to press ② to apply pressure from above, to press down ③ to stamp (i.e. a passport), to apply a seal

⑤ 果物【くだもの】 • fruit

⑤ 灰皿【はいざら】 • ashtray

⑤ 皆【みな】 • ① all, everyone, everybody ② everything

⑤ 皆【みんな】 • ① all, everyone, everybody ② everything

⑤ 皆さん【みなさん】 • all, everyone, everybody

⑤ 階段【かいだん】 • stairs, stairway, staircase

⑤ ほか • other (esp. places and things), the rest

⑤ 覚える【おぼえる】 • ① to remember, to recollect, to memorize, to memorise ② to feel

⑤ 甘い【あまい】 • ① sweet, delicious ② fragrant (smelling), sweet (music) ③ lightly salted ④ naive, overly optimistic, soft on, generous, indulgent, easy-going ⑤ half-hearted, not finished properly ⑥ tempting (e.g. words), promising

⑤ 危ない【あぶない】 • ① dangerous, risky, hazardous, perilous, precarious ② in danger, in jeopardy, critical, grave, at risk ③ uncertain, unreliable, insecure, unsteady, doubtful ④ close (i.e. a close call), narrow ⑤ look out!, watch out!

⑤ 机【つくえ】 • desk

⑤ 喫茶店【きっさてん】 • coffee lounge, coffee shop, (rather formal) cafe

⑤ 吸う【すう】 • ① to smoke, to breathe in, to inhale ② to suck, to sip, to slurp ③ to absorb, to soak up ④ to kiss

⑤ 牛乳【ぎゅうにゅう】 • (cow's) milk

⑤ 狭い【せまい】 • narrow, confined, small

⑤ 靴【くつ】 • shoes, footwear

⑤ 靴下【くつした】 • socks, sock, stockings, stocking

⑤ 警官【けいかん】 • policeman

⑤ 結構【けっこう】 • ① splendid, nice, wonderful, delicious, sweet ② sufficient, fine (in the sense of "I'm fine"), (by implication) no thank you ③ well enough, OK, tolerable ④ reasonably, fairly, tolerably

⑤ 結婚【けっこん】 • marriage

⑤ 個【こ】 • ① counter for articles ② counter for military units ③ individual

⑤ 呼ぶ【よぶ】 • ① to call out (to), to call, to invoke ② to summon (a doctor, etc.) ③ to invite ④ to designate, to name, to brand ⑤ to garner (support, etc.), to gather

⑤ 厚い【あつい】 • ① thick, deep, heavy ② kind, cordial, hospitable, warm, faithful ③ serious (of an illness) ④ abundant

⑤ 紅茶【こうちゃ】 • black tea

⑤ 降る【ふる】 • to precipitate, to fall (e.g. rain)

⑤ 今晩【こんばん】 • tonight, this evening

⑤ 困る【こまる】 • to be troubled, to be worried, to be bothered, to be embarrassed, to be stumped

⑤ 座る【すわる】 • ① to sit, to squat ② to assume (a position) ③ to hold steady, to hold still

⑤ 再来年【さらいねん】 • year after next

⑤ 歳【さい】 • ① -years-old ② ability, gift, talent, aptitude, genius

⑤ 財布【さいふ】 • purse, handbag, wallet

⑤ 咲く【さく】 • to bloom

⑤ 冊【さつ】 • counter for books

⑤ 雑誌【ざっし】 • journal, magazine, periodical

⑤ 子供【こども】 • child, children

⑤ 辞書【じしょ】 • dictionary, lexicon

⑤ 若い【わかい】 • young

⑤ 授業【じゅぎょう】 • lesson, class work

⑤ 初めて【はじめて】 • ① for the first time ② only after ... is it ..., only when ... do you ...

⑤ 寝る【ねる】 • ① to lie down ② to go to bed, to lie in bed ③ to sleep (lying down) ④ to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse) ⑤ to lie idle

⑤ 辛い【からい】 • ① spicy, hot ② salty ③ tough (on someone), adverse, harsh

⑤ 辛い【つらい】 • painful, bitter, heart-breaking

⑤ 吹く【ふく】 • ① to blow (wind, etc.), to play a wind instrument ② to emit, to spout ③ to whistle

⑤ 生徒【せいと】 • pupil

⑤ 静か【しずか】 • quiet, peaceful

⑤ 切符【きっぷ】 • ticket

⑤ 洗濯【せんたく】 • washing, laundry

⑤ 掃除【そうじ】 • cleaning, sweeping

⑤ 窓【まど】 • window

⑤ 大変【たいへん】 • ① very, greatly ② immense, enormous, great ③ serious, grave, dreadful, terrible ④ difficult, hard

⑤ 置く【おく】 • ① to put, to place ② to leave (behind) ③ to do something in advance (usu. following te-form verb)

⑤ 遅い【おそい】 • ① slow ② late (e.g. "late at night") ③ too late

⑤ 痛い【いたい】 • ① painful, sore ② exceeding

⑤ 閉まる【しまる】 • to be shut, to close, to be closed

⑤ 渡す【わたす】 • ① to ferry across (a river, etc.), to carry across, to traverse ② to lay across, to build across ③ to hand over, to hand in, to pass, to give, to transfer

⑤ 渡る【わたる】 • ① to cross over, to go across ② to extend, to cover, to range, to span

⑤ 難しい【むずかしい】 • difficult

⑤ 猫【ねこ】 • ① cat ② shamisen ③ geisha ④ wheelbarrow ⑤ clay bed-warmer

⑤ 熱い【あつい】 • hot (thing)

⑤ 背広【せびろ】 • business suit

⑤ 薄い【うすい】 • ① thin ② pale, light ③ watery, dilute, sparse ④ weak (taste, etc.) ⑤ slim (probability, etc.), small

⑤ 晩【ばん】 • ① evening ② counter for nights

⑤ 彼【かれ】 • ① he, him ② boyfriend

⑤ 疲れる【つかれる】 • ① to get tired, to tire ② to be worn out (e.g. of well used objects)

⑤ 飛行機【ひこうき】 • aeroplane, airplane, aircraft

⑤ 封筒【ふうとう】 • envelope

⑤ 並ぶ【ならぶ】 • ① to line up, to stand in a line ② to rival, to match, to equal

⑤ 並べる【ならべる】 • ① to line up, to set up ② to enumerate, to itemize

⑤ 閉める【しめる】 • to close, to shut

⑤ 便利【べんり】 • convenient, handy, useful

⑤ 帽子【ぼうし】 • hat, cap

⑤ 忘れる【わすれる】 • to forget, to leave carelessly, to be forgetful of, to forget about, to forget (an article)

⑤ 忙しい【いそがしい】 • busy, hectic, occupied, engaged

⑤ 磨く【みがく】 • ① to polish, to shine, to brush (e.g. teeth) ② to refine, to improve

⑤ 枚【まい】 • counter for flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper)

⑤ 毎晩【まいばん】 • every night

⑤ 友達【ともだち】 • friend, companion

⑤ 郵便局【ゆうびんきょく】 • post office

⑤ 要る【いる】 • to need

⑤ 欲しい【ほしい】 • ① wanted, wished for, in need of, desired ② (after the -te form of a verb) I want (you) to

⑤ 浴びる【あびる】 • to bathe, to bask in the sun, to shower

⑤ 頼む【たのむ】 • ① to request, to beg, to ask ② to call, to order, to reserve ③ to entrust to ④ to rely on

⑤ 卵【たまご】 • ① eggs, egg, spawn, roe ② hen egg ③ (an expert) in the making

⑤ 涼しい【すずしい】 • cool (of weather), refreshing

⑤ 冷たい【つめたい】 • ① cold (to the touch), chilly, icy, freezing ② coldhearted, unfeeling

⑤ 冷蔵庫【れいぞうこ】 • refrigerator

⑤ 塩【しお】 • salt

⑤ 可愛い【かわいい】 • ① cute, adorable, charming, lovely, pretty ② dear, precious, darling, pet ③ cute little, tiny

⑤ 居る【いる】 • ① to be (of animate objects), to exist ② to stay ③ (after the -te form of a verb) verb indicating continuing action or state (i.e. to be ..ing, to have been ..ing)

⑤ ころ • ① (approximate) time, around, about, toward ② suitable time (or condition) ③ time of year, season

⑤ ごろ • ① (approximate) time, around, about, toward ② suitable time (or condition) ③ time of year, season

⑤ いいえ • ① no, nay ② well, er, why

⑤ 匹【ひき】 • ① counter for small animals ② counter for rolls of cloth (two han in size) ③ roll of cloth

⑤ 余り【あまり】 • ① remainder, rest, balance, remains, scraps, residue, remnant ② not very (with negative sentence), not much ③ surplus, excess, fullness, too much ④ overjoyed, overwhelmed ⑤ more than, over

⑤ 暖かい【あたたかい】 • warm, mild, genial

⑤ 降りる【おりる】 • ① to alight (e.g. from bus), to get off, to disembark, to dismount ② to quit, to withdraw, to pull back (from a position, a job) ③ to form (of frost, dew, mist, etc.)

⑤ 曇り【くもり】 • cloudiness, cloudy weather, shadow

⑤ 交差点【こうさてん】 • crossing, intersection

⑤ 段々【だんだん】 • gradually, by degrees

⑤ 二十歳【はたち】 • 20 years old

⑤ 晩ご飯【ばんごはん】 • dinner, evening meal

⑤ 良い【いい】 • ① good, excellent, fine, nice, pleasant, agreeable ② sufficient (can be used to turn down an offer), ready, prepared ③ profitable (e.g. deal, business offer, etc.), beneficial ④ OK

⑤ 良く【よく】 • ① nicely, properly, well, skillfully ② frequently, often

⑤ 達【たち】 • pluralizing suffix (esp. for people & animals; formerly honorific)

⑤ 椅子【いす】 • ① chair ② post, office, position

⑤ 鉛筆【えんぴつ】 • pencil

⑤ 何方【どなた】 • who?

