Study Set: 1Q84 Book 1 (Chapter 1-4)

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1Q84 Book 1 (Chapter 1-4)

Novel by 村上春樹 (Haruki Murakami). Currently only includes words encountered in the first four chapters.

novel

2888 entries — Created by Bryse M. — Last modified: 2013-01-12 13:39:04

⑤ お母さん【おかあさん】 • mother

⑤ こんな • such (about something/someone close to the speaker (including the speaker), or about ideas expressed by the speaker), like this

⑤ さん • ① Mr, Mrs, Miss or Ms ② honorific used with occupational titles

⑤ じゃあ • ① then, well, so, well then ② combination of 'de' and 'wa' particles ③ plain copula

⑤ そんな • such (about the actions of the listener, or about ideas expressed or understood by the listener), like that, that sort of

⑤ でも • ① but, however, still, yet, although, even though ② even, even if ③ or something

⑤ どうも • ① thanks ② much (thanks), very (sorry), quite (regret) ③ quite, really ④ somehow ⑤ no matter how hard one may try ⑥ greetings, hello, goodbye

⑤ どんな • what, what kind of

⑤ もう • ① already, anymore ② soon, shortly ③ more, further, other, again ④ interjection used to strengthen expression of an emotion (often exasperation)

⑤ もっと • (some) more, even more, longer, further

⑤ ゆっくり • slowly, at ease, restful

⑤ より • ① from, out of, since, at ② than ③ other than, except, but ④ more

⑤ アパート • ① apartment building, apartment block, apartment house ② apartment

⑤ エレベーター • elevator, lift

⑤ カップ • cup

⑤ カメラ • camera

⑤ クラス • class

⑤ コート • ① coat ② court (i.e. tennis, basketball, etc.)

⑤ シャツ • shirt, singlet

⑤ スカート • skirt

⑤ スプーン • spoon

⑤ スポーツ • sport, sports

⑤ ズボン • trousers

⑤ セーター • sweater, jumper

⑤ タクシー • taxi

⑤ テーブル • table

⑤ テレビ • television, TV

⑤ ドア • door (Western-style)

⑤ ニュース • news

⑤ ネクタイ • tie, necktie

⑤ ハンカチ • handkerchief

⑤ バター • butter

⑤ パン • ① bread, pastries (e.g. croissants), pastry-based products ② pan, frying pan ③ panning (in a film)

⑤ フィルム • film

⑤ フォーク • ① fork ② folk, folk song ③ hawk

⑤ プール • ① (swimming) pool ② pool (billiards) ③ pool (together)

⑤ ベッド • bed

⑤ ホテル • hotel

⑤ ボールペン • ball-point pen

⑤ ポケット • pocket

⑤ マッチ • ① match (contest, lighting fires. etc.) ② to match with, to go well with

⑤ メートル • metre, meter, meter (i.e., a gauge), gauge

⑤ ラジオ • radio

⑤ レストラン • restaurant (esp. Western-style)

⑤ 一【いち】 • ① one ② best in, the most (...) in (where an adjective follows)

⑤ 飲む【のむ】 • ① to drink, to gulp, to swallow ② to smoke (tobacco) ③ to engulf, to overwhelm ④ to keep down, to suppress ⑤ to accept (e.g. demand, condition) ⑥ to make light of, to conceal

⑤ 右【みぎ】 • ① right, right hand side ② afore-mentioned (esp. in vertical Japanese writing), foregoing, forgoing, above

⑤ 雨【あめ】 • rain

⑤ 駅【えき】 • station

⑤ 円【えん】 • ① Yen, money ② circle

⑤ 下【した】 • ① below, down, under ② bottom ③ beneath, underneath ④ just after, right after ⑤ inferiority, one's inferior (i.e. one's junior), younger (e.g. of siblings) ⑥ trade-in ⑦ preliminary, preparatory

