Study Set: N3 Grammar

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N3 Grammar

grammar

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98 entries — Created by Adam S. — Last modified: 2012-12-01 19:25:14

⑤ くらい • ① approximately, about, around, or so ② to (about) the extent that, (almost) enough that, so ... that ..., at least ③ as ... as ..., like

⑤ ぐらい • ① approximately, about, around, or so ② to (about) the extent that, (almost) enough that, so ... that ..., at least ③ as ... as ..., like

⑤ 過ぎ【すぎ】 • ① past, after ② too (much), over (e.g. eating)

⑤ 殆ど【ほとんど】 • mostly, almost

⑤ どうして • why?, for what reason, how, in what way, for what purpose, what for

④ になる • ① becomes, will become, turns out ② (with "o" and masu-stem of verb) grammatical form creating an honorific verbal expression

④ 代わり【かわり】 • ① substitute, deputy, proxy, alternate, relief, compensation, second helping ② in place of, as a substitute for

④ 非常に【ひじょうに】 • very, extremely, exceedingly

④ によると • according to (someone)

④ ばかり • ① approximately, about ② only, merely, nothing but ③ (after the -ta form of a verb) just (finished, etc.)

④ つもり • ① intention, plan ② conviction, belief

④ なかなか • ① very, considerably, easily, readily, fairly, quite, highly, rather ② by no means (with negative verb)

③ 行けない【いけない】 • ① wrong, not good, of no use ② hopeless, past hope ③ must not do

③ として • ① as (i.e. in the role of), for (i.e. from the viewpoint of) ② apart from... (used to change the topic) ③ (before a negative form) even (e.g. "not even a single person") ④ (after a volitional form) thinking that..., trying to...

③ らしい • ① seeming ... (expresses judgment based on evidence, reason or trustworthy hearsay), appearing ... ② (after a noun, adverb or adjective stem) -ish, like a ..., typical of ..., appropriate for ..., becoming of ..., worthy of the name ...

③ には • for (in regard to), in order to

③ 一体【いったい】 • ① ...the heck (e.g. "what the heck?"), ...in the world (e.g. "why in the world?"), ...on earth (e.g. "who on earth?") ② one object, one body, unity ③ one form, one style ④ one Buddhist image (or carving, etc.) ⑤ generally, in general

③ 主に【おもに】 • mainly, primarily

③ 度【たび】 • time (three times, each time, etc.), times

③ 相当【そうとう】 • ① befitting, becoming, worthy of, proportionate, in keeping with, suitable ② considerable, substantial ③ to be worthy of, to be proportionate to ④ to correspond to (in meaning, function, etc.), to be equivalent ⑤ extremely, considerably

③ に違いない【にちがいない】 • I am sure, no doubt that, must, must have (done)

③ 限る【かぎる】 • to restrict, to limit, to confine

③ 更に【さらに】 • furthermore, again, after all, more and more, moreover

③ 精々【せいぜい】 • at the most, at best, to the utmost, as much (far) as possible

③ 異常【いじょう】 • strangeness, abnormality, disorder

③ 既に【すでに】 • already, too late

③ 寧ろ【むしろ】 • rather, better, instead

③ 途端【とたん】 • just (now, at the moment, etc.)

③ 滅多に【めったに】 • rarely (with neg. verb), seldom

③ しきりに • ① frequently, repeatedly, often, incessantly, constantly ② strongly, eagerly

③ べき • ① should (suf. to verbs), must, that one ought to, to be done ② (passive ending) -able

③ 僅か【わずか】 • only, merely, (a) little, small quantity

③ どうしても • by all means, at any cost, no matter what, after all, in the long run, cravingly, at any rate, surely

③ せい • cause, reason, fault

② 関する【かんする】 • to concern, to be related

② くれぐれも • repeatedly, sincerely, earnestly

② なお • furthermore, still, yet, more, still more, in addition, greater, further

② 剥がす【はがす】 • to tear off, to peel off, to rip off, to strip off, to skin, to flay, to disrobe, to deprive of, to detach, to disconnect