⑤ 花瓶【かびん】 • (flower) vase

⑤ 掛かる【かかる】 • ① to take ② to hang ③ to come into view, to arrive ④ to come under (a contract, a tax) ⑤ to start (engines, motors) ⑥ to attend, to deal with, to handle ⑦ to have started to, to be on the verge of ⑧ to overlap (e.g. information in a manual), to cover ⑨ to (come) at ⑩ to be fastened ⑪ to be covered (e.g. with dust, a table-cloth, etc.) ⑫ to be caught in ⑬ to get a call ⑭ to depend on

⑤ 鞄【かばん】 • bag, satchel, briefcase, basket

⑤ 貴方【あなた】 • ① you (referring to someone of equal or lower status) ② dear (what a wife calls a husband)

⑤ 嫌い【きらい】 • ① dislike, hate ② suspicion, tendency, smack (of)

⑤ 鍵【かぎ】 • ① key ② lock

⑤ 玄関【げんかん】 • entranceway, entry hall, vestibule, foyer

⑤ 砂糖【さとう】 • sugar

⑤ 撮る【とる】 • to take (a photo), to make (a film)

⑤ 傘【かさ】 • umbrella, parasol

⑤ 大丈夫【だいじょうぶ】 • safe, all right, OK, okay

⑤ 脱ぐ【ぬぐ】 • to take off (clothes, shoes, etc.), to undress

⑤ 誰【だれ】 • who

⑤ 誕生日【たんじょうび】 • birthday

⑤ 弾く【ひく】 • to play (piano, guitar)

⑤ 丁度【ちょうど】 • just, right, exactly

⑤ 貼る【はる】 • to stick, to paste, to affix

⑤ 締める【しめる】 • ① to tie, to fasten ② to total, to sum ③ to be strict with ④ to economize (economise), to cut down on

⑤ 賑やか【にぎやか】 • bustling, busy

⑤ 箸【はし】 • chopsticks

⑤ 風呂【ふろ】 • ① bath, bathtub ② bathroom, bathhouse ③ room for drying lacquerware ④ base (wooden joint connecting the blade of a hoe, spade, etc., to the handle)

⑤ ひらがな • hiragana, one of the Japanese syllabaries

⑤ 弁当【べんとう】 • bento (Japanese box lunch)

⑤ お弁当【おべんとう】 • bento (Japanese box lunch)

⑤ 本棚【ほんだな】 • bookshelves, bookshelf, bookcase

⑤ 立派【りっぱ】 • splendid, fine, handsome, elegant, imposing, prominent, legal, legitimate

⑤ 隣【となり】 • neighbor (neighbour), next to (esp. living next door to)

⑤ なぜ • why, how

⑤ 暇【ひま】 • ① spare time, free time, leisure ② time off, day off, vacation, holiday, leave ③ quitting (one's job), firing someone, divorcing (one's spouse) ④ (of one's time) free, (of one's business) slow ⑤ leaving, departing

⑤ 眼鏡【めがね】 • ① spectacles, glasses ② judgement, discrimination, discernment, insight

⑤ 丈夫【じょうぶ】 • healthy, robust, strong, solid, durable

⑤ 風邪【かぜ】 • cold (illness), common cold

⑤ 明後日【あさって】 • day after tomorrow

⑤ 嫌【いや】 • disagreeable, detestable, unpleasant, reluctant

⑤ 煙草【たばこ】 • tobacco, cigarettes

⑤ 良い【よい】 • ① good, excellent, fine, nice, pleasant, agreeable ② sufficient (can be used to turn down an offer), ready, prepared ③ profitable (e.g. deal, business offer, etc.), beneficial ④ OK

⑤ 伯父【おじ】 • uncle (older than one's parent)

⑤ 伯母【おば】 • aunt (older than one's parent)

⑤ あそこ • ① there (place physically distant from both speaker and listener), over there, that place, yonder ② that far (something psychologically distant from both speaker and listener), that much, that point

⑤ あの • that (someone or something distant from both speaker and listener, or situation unfamiliar to both speaker and listener)

⑤ あれ • ① that (indicating something distant from both speaker and listener (in space, time or psychologically), or something understood without naming it directly) ② that person (used to refer to one's equals or inferiors) ③ hey (expression of surprise or suspicion), eh? ④ that (something mentioned before which is distant psychologically or in terms of time)

⑤ こちら • ① this way (direction close to the speaker or towards the speaker), this direction ② here (place close to the speaker or where the speaker is) ③ this one (something physically close to the speaker) ④ I, me ⑤ this person (someone physically close to the speaker and of equal or higher status)

⑤ こっち • ① this way (direction close to the speaker or towards the speaker), this direction ② here (place close to the speaker or where the speaker is) ③ this one (something physically close to the speaker) ④ I, me ⑤ this person (someone physically close to the speaker and of equal or higher status)

⑤ そちら • ① that way (direction distant from the speaker, close to the listener) ② there (place distant from the speaker, close to the listener) ③ that one (something close to the listener) ④ you, your family ⑤ that person (someone close to the listener)

⑤ そっち • ① that way (direction distant from the speaker, close to the listener) ② there (place distant from the speaker, close to the listener) ③ that one (something close to the listener) ④ you, your family ⑤ that person (someone close to the listener)

⑤ その • ① that (something or someone distant from the speaker, close to the listener; actions of the listener, or ideas expressed or understood by the listener), the ② um..., er..., uh...

⑤ それ • ① that (indicating an item or person near the listener, the action of the listener, or something on their mind), it ② that time, then

⑤ それから • and then, after that

⑤ だけ • only, just, as

⑤ つまらない • ① dull, uninteresting, boring ② insignificant, trifling

⑤ とても • ① very, awfully, exceedingly ② (before a negative form) (not) at all, by no means, simply (cannot)

⑤ どう • how, in what way, how about

⑤ どっち • ① which way, which direction, where ② which one (esp. of two alternatives) ③ who

⑤ どれ • ① which (of three or more) ② whichever, any ③ well, now, let me see

⑤ やる • ① to do ② to have sexual intercourse ③ to kill ④ to give (to inferiors, animals, etc.) ⑤ to do for (inferiors) ⑥ to send (e.g. somebody somewhere), to dispatch (e.g. letter) (despatch) ⑦ to move (something to), to row (a boat) ⑧ (used in place of other verb) to have (eat, drink, smoke), to study, to run or operate (a restaurant)

⑤ する • ① to do ② to cause to become, to make (into), to turn (into) ③ to serve as, to act as, to work as ④ to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.) ⑤ to judge as being, to view as being, to think of as, to treat as, to use as ⑥ to decide on, to choose ⑦ to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) ⑧ to be (in a state, condition, etc.) ⑨ to be worth, to cost ⑩ to pass (of time), to elapse ⑪ verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs") ⑫ creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go") ⑬ to be just about to, to be just starting to, to try to, to attempt to

⑤ ちょっと • ① just a minute, short time, just a little ② somewhat, easily, readily, rather ③ (before a verb in negative form) (will not) easily ④ hey!

⑤ いつ • when, how soon

⑤ いつも • ① always, usually, every time ② never (with neg. verb)

⑤ どちら • ① which way, which direction, where ② which one (esp. of two alternatives) ③ who

⑤ いくつ • ① how many? ② how old?

⑤ ここ • ① here (place physically close to the speaker, place pointed by the speaker while explaining), this place ② these last (followed by a duration noun and a past sentence: time period before the present time of the speaker) ③ these next ... (followed by a duration noun and a non past sentence: time period after the present time of the speaker), the next ...

⑤ ある • ① to be (usu. of inanimate objects), to exist, to live ② to have ③ to be located ④ to be equipped with ⑤ to happen, to come about

⑤ こと • thing, matter, fact, circumstances, business, reason, experience

⑤ なる • ① to become, to get, to grow, to be, to reach, to attain ② to result in, to prove to be ③ to consist of, to be composed of ④ to succeed, to be complete ⑤ to change into, to be exchanged for ⑥ to play a role ⑦ to be promoted (shogi)

⑤ 石鹸【せっけん】 • soap

⑤ それでは • ① well then ... ② in that situation, in which case

⑤ すぐに • instantly, immediately

⑤ どうして • why?, for what reason, how, in what way, for what purpose, what for

⑤ うるさい • ① noisy, loud ② fussy ③ annoying, troublesome, tiresome, importunate ④ bossy

⑤ あちら • ① that way (direction distant from both speaker and listener), over there, yonder ② that one (something physically distant from both speaker and listener, or something not visible but known by both speaker and listener), that ③ that person (someone physically distant from both speaker and listener, or someone not present but known by both speaker and listener) ④ there (place distant from both speaker and listener), over there, foreign country (esp. a Western nation)

⑤ あっち • ① that way (direction distant from both speaker and listener), over there, yonder ② that one (something physically distant from both speaker and listener, or something not visible but known by both speaker and listener), that ③ that person (someone physically distant from both speaker and listener, or someone not present but known by both speaker and listener) ④ there (place distant from both speaker and listener), over there, foreign country (esp. a Western nation)

⑤ まずい • ① unappetising, unappetizing, unpleasant (taste, appearance, situation) ② unskillful, unskilful, bungling, clumsy ③ ugly, homely, plain, unattractive ④ awkward, untimely, inopportune, unfavorable, unwise