⑤ 下手【へた】 • ① unskillful, poor, awkward ② imprudent, untactful

⑤ 会社【かいしゃ】 • ① company, corporation ② workplace

⑤ 外【そと】 • ① outside, exterior ② open air ③ other place

⑤ 外国【がいこく】 • foreign country

⑤ 学校【がっこう】 • school

⑤ 学生【がくせい】 • student (esp. a university student)

⑤ 休み【やすみ】 • ① rest, recess, respite ② vacation, holiday, absence, suspension ③ dormancy (of a silkworm prior to moulting)

⑤ 休む【やすむ】 • ① to be absent, to take a day off ② to rest, to have a break ③ to go to bed, to (lie down to) sleep, to turn in, to retire ④ to stop doing some ongoing activity for a time, to suspend business

⑤ 見せる【みせる】 • to show, to display

⑤ 見る【みる】 • ① to see, to look, to watch, to view, to observe ② to look over, to look on, to assess, to examine, to judge ③ to look after, to keep an eye on, to take care of ④ to view (e.g. flowers, movie) ⑤ (usu. after the -te form of a verb) to try

⑤ 古い【ふるい】 • old (not person), aged, ancient, antiquated, stale, threadbare, outmoded, obsolete article

⑤ 五【ご】 • five

⑤ 午後【ごご】 • afternoon, p.m.

⑤ 午前【ごぜん】 • morning, a.m.

⑤ 後ろ【うしろ】 • back, behind, rear

⑤ 口【くち】 • ① mouth ② opening, hole, gap, orifice ③ mouth (of a bottle), spout, nozzle, mouthpiece ④ gate, door, entrance, exit ⑤ speaking, speech, talk (i.e. gossip) ⑥ taste, palate ⑦ mouth (to feed) ⑧ opening (i.e. vacancy), available position ⑨ invitation, summons ⑩ kind, sort, type ⑪ opening (i.e. beginning) ⑫ counter for mouthfuls, shares (of money), and swords

⑤ 高い【たかい】 • ① high, tall ② expensive

⑤ 今【いま】 • now, the present time, just now, soon, immediately, (one) more

⑤ 左【ひだり】 • left, left hand side

⑤ 三つ【みっつ】 • three

⑤ 山【やま】 • ① mountain ② pile, heap ③ climax, critical point ④ speculated area covered by an examination

⑤ 時間【じかん】 • ① time ② hours

⑤ 耳【みみ】 • ① ear ② hearing ③ edge, crust ④ selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics), selvage

⑤ 七【なな】 • seven

⑤ 車【くるま】 • ① car, automobile, vehicle ② wheel

⑤ 手【て】 • ① hand, arm ② handle ③ hand, worker, help ④ trouble, care, effort ⑤ means, way, trick, move, technique, workmanship ⑥ hand, handwriting ⑦ kind, type, sort ⑧ one's hands, one's possession ⑨ ability to cope ⑩ hand (of cards) ⑪ direction

⑤ 週間【しゅうかん】 • week, weekly

⑤ 出す【だす】 • ① to take out, to get out ② to put out, to reveal, to show ③ to submit (e.g. thesis), to turn in ④ to publish, to make public ⑤ to send (e.g. letter) ⑥ to produce (a sound), to start (fire) ⑦ to serve (food) ⑧ to begin

⑤ 出る【でる】 • ① to go out, to exit, to leave ② to appear, to come forth, to be published ③ to answer (the phone or door)

⑤ 出口【でぐち】 • exit, gateway, way out, outlet, leak, vent

⑤ 書く【かく】 • to write

⑤ 女【おんな】 • woman

⑤ 女の子【おんなのこ】 • girl

⑤ 小さい【ちいさい】 • small, little, tiny

⑤ 少し【すこし】 • ① small quantity, little, few, something ② little while ③ short distance