① どうやら • it seems like, it appears that, somehow or other

① まごまご • confused

① 切り【きり】 • limits, end, bounds, period, place to leave off, closing sentence, all there is, only, since

① おいて • at, in, on

① とっさに • at once, right away, promptly

① わざわざ • expressly, specially, doing something especially rather than incidentally

くよくよ • worry about, mope, brood over

こそ • for sure (emphasize preceding word)

さえ • even, if only, if just, as long as, the only thing needed

たびに • each time, every time, whenever (something happens)

つい • ① just (now) ② quite (near) ③ unintentionally, unconsciously, by mistake, against one's better judgement (judgment)

のために • for the sake of

ようにする • (following a verb) to be sure to, to do (something) so that ..., to make sure to, to try to

ようになる • to reach the point that, to come to be that

とも • ① certainly, of course, to be sure, rather ② even if, no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how) ③ at the (least, earliest, etc.)

なければいけない • have to do, must, should, ought to

やら • ① indicates a non-exhaustive list of items ② denotes uncertainty

ば • indicates supposition, if ... then

たら • ① indicates supposition, if ... then ② (typically after someone's name) indicates exasperation

さえあれば • if only (you) have

ものだから • the reason for something

ならない • ① cannot help (doing, etc.), irresistibly, unbearably ② must not do, bad, wrong, not good

のだ • the expectation is that ..., the reason is that ..., the fact is that ..., it is that ...

どうしたもの • what's up with, what's the deal with, what's to be done with;

としたら • if it happens that, if we make ..., if we take ..., if we assume ...

どうやったら • how (can), by what means

どうしたら • how can (we, I, et al. do something)

っこない • (after a verb's -masu base) no chance of (verb)

にする • ① to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B ② to transform A to B, to make A into B, to exchange A for B ③ to make use of A for B, to view A as B, to handle A as if it were B ④ to feel A about B ⑤ to decide (on something)

どうせなら • (if you want to do something) you might as well

はずがない • cannot (do), it is impossible that...

ないといけない • ① (after negative base of verb) have to (verb), must (verb) ② is indispensable, absolutely necessary

ことになる • it has been decided (so) that, it has been arranged (so) that

ふり • ① pretence (pretense), show ② appearance, behaviour ③ swing, swinging ④ lacking a reservation or introduction (at a restaurant, etc.) ⑤ unsewn part of a hanging sleeve on a traditional Japanese woman's garment

あながち • not necessarily, not uncommon

ありがち • frequent, common, usual

知らないうちに【しらないうちに】 • before one knew it, before one realized it

ない内に【ないうちに】 • (after neg. stem of verb) before it becomes (verb), before (an undesirable thing occurs)

なきゃいけない • ① cannot do without something, indispensable, absolutely necessary ② (after negative base of verb) have to do

どうしたらいい • what's the best thing to do?

によって • according to, by (means of), due to, because of

による • by means of, due to, because of, according to

に過ぎない【にすぎない】 • no more than, just, only

に関する【にかんする】 • related to, in relation to

よると • according to

初め【はじめ】 • beginning, start, origin

させる • ① to make (someone) do ② to allow (someone) to

において • in, on, at (place), as for, regarding

ために • ① for, for the sake of, to one's advantage, in favor of, in favour of, on behalf of ② because of, as a result of

異状【いじょう】 • something wrong, accident, change, abnormality, aberration

既に【すんでに】 • already, too late

途端に【とたんに】 • just as, in the act of

癖に【くせに】 • and yet, though, when, in spite of

を巡って【をめぐって】 • in regard to, concerning (usu. of disputes)

おかげで • thanks to ... (can be used for non-people causes), owing to ....

される • honorific or passive form of the verb "suru"

どうした • somehow, how, in what way, why, what kind of

はず • ① expectation that something took place, will take place or was in some state, it should be so, bound to be, expected to be, must be ② nock (of a bow) ③ nock (of an arrow) ④ nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger) (Sumo)

まま • ① as it is, as one likes, because, as ② condition, state

よって • therefore, consequently, accordingly, because of