⑤ しかし • however, but

⑤ また • again, and, also, still (doing something)

⑤ まだ • ① as yet, hitherto, still ② not yet (with negative verb)

⑤ どこ • ① where, what place ② how much (long, far), what extent

⑤ など • ① et cetera, etc., and the like, and so forth ② (indicating an approximate quote or vague suggestion) or something ③ (lessening the significance or value of the previous word) the likes of

⑤ いかが • how, in what way, how about

⑤ この • this (something or someone close to the speaker (including the speaker), or ideas expressed by the speaker)

⑤ きれい • ① pretty, lovely, beautiful, fair ② clean, clear, pure, tidy, neat ③ completely, entirely

⑤ 醤油【しょうゆ】 • soy sauce, shoyu

⑤ よう • ① (usu. after the -masu stem of a verb) appearing ..., looking ... ② (usu. after the -masu stem of a verb) way to ..., method of ...ing ③ (usu. after a noun) form, style, design ④ (usu. after a noun) like, similar to ⑤ thing (thought or spoken)

⑤ つける • to turn on, to switch on, to light up

⑤ どの • which, what (way)

⑤ もう一度【もういちど】 • once more, again

⑤ お風呂【おふろ】 • bath

⑤ そこ • ① there (place relatively near listener) ② there (place just mentioned), that place ③ then (of some incident just spoken of), that (of point just raised)

⑤ これ • ① this (indicating an item near the speaker, the action of the speaker, or the current topic) ② this person (usu. indicating someone in one's in-group) ③ now

④ かな • ① I wonder (sentence ending prt) ② should I? (question prt when thinking out loud), is it? ③ I wish that (with a negative), I hope that

④ コーヒー • coffee

④ っけ • particle indicating that the speaker is trying to recall some information

④ ページ • page

④ 家【うち】 • ① house, home (one's own) ② (one's) family, (one's) household

④ 火【ひ】 • fire, flame, blaze

④ 会【かい】 • ① meeting, assembly, party ② association, club

④ 開く【ひらく】 • ① to open (e.g. a bank-account, festival, etc.) ② to spread out, to open up (flower bud, umbrella, etc.), to widen (gap, distance, width) ③ to hold, to give (party, conference, etc.)

④ 間【あいだ】 • ① space (between), gap, interval, distance ② time (between), pause, break ③ span (temporal or spatial), stretch, period (while) ④ relationship (between, among) ⑤ members (within, among)

④ 気【き】 • ① spirit, mind, heart ② nature, disposition ③ motivation, intention ④ mood, feelings ⑤ atmosphere, essence

④ 子【こ】 • ① child ② young (animal) ③ young woman, young geisha ④ offshoot ⑤ interest ⑥ new shares ⑦ (after a noun or -masu stem) -er (often of young women)

④ 私【わたくし】 • ① I, me ② private affairs, personal matter, secrecy ③ selfishness

④ 字【じ】 • ① character (i.e. kanji) ② hand-writing, penmanship ③ the ... word (i.e. "the L word" = "love")

④ 親【おや】 • ① parent, parents ② dealer (in cards) ③ founder ④ (pet) owner

④ 村【むら】 • village

④ 答え【こたえ】 • response, reply, answer, solution

④ 日【ひ】 • ① day, days ② sun, sunshine, sunlight ③ case (esp. unfortunate), event

④ 味【あじ】 • ① flavor, flavour, taste ② charm, style ③ experience ④ smart, clever, witty, strange

④ 用【よう】 • ① task, business ② use, duty, service ③ call of nature, excretion

④ 一度【いちど】 • ① once, one time, on one occasion ② temporarily, for a moment ③ one degree, one tone, one musical interval

④ 音【おと】 • ① sound, noise, report ② note (music) ③ fame

④ 行く【ゆく】 • ① to go ② to proceed, to take place ③ to die, to pass away ④ to continue

④ 明日【あす】 • tomorrow

④ 夕飯【ゆうはん】 • evening meal

④ 石【いし】 • ① stone ② gem, jewel

④ 草【くさ】 • grass

④ 点【てん】 • ① spot, mark ② point, dot ③ mark (e.g. in exam), score, points ④ counter for goods or items

④ 毛【け】 • hair, fur

④ 葉【は】 • leaf

④ 掛ける【かける】 • ① to hang (e.g. picture), to hoist (e.g. sail), to raise (e.g. flag) ② to sit ③ to be partway (verb), to begin (but not complete) ④ to take (time, money), to expend (money, time, etc.) ⑤ to make (a call) ⑥ to multiply ⑦ to secure (e.g. lock) ⑧ to put on (glasses, etc.) ⑨ to cover ⑩ to burden someone ⑪ to apply (insurance) ⑫ to turn on (an engine, etc.), to set (a dial, an alarm clock, etc.) ⑬ to put an effect (spell, anaesthetic, etc.) on ⑭ to hold an emotion for (pity, hope, etc.) ⑮ to bind ⑯ to pour (or sprinkle, spray, etc.) onto ⑰ to argue (in court), to deliberate (in a meeting), to present (e.g. idea to a conference, etc.) ⑱ to increase further ⑲ to catch (in a trap, etc.) ⑳ to set atop ○ to erect (a makeshift building) ○ to hold (a play, festival, etc.) ○ (after -masu stem of verb) indicates (verb) is being directed to (someone)

④ 砂【すな】 • sand, grit

④ 祖母【そぼ】 • grandmother

④ 曇る【くもる】 • to become cloudy, to become dim

④ 熱【ねつ】 • fever, temperature

④ 夫【おっと】 • husband

④ 変【へん】 • ① strange, odd, peculiar, weird, curious, queer, eccentric, funny, suspicious, fishy ② unexpected ③ change ④ incident, disturbance, disaster, accident ⑤ flat (music)

④ 優しい【やさしい】 • tender, kind, gentle, graceful, affectionate, amiable, suave

④ 背【せ】 • ① back, spine ② reverse, rear side ③ height ④ ridge (of a mountain)

④ 鏡【かがみ】 • mirror

④ 棚【たな】 • ① shelf, shelves, ledge, rack ② trellis

④ こう • ① in this way (used for something or someone close to the speaker, including the speaker himself, or for the opinions of the speaker), thus, such ② uh... (interjection used as a verbal pause)

④ それで • and, thereupon, because of that

④ もし • if, in case, supposing

④ ぶつ • to hit (a person), to strike, to beat

④ ながら • ① while, during, as ② while, although, though, despite, in spite of, notwithstanding ③ all, both ④ as (i.e. "as always", "as long ago"), in (i.e. "in tears")

④ すり • pickpocket

④ そうして • and, like that

③ らしい • ① seeming ... (expresses judgment based on evidence, reason or trustworthy hearsay), appearing ... ② (after a noun, adverb or adjective stem) -ish, like a ..., typical of ..., appropriate for ..., becoming of ..., worthy of the name ...

③ 金【きん】 • ① gold, golden (color), metaphor for (most) valuable, gold (medal, cup) ② money (written before an amount) ③ Friday ④ metal (fourth of the five elements) ⑤ Jin (dynasty of China; 1115-1234 CE) ⑥ gold general (shogi) ⑦ karat, carat

③ 行【ぎょう】 • ① line (i.e. of text), row, verse ② carya (austerities) ③ samskara (formations) ④ running script (a semi-cursive style of kanji)

③ 週【しゅう】 • week

③ 上【じょう】 • ① from the standpoint of, as a matter of (e.g. fact), in the field of, being of the type of ② aboard (a ship or vehicle), on top of, on, above ③ first volume (e.g. book) ④ superior quality, best, top, high class ⑤ going up ⑥ governmental, imperial ⑦ presenting, showing

③ 生【なま】 • ① raw, uncooked, fresh ② natural, unedited, unprocessed, crude ③ live (i.e. not recorded) ④ inexperienced, unpolished, green ⑤ impudence, sauciness ⑥ unpasteurized beer, draft beer, draught beer ⑦ partially, somewhat, half-, semi-

③ 長【ちょう】 • chief, head

③ 土【つち】 • ① earth, soil, dirt ② the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens), the ground, the land ③ low-quality torinoko-gami (containing mud) ④ (period of) refraining from construction in the direction of the god of the earth (in On'youdou)

③ 毎【ごと】 • each respectively

③ 名【な】 • name, reputation

③ 友【とも】 • friend, companion, pal

③ 来【らい】 • ① next (year, etc.) ② since (last month, etc.)

③ 生まれ【うまれ】 • birth, birthplace

③ 中【ちゅう】 • ① medium, average, middle ② moderation ③ middle school ④ China ⑤ in, out of (e.g. three out of ten people) ⑥ during (a certain time when one did or is doing something), under (construction, etc.), while

③ 学【がく】 • learning, scholarship, erudition, knowledge

③ 社【しゃ】 • ① company, association, society ② regional Chinese god of the earth (or a village built in its honour) ③ counter for companies, shrines, etc.