⑤ 上【うえ】 • ① above, up, over ② top, summit ③ surface, on ④ before, previous ⑤ superiority, one's superior (i.e. one's elder) ⑥ on top of that, besides, what's more ⑦ upon (further inspection, etc.), based on (and occurring after) ⑧ matters concerning..., as concerns ... ⑨ since (i.e. "for that reason") ⑩ suffix indicating higher social standing

⑤ 上げる【あげる】 • ① to raise, to elevate ② to do up (one's hair) ③ to fly (a kite, etc.), to launch (fireworks, etc.), to surface (a submarine, etc.) ④ to land (a boat) ⑤ to show someone (into a room) ⑥ (uk) to summon (for geishas, etc.) ⑦ to send someone (away) ⑧ to enrol (one's child in school) (enroll) ⑨ to increase (price, quality, status, etc.) ⑩ to make (a loud sound), to raise (one's voice) ⑪ to earn (something desirable) ⑫ to praise ⑬ to give (an example, etc.), to cite ⑭ to summon up (all of one's energy, etc.) ⑮ to arrest ⑯ to nominate ⑰ to give ⑱ to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.) ⑲ to bear (a child) ⑳ to conduct (a ceremony, esp. a wedding) ○ (of the tide) to come in ○ to vomit ○ (after the -te form of a verb) to do for (the sake of someone else) ○ (after the -masu stem of a verb) to complete ○ used after the -masu stem of a humble verb to increase the level of humility

⑤ 上手【じょうず】 • ① skill, skillful, dexterity ② flattery

⑤ 食べる【たべる】 • to eat

⑤ 新聞【しんぶん】 • newspaper

⑤ 人【じん】 • ① -ian (e.g. Italian, etc.) (attaches to name of country to denote nationality), -er (e.g. performer, etc.) (attaches to name of occupation) ② (usu. in compound words) man, person, people

⑤ 水【みず】 • water (cold, fresh)

⑤ 生まれる【うまれる】 • to be born

⑤ 先【さき】 • ① previous, prior, former, some time ago, preceding ② point (e.g. pencil), tip, end, nozzle ③ head (of a line), front ④ ahead, the other side ⑤ the future, hereafter ⑥ destination ⑦ the other party

⑤ 先生【せんせい】 • ① teacher, master, doctor ② with names of teachers, etc. as an honorific

⑤ 千【せん】 • 1,000, thousand

⑤ 前【まえ】 • ① ago, before (some event), previously, (minutes) to (the hour) ② in front (of), before (e.g. the house) ③ head (of a line), front (e.g. of a bus), fore part ④ in the presence of ⑤ helping, portion ⑥ privates, private parts

⑤ 足【あし】 • ① foot ② leg ③ gait ④ pace

⑤ 大学【だいがく】 • ① post-secondary education institution, incl. university, college, etc. ② the Great Learning - one of the Four Books

⑤ 大人【おとな】 • adult

⑤ 男【おとこ】 • man

⑤ 中【なか】 • ① inside, in ② among, within ③ center (centre), middle ④ during, while

⑤ 長い【ながい】 • ① long (distance) ② long (time), lengthy

⑤ 電車【でんしゃ】 • (electric) train

⑤ 電話【でんわ】 • telephone

⑤ 道【みち】 • ① road, street, way, path, course, route, lane ② distance, ways (e.g. "a long ways") ③ the way (of proper conduct, etc.), one's way, morals ④ teachings (esp. Confucian or Buddhist), dogma ⑤ field (of medicine, etc.), subject ⑥ way, method, means

⑤ 読む【よむ】 • to read

⑤ 二【に】 • two

⑤ 二つ【ふたつ】 • two

⑤ 入る【はいる】 • ① to enter ② to break into ③ to join, to enroll ④ to contain, to hold, to accommodate ⑤ to have (an income of)

⑤ 入れる【いれる】 • ① to put in, to let in, to take in, to bring in, to insert, to set (a jewel, etc.) ② to admit, to accept, to employ, to hire ③ to accept, to comply, to grant, to adopt (a policy, etc.), to take (advice, etc.), to listen to, to pay attention to ④ to include ⑤ to pay (one's rent, etc.) ⑥ to cast (a vote) ⑦ to make (tea, coffee, etc.) ⑧ to turn on (a switch, etc.) ⑨ to send (a fax), to call