③ 間【かん】 • ① interval, period of time ② among, between, inter-

③ 大【おお】 • big, large

③ 大【だい】 • ① the large part of ② big, large, great ③ approximate size, no larger than ④ -university ⑤ large (e.g. serving size), loud (e.g. volume setting)

③ 中【じゅう】 • ① through, throughout, in the course of ② all over or throughout (e.g. a place)

③ 生【せい】 • ① life, living ② I, me, myself

③ 月【がつ】 • month (of the year), used after number or question word (e.g. nan or nani)

③ 後【ご】 • after

③ 名【めい】 • ① counter for people (usu. seating, reservations and such) ② first name ③ famous, great

③ 楽【らく】 • comfort, ease

③ 牛【うし】 • ① cattle, cow, ox, oxen ② beef ③ Chinese "Ox" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)

③ 空【から】 • emptiness, vacuum, blank

③ 自動【じどう】 • ① automatic, self-motion ② intransitive verb

③ 室【しつ】 • ① room ② Chinese "Encampment" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)

③ 質【しつ】 • quality

③ 者【もの】 • person (rarely used w.o. a qualifier)

③ 図【ず】 • figure (e.g. Fig 1), drawing, picture, illustration

③ 台【だい】 • ① stand, rack, table ② support ③ belt ④ counter for machines, incl. vehicles ⑤ setting (e.g. in jewellery)

③ 大使【たいし】 • ambassador

③ 題【だい】 • ① title, subject, theme, topic ② problem (on a test), question ③ counter for questions (on a test)

③ 地【ち】 • ① earth, ground, land, soil ② place ③ territory ④ bottom (of a package, book, etc.) ⑤ earth (one of the five elements)

③ 地下【ちか】 • ① basement, cellar, underground place ② underground, below ground ③ secret, under cover

③ 度【たび】 • time (three times, each time, etc.), times

③ 病【やまい】 • illness, disease

③ 風【ふう】 • ① method, manner, way, style ② appearance, air ③ tendency ④ folk song (genre of the Shi Jing) ⑤ wind (one of the five elements)

③ 文【ぶん】 • sentence, text

③ 野【の】 • ① plain, field ② hidden (structural) member ③ wild ④ lacking a political post

③ 旅【たび】 • travel, trip, journey

③ 銀【ぎん】 • ① silver, silver coin, silver paint ② silver general (shogi)

③ 不【ふ】 • un-, non-, negative prefix

③ 者【しゃ】 • someone of that nature, someone doing that work

③ 元【もと】 • former, ex-

③ 火曜【かよう】 • Tuesday

③ 他【ほか】 • other (esp. places and things), the rest

③ 丸【まる】 • ① circle ② full (e.g. month, day, etc.) ③ perfection, purity ④ suffix for ship names

③ 勤め【つとめ】 • ① service, duty, business, responsibility, task ② Buddhist religious services

③ 金曜【きんよう】 • Friday

③ 月曜【げつよう】 • Monday

③ 号【ごう】 • ① number, edition, make, model, issue, part of that group ② sobriquet, pen-name

③ 昨【さく】 • last (year), yesterday

③ 宿【やど】 • inn, lodging

③ 章【しょう】 • ① chapter, section ② medal

③ 全【ぜん】 • all, whole, entire, complete, overall, pan-

③ 側【そば】 • near, close, beside, vicinity, proximity, besides, while

③ 鉄【てつ】 • iron

③ 土曜【どよう】 • Saturday

③ 頭【とう】 • counter for large animals (e.g. head of cattle)

③ 内【うち】 • ① inside, within ② while ③ among, amongst, between ④ we (referring to one's in-group, i.e. company, etc.), our ⑤ my spouse ⑥ I (primarily used by women and children), me

③ 日曜【にちよう】 • Sunday

③ 筆【ふで】 • writing brush

③ 部【ぶ】 • ① department (in an organization), division, bureau ② club ③ part, component, element ④ category ⑤ counter for copies of a newspaper or magazine

③ 木曜【もくよう】 • Thursday

③ 油【あぶら】 • oil

③ 昨夜【ゆうべ】 • ① evening ② last night

③ 昨夜【さくや】 • ① evening ② last night

③ 留学【りゅうがく】 • studying abroad (usu. at university level)

③ 毎月【まいつき】 • every month, each month, monthly

③ 毎年【まいねん】 • every year, yearly, annually

③ 明後日【みょうごにち】 • day after tomorrow

③ 面【めん】 • ① face ② mask, face guard ③ (in kendo) striking the head ④ surface (esp. a geometrical surface) ⑤ page ⑥ aspect, facet, side ⑦ chamfer ⑧ counter for broad, flat objects, levels or stages, e.g. in a video game

③ 例【れい】 • ① custom, practice, habit, usual ② said, aforementioned ③ instance, example, case, illustration, usage ④ precedent ⑤ annual

③ 他【た】 • other (esp. people and abstract matters)

③ 無【む】 • ① nothing, naught, nought, nil, zero ② un-, non-

③ 等【ら】 • ① pluralizing suffix (often humble, derogatory or familiar), and others, et alios, and the like, and followers ② or so (rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.) ③ (after the stem of an adjective) nominalizing suffix

③ 両【りょう】 • ① both (e.g. both shoulders, etc.) ② ryo (obsolete unit of currency) ③ 41-42 g (one sixteenth of a kin) ④ 2 tan (measure of fabric size) ⑤ counter for carriages (e.g. in a train)

③ 色【しょく】 • counter for colours

③ 内【ない】 • inside, within

③ 無【ぶ】 • ① un-, non- ② bad ..., poor ...

③ 愛【あい】 • love, affection

③ 煙【けむり】 • smoke, fumes

③ 奥【おく】 • interior, inner part, inside

③ 差【さ】 • difference, variation

③ 差す【さす】 • ① to raise (e.g. hands, umbrella), to stretch out ② to be tinged ③ to wear at one's side (e.g. sword) ④ to shine ⑤ to provoke a feeling

③ 散歩【さんぽ】 • walk, stroll

③ 背【せい】 • height, stature

③ 疲れ【つかれ】 • tiredness, fatigue

③ 瓶【びん】 • bottle

③ 付ける【つける】 • ① to attach, to join, to add, to append, to affix, to stick, to glue, to fasten, to sew on, to apply (ointment) ② to furnish (a house with) ③ to wear, to put on ④ to keep a diary, to make an entry ⑤ to appraise, to set (a price) ⑥ to bring alongside ⑦ to place (under guard or doctor) ⑧ to follow, to shadow ⑨ to load, to give (courage to) ⑩ to keep (an eye on) ⑪ to establish (relations or understanding) ⑫ to turn on (light)

③ 布【ぬの】 • ① cloth ② bujian (spade-shaped bronze coin of ancient China)

③ 腹【はら】 • ① abdomen, belly, stomach ② one's mind, one's real intentions, one's true motive ③ loop (physics) ④ counter for hard roe

③ 便【びん】 • ① flight (e.g. airline flight), trip (e.g. train trip), service ② mail, post, letter ③ opportunity, chance

③ 居る【おる】 • ① to be (animate), to be, to exist ② (after the -te form of a verb) verb indicating continuing action or state (i.e. to be ..ing) ③ (after -masu base of verb) indicates contempt or disdain for another's actions

③ 郵便【ゆうびん】 • mail, postal service

③ もしも • if

③ 寝【ね】 • sleep

③ 死【し】 • death, decease

③ 誕生【たんじょう】 • birth, creation, formation

③ 張る【はる】 • ① to stick, to paste, to affix ② to stretch, to spread, to strain, to tighten ③ to form (e.g. ice on a pond) ④ to fill, to swell ⑤ to stick out, to put, to slap ⑥ to be expensive

③ 履く【はく】 • ① to put on (or wear) lower-body clothing (i.e. pants, skirt, etc.), to put on (or wear) footwear ② to affix a sword to one's hip ③ to affix a bowstring to a bow

③ ぬるい • lukewarm, tepid

③ いつか • sometime, someday, one day, some time or other, the other day, in due course, in time

③ 私【あたし】 • I, me

③ かく • ① to scratch ② to perspire ③ to shovel, to paddle

③ 誰か【だれか】 • someone, somebody

③ すぐ • ① immediately, at once, directly ② soon, before long, shortly ③ easily, without difficulty ④ right (near), nearby, just (handy)

③ ふと • suddenly, casually, accidentally, incidentally, unexpectedly, unintentionally

③ いや • no, nay, well

③ ある • a certain ..., some ...

③ まれ • rare, seldom

③ かかる • to suffer from

③ せい • cause, reason, fault

② あら • oh, ah

② おや • oh!, oh?, my!

② 円【まる】 • ① Yen, money ② circle

② 上る【のぼる】 • ① to ascend, to go up, to climb ② to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the sun), to rise ③ to go to (the capital) ④ to be promoted ⑤ to add up to ⑥ to advance (in price) ⑦ to swim up (a river), to sail up ⑧ to come up (on the agenda)

② 前【ぜん】 • ① the last (i.e. immediately preceding) (e.g. "the last mayor"), previous, one-time, former ② (before the name of an era) pre- (e.g. "premodern") ③ before, earlier

② 二十【にじゅう】 • twenty

② 分【ぶ】 • ① one-tenth, one percent (one-tenth of a wari), 3 mm (one-tenth of a sun), 2.4 mm (one-tenth of a mon, a traditional unit used to measure shoe sizes), 0.375 grams (one-tenth of a monme), 0.1 degree (one-tenth of a do, used to measure body temperature on any temperature scale) ② one-quarter of a ryou (obsolete unit of currency) ③ thickness ④ advantageous circumstances

② 分【ぶん】 • ① part, segment, share, ration ② rate ③ degree, one's lot, one's status, relation, duty, kind, lot ④ in proportion to, just as much as

② 毎【まい】 • every (usu. with events, e.g. every weekend), each

② 今日【こんにち】 • today, this day

② がる • ① to feel (on adj-stem to represent a third party's apparent emotion) ② to behave as if one were

② 下【しも】 • ① lower reaches (of a river) ② bottom, lower part ③ lower half (of the body, esp. the privates), feces (faeces), urine, menses ④ end, far from the imperial palace (i.e. far from Kyoto, esp. of western Japan) ⑤ dirty (e.g. dirty jokes, etc.)