⑤ 買う【かう】 • ① to buy ② to value, to have a high opinion ③ to stir, to provoke

⑤ 白【しろ】 • ① white ② good guy, 'white hat'

⑤ 白い【しろい】 • white

⑤ 半【はん】 • half, semi-

⑤ 半分【はんぶん】 • half

⑤ 百【ひゃく】 • 100, hundred

⑤ 分【ふん】 • minute

⑤ 本【ほん】 • ① book, volume ② main, head, this, our, present, real ③ counter for long cylindrical things

⑤ 毎日【まいにち】 • every day

⑤ 名前【なまえ】 • ① name, full name ② given name, first name

⑤ 木【き】 • tree, wood, timber

⑤ 来る【くる】 • ① to come (spatially or temporally), to approach, to arrive ② to come back, to do ... and come back ③ to come to be, to become, to get, to grow, to continue ④ to come from, to be caused by, to derive from ⑤ to come to (i.e. "when it comes to spinach ...")

⑤ 話す【はなす】 • to speak

⑤ 何【なに】 • ① what ② how many (some counter)

⑤ 九【きゅう】 • nine

⑤ 行く【いく】 • ① to go ② to proceed, to take place ③ to die, to pass away ④ to continue

⑤ 今日【きょう】 • today, this day

⑤ 三【さん】 • three

⑤ 四【よん】 • four

⑤ 十【じゅう】 • 10, ten

⑤ 人【ひと】 • ① man, person ② human being, mankind, people ③ character, personality ④ man of talent, true man ⑤ other people ⑥ adult

⑤ 店【みせ】 • store, shop, establishment

⑤ 八【はち】 • eight

⑤ 六【ろく】 • six

⑤ 言う【いう】 • ① to say ② to call (i.e. to give a name)

⑤ 大きい【おおきい】 • big, large, great, loud

⑤ 聞く【きく】 • ① to hear ② to listen (e.g. to music) ③ to ask, to enquire, to query

⑤ 国【くに】 • ① country, (the) state ② region ③ home (i.e. hometown, home country)

⑤ 立つ【たつ】 • ① to stand, to rise, to stand up ② to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position) ③ to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)

⑤ 出かける【でかける】 • to depart, to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing), to set out, to start, to be going out

⑤ 時々【ときどき】 • sometimes, at times

⑤ 話【はなし】 • ① talk, speech, chat, story, conversation ② discussions, negotiation, argument

⑤ 目【め】 • ① eye, eyeball ② eyesight ③ look ④ experience ⑤ viewpoint ⑥ ordinal number suffix ⑦ somewhat, -ish

⑤ 時【じ】 • ① hour, o'clock ② (specified) time, when ..., during ...

⑤ 日【にち】 • ① Sunday ② day (of the month) ③ counter for days

⑤ 年【ねん】 • ① year (e.g. AD) ② counter for years

⑤ いる • auxillary verb for continuing action or state

⑤ 人【にん】 • ① counter for people ② (usu. in compound words) person

⑤ 悪い【わるい】 • ① bad, poor, inferior ② evil, sinful ③ unprofitable, unbeneficial ④ at fault, to blame, in the wrong ⑤ sorry

⑤ 暗い【くらい】 • ① dark, gloomy ② dark (in colour), dull ③ depressed, dispirited ④ sorrowful, bitter (as in a dark past) ⑤ unclear, unfamiliar, unknown

⑤ 意味【いみ】 • meaning, significance

⑤ 引く【ひく】 • ① to pull ② to draw (attention, etc.), to attract (interest, etc.) ③ to draw back ④ to draw (a card) ⑤ to draw (plan, line, etc.) ⑥ to catch (cold) ⑦ to play (string instr.) ⑧ to look up (e.g. dictionary), to consult ⑨ to haul, to pull (vehicles) ⑩ to subtract ⑪ to ebb, to fade ⑫ to descend (from), to inherit (a characteristic) ⑬ to quote, to raise (as evidence) ⑭ to lay (a cable), to draw (a cable)