② 小【しょう】 • ① smallness, small item ② short month (i.e. having fewer than 31 days) ③ elementary school ④ younger or inferior (of two items or people with the same name)

② 高【こう】 • ① High (abbreviation of "High School" following a school's name) ② high-

② 家【け】 • house (e.g. of Tokugawa), family

② 古【ふる】 • ① used item, secondhand item ② old, used, previous

② とどまる • ① to stop, to halt ② to remain, to abide, to stay (in the one place) ③ to come to a halt ④ to be limited to

② 飯【めし】 • ① meals, food ② cooked rice ③ one's livelihood

② 歩【ほ】 • ① step, stride ② counter for steps

② 料【りょう】 • material, charge, rate, fee

② 町【ちょう】 • ① town, block, neighbourhood, neighborhood ② street, road ③ 109.09 m ④ 0.99 hectares

② 問【もん】 • counter for questions

② 館【かん】 • house, hall, building

② 空【くう】 • ① empty air, sky ② shunya (emptiness, the lack of an immutable intrinsic nature within any phemomenon) ③ air force ④ fruitlessness, meaninglessness ⑤ void (one of the five elements)

② 業【ぎょう】 • ① work, business ② study

② 園【えん】 • ① garden (esp. man-made), orchard, park, plantation ② place, location

② 角【かく】 • ① angle ② square (or cube) ③ bishop (shogi) ④ third degree (of the Japanese & Chinese pentatonic scale) ⑤ Chinese "horn" constellation (one of the 28 mansions) ⑥ jiao (monetary unit of China; one-tenth of a yuan)

② 局【きょく】 • ① channel (i.e. TV or radio), station, department ② affair, situation

② 曲【きょく】 • tune, piece of music

② 校【こう】 • ① school ② proof (of a book, document, etc.), counter for proofs

② 水曜【すいよう】 • Wednesday

② 飛行【ひこう】 • aviation

② 一昨日【いっさくじつ】 • day before yesterday

② 等【とう】 • ① class, order, rank ② et cetera (etc.), and the like ③ equal

② 可【か】 • passable, acceptable, tolerable, fair

② 灰【はい】 • ash, ashes

② 交差【こうさ】 • ① crossing, intersection ② (genetic) crossing over

② 再【さい】 • re-, again, repeated

② 便【べん】 • convenience, facility, excreta, stools, evacuation

② 夕【ゆうべ】 • ① evening ② last night

② 余り【あんまり】 • ① remainder, rest, balance, remains, scraps, residue, remnant ② not very (with negative sentence), not much ③ surplus, excess, fullness, too much ④ overjoyed, overwhelmed ⑤ more than, over

② 段【だん】 • ① step, stair, (flight of) steps, (row of) stitches, columns (of print) ② grade, rank, level ③ counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.)

② 辛い【づらい】 • difficult to (do something)

② 付【づけ】 • dated (e.g. a letter), date of effect (e.g. a rule change)

② 家【か】 • -ist (used after a noun indicating someone's occupation, pursuits, disposition, etc.), -er

② 縦【たて】 • ① the vertical, height ② front-to-back, length

② あう • ① to meet, to encounter ② to have an accident, to have a bad experience

② 弾【たま】 • ① ball, sphere, globe, orb ② bead (of sweat, dew, etc.), drop, droplet ③ ball (in sports) ④ pile (of noodles, etc.) ⑤ bullet ⑥ bulb (i.e. a light bulb) ⑦ ens (of glasses, etc.) ⑧ bead (of an abacus) ⑨ egg ⑩ gem, jewel (esp. spherical; sometimes used figuratively), pearl ⑪ female entertainer (e.g. a geisha) ⑫ person (when commenting on their nature), character ⑬ item, funds or person used as part of a plot ⑭ coin ⑮ precious, beautiful, excellent

② 廊下【ろうか】 • corridor

② 茶碗【ちゃわん】 • rice bowl, tea cup, teacup

② 飴【あめ】 • (hard) candy, toffee

② よる • ① to be due to, to be caused by ② to depend on, to turn on ③ to be based on, to come from

② そば • ① buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) ② soba (Japanese buckwheat noodles)

② わた • ① cotton plant (Gossypium spp.) ② batting, wadding, padding

② さて • well, now, then

② かな • Japanese syllabary (alphabets), kana

② ならう • to imitate, to follow, to emulate

② なる • to bear fruit

② 伯母さん【おばさん】 • aunt (older than one's parent)

① いざ • now, come (now), well

① 社【やしろ】 • shrine (usually Shinto)

① 上【かみ】 • ① upper reaches (of a river), upper stream ② top, upper part, upper half (of the body) ③ long ago ④ beginning, first ⑤ person of high rank (e.g. the emperor) ⑥ government, imperial court ⑦ imperial capital (i.e. Kyoto), capital region (i.e. Kansai), region (or direction of) the imperial palace ⑧ head (of a table) ⑨ wife, mistress (of a restaurant)

① 生【き】 • pure, undiluted, raw, crude

① 長【おさ】 • chief, head

① 東【あずま】 • ① eastern Japan ② six-stringed Japanese zither ③ my spouse

① 入る【いる】 • to get in, to go in, to come in, to flow into, to set, to set in

① 下【げ】 • ① lowness (of degree, value, etc.), inferiority ② second volume (of two), third volume (of three)

① はる • to do

① 木【もく】 • ① Thursday ② wood (first of the five elements)

① 間【ま】 • space, room, time, pause

① 業【ごう】 • karma (i.e. actions committed in a former life)

① 古【いにしえ】 • antiquity, ancient times

① 字【あざ】 • section of village

① 体【てい】 • appearance, air, condition, state, form

① 答【こたえ】 • response, reply, answer, solution

① 動【どう】 • motion, change, confusion

① 同【どう】 • the same, the said, ibid.

① 文【ふみ】 • letter, writings

① 有【ゆう】 • ① existence ② possession, having ③ limited company

① 音【おん】 • ① sound, noise, report ② note (music) ③ Chinese-derived character reading

① 弟【おと】 • younger brother

① 着【ぎ】 • clothes, outfit, uniform, gi

① ぺーじ • page

① 門【かど】 • ① gate ② branch of learning based on the teachings of a single master ③ (biological) division ④ counter for cannons

① 例【ためし】 • ① custom, practice, habit, usual ② said, aforementioned ③ instance, example, case, illustration, usage ④ precedent ⑤ annual

① 戸【こ】 • counter for houses

① 喫茶【きっさ】 • tea drinking, tea house

① 初【はつ】 • first, new

① 働【どう】 • work, labor, labour

① 財【たから】 • treasure

① 塩【えん】 • salt

① お巡りさん【おまわりさん】 • policeman (friendly term)

① 悪【あく】 • evil, wickedness

① 鉛【なまり】 • lead (the metal)

① 金【こがね】 • gold

① 荷【に】 • ① load, baggage, cargo, freight, goods ② burden, responsibility

① 画【かく】 • stroke (of a kanji, etc.)

① 覚え【おぼえ】 • memory, sense, experience

① 角【つの】 • horn

① 掛け【かけ】 • ① credit ② partially, half

① 供【とも】 • companion, follower, attendant, retinue

① 教え【おしえ】 • teachings, precept, lesson, doctrine

① 故【こ】 • the late (deceased)

① 故【ゆえ】 • reason, cause, circumstances

① 公【おおやけ】 • official, public, formal, open, governmental

① 財【ざい】 • ① fortune, riches ② goods

① 作【さく】 • a work, a harvest

① 雑【ざつ】 • ① rough, crude, sloppy, messy ② miscellaneous

① 自転【じてん】 • rotation (usu. on an axis), turning, spin

① 借り【かり】 • borrowing, debt, loan

① 弱【じゃく】 • weakness, the weak, little less than

① 住【じゅう】 • dwelling, living

① 丈【たけ】 • height, stature, length, measure, all (one has)

① 先【せん】 • the future, priority, precedence, former, previous, old, late

① 天【てん】 • ① sky ② heaven ③ svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth) ④ deva (divine being of Buddhism)

① 筒【つつ】 • ① pipe, tube, cylinder ② gun barrel ③ gun

① 難【なん】 • difficulty, hardships, defect

① 乳【ちち】 • ① milk ② breast ③ loop ④ decorative bump (on a hanging bell)

① 派【は】 • clique, faction, school

① 杯【さかずき】 • sake cup, cup for alcoholic beverages

① 美【び】 • beauty

① 封【ふう】 • seal

① 弁【べん】 • Oversight Department (division of the daijokan responsible for controlling central and provincial governmental offices)

① 優【ゆう】 • ① gentle ② elegant, classy ③ superior, skilled ④ excellent (in marking, grading, etc.) ⑤ actor

① 用紙【ようし】 • ① blank form ② sheets of paper, sheet of paper

① 欲【よく】 • greed, craving, desire, avarice, wants

① 冷蔵【れいぞう】 • cold storage, refrigeration

① 音【ね】 • ① sound, noise, report ② note (music) ③ fame ④ Chinese-derived character reading

① 頭【かしら】 • ① head ② mind, brain, intellect ③ top ④ hair (on one's head) ⑤ bangs, fringe ⑥ top structural component of a kanji

① 綺麗【きれい】 • ① pretty, lovely, beautiful, fair ② clean, clear, pure, tidy, neat ③ completely, entirely

① 蔵【くら】 • warehouse, cellar, magazine, granary, godown, depository, treasury, elevator

① 並【なみ】 • average, medium, common, ordinary

① 官【かん】 • government service, the bureaucracy

① 強【きょう】 • ① a little over, a little more than ② powerhouse, one of the biggest, one of the most powerful

① 書【しょ】 • ① document, book ② penmanship, handwriting, calligraphy (esp. Chinese)

① 当【とう】 • this (business organisation or place)

① 意【い】 • ① feelings, thoughts ② meaning

① 語彙【ごい】 • vocabulary, lexicon, lexis, terminology

① 甘い【うまい】 • ① skillful, clever, expert, wise, successful ② delicious, appetizing, appetising ③ fortunate, splendid, promising

① 悪い【にくい】 • ① hateful, abominable, poor-looking, detestable ② (with irony) lovely, lovable, wonderful, etc.

① はじく • ① to flip, to snap ② to repel

① ちょう • super-, ultra-, hyper-, very, really (conversational)

① むら • unevenness, inconsistency, erraticness, irregularity

① くじ • lottery, lot

おおい • ① hey!, oi! ② me

おい • ① hey!, oi! ② me

しか • only, nothing but

ださい • primitive, unsophisticated, out of fashion

つい • ① just (now) ② quite (near) ③ unintentionally, unconsciously, by mistake, against one's better judgement (judgment)

つつ • while, though

とき • regular (stops at every station) Jouetsu-line Shinkansen

なら • ① if, in case, if it is the case that, if it is true that ② as for, on the topic of ③ if possible, if circumstances allow

にも • also, too, not ... either, as well, even

のみ • only, nothing but

カー • car

カート • cart

コピー • ① copy, photocopy ② blurb on a book jacket ③ catch copy

スト • strike

ティ • ① tea ② tee

ニュー • ① new ② newly purchased item

パン屋 • bakery

フィル • fill

ペーパー • paper

メモ • memorandum

レス • ① response ② less ③ -less ④ loess

Ｙシャツ • shirt, business shirt, dress shirt

一【ひと】 • ① one ② best in, the most (...) in (where an adjective follows)

一月【いちがつ】 • January

何時【なんじ】 • what time?

休【きゅう】 • rest, taking a day off, being finished, being absent, retire, sleep

本【もと】 • ① origin, source ② base, foundation ③ cause ④ ingredient ⑤ (somebody's) side, (somebody's) location ⑥ original cost (or capital, principal, etc.) ⑦ trunk ⑧ first section of a waka ⑨ counter for blades of grass, tree trunks, etc., and for falcons (in falconry)

五【いつ】 • five

五【い】 • five

午【うま】 • seventh sign of Chinese zodiac (The Horse, 11am-1pm, south, May)

後【のち】 • ① later, afterwards, since ② future ③ after one's death

後日【ごじつ】 • in the future, another day, later

後日【ごにち】 • in the future, another day, later

今【こん】 • ① the current ..., this ② today's ...

七【な】 • seven

子【み】 • ① fruit, nut ② seed ③ (in broth) pieces of meat, vegetable, etc. ④ content, substance

出来【しゅったい】 • occurrence, happening, taking place

出来【でき】 • ① workmanship, craftsmanship, execution, finish ② grades, results, score, record ③ quality (e.g. of a crop) ④ dealings, transactions

女【じょ】 • ① woman, girl, daughter ② Chinese "Girl" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)

上【うわ】 • upper, upward, outer, surface, top

上げ【あげ】 • rise in price, making a tuck

前【さき】 • ① previous, prior, former, some time ago, preceding ② point (e.g. pencil), tip, end, nozzle ③ head (of a line), front ④ ahead, the other side ⑤ the future, hereafter ⑥ destination ⑦ the other party

千【ち】 • 1,000, thousand

川【かわ】 • ① river, stream ② the .... river, (suffix used with the names of rivers)

大人【だいにん】 • adult

天【あめ】 • ① sky ② heaven ③ svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth) ④ deva (divine being of Buddhism)

天【あま】 • ① sky ② heaven ③ svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth) ④ deva (divine being of Buddhism)

東【ひむかし】 • east

東【ひんがし】 • east

二【ふた】 • two

二【ふ】 • two

二【ふう】 • two

入り【いり】 • ① entering ② setting (of the sun) ③ containing, content, audience ④ income ⑤ beginning

入れ【いれ】 • container, receptacle

百【もも】 • 100, hundred

万年【まんねん】 • ① ten thousand years ② eternity

いずれ • ① where, which, who ② anyway, anyhow, at any rate, sooner or later, eventually, at some future date or time

一人【いちにん】 • one person

九【ここの】 • nine

九【この】 • nine

九【ここ】 • nine

今日【こんち】 • today, this day

今日【こんじつ】 • today, this day

今年【こんねん】 • this year

三【み】 • three

四【よ】 • four

十【と】 • 10, ten

十【とお】 • 10, ten

二人【ににん】 • two persons, two people, pair, couple

入【にゅう】 • go in

入【じゅ】 • go in

八【やっつ】 • eight

八【や】 • eight

八【やつ】 • eight

六【む】 • six

六【むう】 • six

二十【はたち】 • 20 years old

とも • ① certainly, of course, to be sure, rather ② even if, no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how) ③ at the (least, earliest, etc.)

ふん • ① hmm, well ..., humph, huh, pshaw, pish ② roughly, harshly, violently

高【たか】 • quantity, amount, volume, number, amount of money

高【だか】 • quantity, amount, volume, number, amount of money

国人【くにびと】 • indigenous person, inhabitant of a country

出【で】 • ① coming out, going out, outflow, efflux, rising (of the sun or moon) ② attending (work), appearing (on stage), one's turn to go on ③ start, beginning ④ origins, background, person (or item) originating from ..., graduate of ..., native of ..., member of ... (lineage) ⑤ architectural member that projects outward ⑥ highest point of the stern of a ship ⑦ amount (comprising something), amount of time or effort required to do something

何の【なんの】 • what kind, what sort

食【しょく】 • ① meal, (one's) diet, food, foodstuff, foodstuffs ② eclipse (solar, lunar, etc.)

そら • look!, look out!, look at me!

下【もと】 • under (esp. influence or guidance)

げ • seeming, giving the appearance of, giving one the feeling of

たい • ① (after the -masu stem of a verb) want to ... do something, would like to ... ② (at sentence-end) indicates emphasis ③ (after a noun or the -masu stem of a verb) very ...

かい • marks yes-no question

たら • ① indicates supposition, if ... then ② (typically after someone's name) indicates exasperation

たり • ① -ing and -ing (e.g. "coming and going") ② (used adverbially) doing such things as... ③ expresses a command

なり • ① or, whether or not ② (after dictionary form verb) as soon as, right after ③ (after past tense verb) while still, with previous state still in effect

生【うぶ】 • ① innocent, naive, unsophisticated, inexperienced, green, wet behind the ears ② birth-

ノー • no

日【か】 • ① day of month ② counter for days

かね • interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt

って • casual quoting particle

たる • (those) who are, (that) which is, often used in relation to qualifications and requirements for a position, in the capacity of

だい • ① marks wh-question (what, where, who) ② strengthens one's judgment or conclusion

そうです • ① that is so, that is right, it looks to me, I am of the impression ② people say that (after plain verb, adj), it is said that, I hear that

かよ • sentence-ending particle expressing doubt

なる • ① who is called, that is called ② that is

おば • (used with suffix -san or -sama) endearing term for unrelated older woman, (with suffix -san) term used by a child to address unrelated adult female

月【げつ】 • Monday

小【こ】 • ① small, little, slight ② slightly less than, just about ③ somewhat, somehow ④ minor (sometimes derogatory), petty

水【すい】 • ① Wednesday ② shaved ice (served with flavored syrup) ③ water (fifth of the five elements)

下【か】 • under (being in said condition or environment)

わい • (sentence end, mainly male) indicates emotion

とて • ① even ② even if, even though ③ because of, on the grounds that

まい • ① probably isn't (doesn't, won't, etc.) ② don't (doesn't) intend to, intend not to ③ must not, (when used in an imperative sentence) don't

これ • (used to get the attention of one's equals or inferiors) hey, oi, yo

それ • there! (used to call someone's attention to something)

外【がい】 • outside of, not covered by

気【け】 • ① sign, indication, trace, touch, feeling ② somehow, for some reason, seeming to be

土【ど】 • ① Saturday ② earth (third of the five elements)

時【どき】 • time for -, time of -, - time, (suitable) time to -

しめ • (Shinto) rope used to cordon off consecrated areas or as a talisman against evil

れる • ① auxiliary verb indicating passive voice (inc. the "suffering passive") ② auxiliary verb indicating the potential form ③ auxiliary verb indicating spontaneous occurrence ④ auxiliary verb used as an honorific for others' actions

コード • ① code ② cord ③ chord

パー • ① par ② paper (in rock-paper-scissors game) ③ apiece, each ④ percent

パート • ① part ② part-timer ③ part-time (work)

ペット • ① pet ② trumpet

ボール • ① ball ② bowl ③ board (e.g. cardboard, pasteboard)

ポスト • ① post, position ② postbox, mail box, pillar box ③ post-

悪【わる】 • bad thing, bad person

医【い】 • medicine, the healing art, healing, curing, doctor

下手【したて】 • ① humble position, inferior ② underarm grip on opponent's belt (sumo)

下手【しもて】 • ① lower part, foot, lower direction ② left part of the stage (audience's or camera's POV), stage right (actor's POV)

会【え】 • gathering (esp. Buddhist, festive, etc.)

開ける【ひらける】 • ① to become opened up, to improve, to get better ② to develop, to progress, to become civilized (civilised), to be up-to-date ③ to be enlightened, to be sensible

去年【こぞ】 • last year

京【けい】 • ① imperial capital (esp. Kyoto) ② final word of an iroha-uta ③ 10^16, 10,000,000,000,000,000, ten quadrillion (American), (obs) ten thousand billion (British)

京【きょう】 • ① imperial capital (esp. Kyoto) ② final word of an iroha-uta ③ 10^16, 10,000,000,000,000,000, ten quadrillion (American), (obs) ten thousand billion (British)

兄弟【けいてい】 • siblings, brothers and sisters

計【けい】 • ① plan ② meter, measuring device ③ (in) total, total (of)

元【もと】 • ① origin, source ② base, foundation ③ cause ④ ingredient ⑤ (somebody's) side, (somebody's) location ⑥ original cost (or capital, principal, etc.) ⑦ trunk ⑧ first section of a waka ⑨ counter for blades of grass, tree trunks, etc., and for falcons (in falconry)

私【あたくし】 • I, me

私【あたい】 • I, me

私【あて】 • I, me

字引【じびき】 • dictionary

時計【ときはかり】 • watch, clock, timepiece

自転車【じでんしゃ】 • bicycle

質【たち】 • quality, nature (of person)

写【しゃ】 • photograph, copy, transcribe, duplicate, reproduce, trace, describe, picture

手洗い【てあらい】 • ① washing one's hands, water (or basin, etc.) for washing one's hands ② restroom, lavatory, toilet ③ hand-washing (laundry, etc.)

上手【じょうて】 • ① skill, skillful, dexterity ② flattery

上手【じょうしゅ】 • ① skill, skillful, dexterity ② flattery

ふり • ① pretence (pretense), show ② appearance, behaviour ③ swing, swinging ④ lacking a reservation or introduction (at a restaurant, etc.) ⑤ unsewn part of a hanging sleeve on a traditional Japanese woman's garment

真【しん】 • ① truth, reality, genuineness ② seriousness ③ logical TRUE ④ printed style writing ⑤ star performer

図書【としょ】 • books

図書館【ずしょかん】 • library

族【ぞく】 • ① tribe, clan, band ② (taxonomical) tribe ③ group (of the periodic table)

体【たい】 • ① body, physique, posture ② shape, form, style ③ substance, identity, reality ④ field ⑤ counter for humanoid forms (e.g. dolls, statues, corpses, etc.)

茶【ちゃ】 • ① tea ② tea plant (Camellia sinensis) ③ tea preparation, making tea ④ brown

朝【あした】 • morning

朝【ちょう】 • ① dynasty ② reign ③ period, epoch, age ④ court

京【みやこ】 • capital, metropolis

東京【とうきょう】 • Tokyo (current capital of Japan)

堂【どう】 • ① temple, shrine, hall ② prefix to building meaning "magnificent"

肉【しし】 • ① flesh ② meat ③ the physical body (as opposed to the spirit) ④ thickness ⑤ ink pad

毎朝【まいちょう】 • every morning

野【や】 • ① plain, field ② hidden (structural) member ③ wild ④ lacking a political post

野【ぬ】 • ① plain, field ② hidden (structural) member ③ wild ④ lacking a political post

夕【ゆう】 • ① evening ② last night

一度【ひとたび】 • ① once, one time, on one occasion ② temporarily, for a moment ③ one degree, one tone, one musical interval

魚【うお】 • fish

今朝【こんちょう】 • this morning

上手【かみて】 • ① upper part ② upper stream, upper course of a river ③ right side of the stage (audience's or camera's POV), stage left (actor's POV) ④ skillful (only in comparisons), dexterity (only in comparisons) ⑤ over-arm grip on opponent's belt (sumo)

弟【おとと】 • younger brother

店【てん】 • -store, -shop

悪い【にくい】 • difficult, hard

入り口【いりくち】 • entrance, entry, gate, approach, mouth

入り口【はいりぐち】 • entrance, entry, gate, approach, mouth

明日【みょうにち】 • tomorrow

銀【しろがね】 • ① silver, silver coin, silver paint ② silver general (shogi)

着【ちゃく】 • ① counter for suits of clothing ② arriving at ...

買い【かい】 • ① buying, shopping ② buyer ③ purchase

言【げん】 • word, remark, statement

早【はや】 • already, now, by this time

理【り】 • ① reason, principle, logic ② general principle (as opposed to individual concrete phenomenon) ③ (in neo-Confucianism) the underlying principles of the cosmos

え • picture, drawing, painting, sketch

知【ち】 • ① wisdom ② jnana (higher knowledge)

たて • ① central, main, head, chief ② just (done), freshly (baked), indicates activity only just occurred ③ counter for consecutive losses

安【やす】 • cheap

英【えい】 • Britain, British

道【どう】 • ① road ② way ③ Buddhist teachings ④ Taoism ⑤ modern administrative region of Japan (Hokkaido) ⑥ historical administrative region of Japan (Tokaido, Tosando, etc.) ⑦ province (Tang-era administrative region of China) ⑧ province (modern administrative region of Korea)

姉【ねえ】 • ① used after the name of someone who is an older sister figure ② used with various honorifics to mean (older) sister

足【そく】 • counter for pairs (of socks, shoes, etc.)

はだける • ① to open, to bare, to expose ② to stretch

地【じ】 • ① ground, land, earth, soil ② the region in question, the local area ③ skin ④ texture, fabric, material, weave ⑤ base, background ⑥ one's true nature ⑦ narrative (i.e. descriptive part of a story) ⑧ real life, actuality ⑨ (in the game of go) captured territory ⑩ Noh chorus ⑪ (in Japanese dance) accompaniment music ⑫ (in Japanese music) basic phrase (usu. repetitive) ⑬ base part (of multiple shamisens)

一月【ひとつき】 • one month

ひとつがい • pair, couple, brace

園【その】 • ① garden (esp. man-made), orchard, park, plantation ② place, location

遠【とお】 • distant

黄【き】 • yellow

門【と】 • door (esp. Japanese-style)

語【かたり】 • talking

昨年【さくねん】 • last year

新【しん】 • ① new, neo- ② Gregorian calendar ③ Xin (dynasty of China)

石【こく】 • ① measure of volume (approx. 180.39 liters, 6.37 cub. ft.) ② measure of a Japanese-style boat's loading capacity (approx. 278.26 liters)

側【そく】 • ① near, close, beside, vicinity, proximity, besides, while ② third person

側【はた】 • ① near, close, beside, vicinity, proximity, besides, while ② third person

大勢【たいぜい】 • many, crowd, great number of people

大勢【たいせい】 • general trend, current thought

勢【はずみ】 • ① bounce, spring, rebound ② momentum, inertia ③ spur of the moment, impulse

直【なお】 • ① ordinary, common ② doing nothing

しかし • however, but

曲【くせ】 • a habit (often a bad habit, i.e. vice), peculiarity

本当【ほんと】 • truth, reality

面白【おもしろ】 • amusing, interesting

曜日【ようび】 • day of the week

側【わき】 • ① side, aside ② armpit ③ back-burner

黄色【こうしょく】 • yellow, amber

黄色【おうしょく】 • yellow, amber

どこ • ① where, what place ② how much (long, far), what extent

勤【きん】 • be fit for, be equal to, serve

勤【ごん】 • be fit for, be equal to, serve

左側【ひだりがわ】 • left, left (hand) side

左側【さそく】 • left, left (hand) side

昨日【さくじつ】 • yesterday

次【じ】 • ① next ② hypo- (i.e. containing an element with low valence) ③ order, sequence, time, times

直【じき】 • ① soon, in a moment, before long, shortly ② nearby, close ③ direct ④ spot transaction, cash transaction

直【ちょく】 • ① direct, in person, frankness, honesty, simplicity, cheerfulness, correctness, being straight ② night duty, shift (e.g. in a factory)

面【つら】 • ① face (often derog. or vulg.), mug ② surface

側【かたわら】 • ① side, edge, beside, besides, nearby ② while (doing)

両親【ふたおや】 • parents, both parents

軽【けい】 • light

こく • ① to let loose (e.g. a fart) ② to utter (e.g. a lie)

乗【じょう】 • ① (nth) power ② counter for vehicles ③ multiplication ④ Buddha's teachings

ぶつ • ① stock, products ② stolen goods, loot, spoils

しか • certainly (for certain) (used in negative sense)

なり • style, way, shape, form, appearance, state

つがい • ① (one) pair (e.g. of birds), brace, couple ② joint, hinge

明【みょう】 • ① vidya (wisdom) ② mantra ③ the coming (4th of July, etc.)

頭【がしら】 • ① (after a noun) top of .., head of .. ② (after the -masu stem of a verb) the moment that ..

ちょっと • ① just a minute, short time, just a little ② somewhat, easily, readily, rather ③ (before a verb in negative form) (will not) easily ④ hey!

煙【けぶり】 • smoke, fumes

煙【けむ】 • smoke, fumes

煙【けぶ】 • smoke, fumes

降る【くだる】 • ① to descend, to go down, to come down ② to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.) ③ to pass (of time) ④ to surrender, to capitulate ⑤ (often in neg. form) to be less than, to be inferior to ⑥ to have the runs, to have diarrhea

果物【かぶつ】 • fruit

かば • hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius)

菓子【かし】 • pastry, confectionery

灰皿【はいさら】 • ashtray

皆さん【みんなさん】 • all, everyone, everybody

関【せき】 • barrier, gate

機【はた】 • loom

座【ざ】 • ① seat, one's place, position ② attaches to the names of theatres and constellations

再来【さいらい】 • return, second coming, second advent, reincarnation

夫【つま】 • ① wife ② garnish (esp. one served with sashimi) ③ embellishment

緒【いとぐち】 • thread end, beginning, clue

誌【し】 • magazine

初め【はじめ】 • beginning, start, origin

緒【お】 • cord, strap, thong

祖母【ばば】 • grandmother

祖母【おおば】 • grandmother

祖母【おば】 • grandmother

祖母【うば】 • grandmother

中【うち】 • ① inside, within ② while ③ among, amongst, between ④ we (referring to one's in-group, i.e. company, etc.), our ⑤ my spouse ⑥ I (primarily used by women and children), me

難しい【むつかしい】 • difficult

歳【とし】 • ① year ② age

段【たん】 • ① variable measure of fabric (28.8 cm in width), for kimonos: at least 10 m in length, for haori: at least 7.27 m in length, for other clothes: at least 6.06 m in length ② 300 tsubo (991.74 meters square, 0.24506 acres) ③ six ken (10.91 m)

かなた • beyond, across, the other side, the distance

あなた • beyond, across, the other side, the distance

付け【つけ】 • ① fixed ② bill, bill of sale ③ tab (for later payment), credit

付け【づけ】 • dated, date, fixed, external

布【ふ】 • ① cloth ② bujian (spade-shaped bronze coin of ancient China)

布【にの】 • ① cloth ② bujian (spade-shaped bronze coin of ancient China)

布【にぬ】 • ① cloth ② bujian (spade-shaped bronze coin of ancient China)

忙しい【せわしい】 • busy, hectic, occupied, engaged

また • again, and, also, still (doing something)

なくす • ① to lose something ② to get rid of ③ to lose someone (wife, child, etc.)

余【よ】 • over, more than

浴【よく】 • bath

利【り】 • advantage, benefit, profit, interest

零【れい】 • zero, nought

紅【くれない】 • ① deep red, crimson ② rouge, lipstick

紅【べに】 • ① deep red, crimson ② rouge, lipstick

いえ • no, nay, well

匹【き】 • ① counter for small animals ② counter for rolls of cloth (two han in size) ③ roll of cloth

暖かい【あったかい】 • warm, mild, genial

曇【くもり】 • cloudiness, cloudy weather, shadow

蔵【そう】 • possession, ownership

まれ • rare, seldom

よい • ① good, excellent, fine, nice, pleasant, agreeable ② sufficient (can be used to turn down an offer), ready, prepared ③ profitable (e.g. deal, business offer, etc.), beneficial ④ OK

いい • ① good, excellent, fine, nice, pleasant, agreeable ② sufficient (can be used to turn down an offer), ready, prepared ③ profitable (e.g. deal, business offer, etc.), beneficial ④ OK

要【かなめ】 • ① pivot ② vital point, cornerstone, keystone ③ Japanese photinia

祖母さん【ばあさん】 • ① grandmother ② female senior citizen

降り【ふり】 • ① rainfall, snowfall ② alighting, descending

祖【そ】 • ancestor, forefather, progenitor

良【りょう】 • ① good ② B grade (in an A, B, C ... system)

杯【はい】 • ① sake cup, cup for alcoholic beverages ② counter for cupfuls ③ counter for ships, octopuses and squid

洗い【あらい】 • ① washing ② sashimi chilled in iced water

初【うぶ】 • ① innocent, naive, unsophisticated, inexperienced, green, wet behind the ears ② birth-

機【き】 • ① chance, opportunity ② machine ③ aircraft ④ counter for aircraft ⑤ counter for remaining lives (in video games)

難し【かたし】 • difficult, hard;

たま • occasional, rare

違う【たがう】 • ① to differ, to be different ② to run counter to ③ to change (into something out of the ordinary)

好き【ずき】 • ① -phil, -phile, enthusiast (for), love (of) ② being attractive (to), to tend to be liked (by)

がけ • ① -clad ② in the midst of ③ tenths ④ times (i.e. multiplied by) ⑤ able-to-seat (of a chair, etc.)

個【か】 • counter for the ichi-ni-san counting system (usu. directly preceding the item being counted), a noun read using its on-yomi

あおい • ① mallow (any plant of family Malvaceae) ② Asarum caulescens (species of wild ginger)

一寸【いっすん】 • ① one sun (approx. 3.03 cm) ② a little bit (of time, distance, etc.)

よる • ① to be due to, to be caused by ② to depend on, to turn on ③ to be based on, to come from

がき • ① brat, kids ② preta (hungry ghost), ghoul

あく • ① lye ② harsh taste ③ scum (formed when cooking some foods) ④ (excessive) strength of will

たのしい • enjoyable, fun

履【くつ】 • shoes, footwear

くり • Japanese chestnut (Castanea crenata)

鶏【にわとり】 • ① (domestic) chicken ② chicken (meat)

鶏【とり】 • ① (domestic) chicken ② chicken (meat)

鶏【かけ】 • ① (domestic) chicken ② chicken (meat)

鶏【くたかけ】 • ① (domestic) chicken ② chicken (meat)

鶏肉【とりにく】 • chicken meat

たかい • ① high, tall ② expensive

邪【よこしま】 • wicked, evil

なる • ① to become, to get, to grow, to be, to reach, to attain ② to result in, to prove to be ③ to consist of, to be composed of ④ to succeed, to be complete ⑤ to change into, to be exchanged for ⑥ to play a role ⑦ to be promoted (shogi)

たい • ① sea bream (Sparidae), porgy ② tai (species of reddish-brown Pacific sea bream, Pagrus major)

丁【ちょう】 • ① counter for sheets, pages, leaves, etc. ② counter for blocks of tofu, counter for servings in a restaurant ③ counter for long and narrow things such as guns, scissors, spades, hoes, inksticks, palanquins, candles, jinrikishas, shamisen, oars, etc. ④ even number ⑤ 109.09 m

豚【ぶた】 • pig

とる • to take, to catch (fish), to capture

また • again, and, also, still (doing something)

なり • ① to be (an affirmation) ② to be (location) ③ sum of money (used to express an exact sum on a receipt, envelope, certificate, etc.)

暇【いとま】 • ① spare time, free time, leisure ② time off, day off, vacation, holiday, leave ③ quitting (one's job), firing someone, divorcing (one's spouse) ④ (of one's time) free, (of one's business) slow ⑤ leaving, departing

眼鏡【がんきょう】 • ① spectacles, glasses ② judgement, discrimination, discernment, insight

いく • ① to go ② to proceed, to take place ③ to die, to pass away ④ to continue

丈夫【じょうふ】 • hero, manly person, warrior

丈夫【ますらお】 • hero, manly person, warrior

如何【いかん】 • ① how, in what way ② circumstances

風邪【ふうじゃ】 • cold (illness), common cold

面【おもて】 • ① face ② surface ③ mask (esp. a noh or kyogen mask)

嫌【や】 • disagreeable, detestable, unpleasant, reluctant

眼【め】 • ① eye, eyeball ② eyesight ③ look ④ experience ⑤ viewpoint ⑥ ordinal number suffix ⑦ somewhat, -ish

眼【まなこ】 • ① eye, eyeball ② eyesight ③ look ④ experience ⑤ viewpoint ⑥ ordinal number suffix ⑦ somewhat, -ish

よい • ① good, excellent, fine, nice, pleasant, agreeable ② sufficient (can be used to turn down an offer), ready, prepared ③ profitable (e.g. deal, business offer, etc.), beneficial ④ OK

いい • ① good, excellent, fine, nice, pleasant, agreeable ② sufficient (can be used to turn down an offer), ready, prepared ③ profitable (e.g. deal, business offer, etc.), beneficial ④ OK

伯父【はくふ】 • uncle (older than one's parent)

これ • ① this (indicating an item near the speaker, the action of the speaker, or the current topic) ② this person (usu. indicating someone in one's in-group) ③ now

あび • red-throated loon (Gavia stellata)

締め【しめ】 • summing up, judo choking (strangling) techniques

あんた • you (familiar form of anata)

お巡り【おまわり】 • policeman

たい • Thailand

巡り【めぐり】 • ① circumference, girth ② tour, pilgrimage ③ circulation (e.g. of blood)

暖か【あたたか】 • warm, mild, genial

かど • charge, grounds, suspicion

かける • to suspend between two points, to build (a bridge, etc.), to put up on something (e.g. legs up on table)

あの • say, well, errr ...

こーひー • coffee

あし • common reed (Phragmites australis)

あぶ • horsefly, gadfly

いか • cuttlefish, squid

あう • ① to meet, to encounter ② to have an accident, to have a bad experience

すず • tin

誰【たれ】 • who

誰【た】 • who

くも • spider

ちょうど • just, right, exactly

うるさい • ① noisy, loud ② fussy ③ annoying, troublesome, tiresome, importunate ④ bossy

碗【わん】 • bowl (porcelain)

すり • pickpocket

いたち • ① weasel (esp. the Japanese weasel, Mustela itatsi) ② mustelid (any other member of the weasel family, inc. badgers, martens, minks, ferrets, otters, polecats, stoats, skunks, etc.)

かえる • ① frog ② kajika frog (Buergeria buergeri)

など • ① et cetera, etc., and the like, and so forth ② (indicating an approximate quote or vague suggestion) or something ③ (lessening the significance or value of the previous word) the likes of

さて • well, now, then

ある • a certain ..., some ...

たばこ • tobacco, cigarettes

うじ • maggot, larva, grub

いと • greatly, really

ない • ① not (verb-negating suffix; may indicate question or invitation with rising intonation) ② emphatic suffix (used after the root of an adjective)

とる • is being