⑤ 映画【えいが】 • movie, film

⑤ 英語【えいご】 • English (language)

⑤ 遠い【とおい】 • far, distant

⑤ 音楽【おんがく】 • music, musical movement

⑤ 夏【なつ】 • summer

⑤ 夏休み【なつやすみ】 • summer vacation, summer holiday

⑤ 家【いえ】 • ① house, residence, dwelling ② family, household ③ lineage, family name

⑤ 会う【あう】 • ① to meet, to encounter ② to have an accident, to have a bad experience

⑤ 回【かい】 • ① counter for occurrences ② counter for innings (baseball)

⑤ 開ける【あける】 • ① to open (a door, etc.), to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package) ② to open (for business, etc.)

⑤ 漢字【かんじ】 • Chinese characters, kanji

⑤ 顔【かお】 • face (person)

⑤ 帰る【かえる】 • ① to return, to come home, to go home, to go back ② (of a guest, customer, etc.) to leave ③ (of a baseball player rounding the bases) to get home

⑤ 起きる【おきる】 • ① to get up, to rise ② to wake up ③ to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents), to happen, to take place

⑤ 強い【つよい】 • ① strong, powerful, mighty, potent ② resistant, resilient, durable

⑤ 教える【おしえる】 • to teach, to inform, to instruct

⑤ 教室【きょうしつ】 • classroom

⑤ 近い【ちかい】 • near, close, short (distance)

⑤ 近く【ちかく】 • ① near, neighbourhood, neighborhood, vicinity ② nearly (i.e. "it took nearly one year"), close to ③ shortly, soon

⑤ 兄弟【きょうだい】 • siblings, brothers and sisters

⑤ 軽い【かるい】 • ① light (i.e. not heavy), feeling light (i.e. offering little resistance, moving easily) ② light (i.e. of foot), nimble, agile ③ non-serious, minor, unimportant, trivial ④ slight, small, gentle, soft ⑤ easy, simple ⑥ indiscriminate

⑤ 月【つき】 • ① moon ② month

⑤ 建物【たてもの】 • building

⑤ 元気【げんき】 • health(y), robust, vigor, vigour, energy, vitality, vim, stamina, spirit, courage, pep

⑤ 好き【すき】 • liking, fondness, love

⑤ 広い【ひろい】 • spacious, vast, wide

⑤ 考える【かんがえる】 • to consider, to think about

⑤ 黒【くろ】 • ① black ② dark ③ bad guy, 'black hat'

⑤ 黒い【くろい】 • ① black ② dark ③ illicit, wicked, underground

⑤ 作文【さくぶん】 • ① writing (an essay, prose, etc.), composition ② formal writing with little real meaning

⑤ 仕事【しごと】 • ① work, job, business, occupation, employment, vocation, task ② work

⑤ 使う【つかう】 • ① to use (a thing, method, etc.), to make use of, to put to use ② to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.), to employ, to handle, to manage, to manipulate ③ to use (time, money, etc.), to spend, to consume ④ to use (language), to speak ⑤ to take (one's lunch), to circulate (bad money)

⑤ 始まる【はじまる】 • to begin

⑤ 止まる【とまる】 • ① to stop, to halt ② to remain, to abide, to stay (in the one place) ③ to come to a halt ④ to be limited to

⑤ 死ぬ【しぬ】 • to die

⑤ 私【わたし】 • ① I, me ② private affairs, personal matter, secrecy ③ selfishness

⑤ 持つ【もつ】 • ① to hold, to carry ② to possess

⑤ 時計【とけい】 • watch, clock, timepiece

⑤ 自動車【じどうしゃ】 • automobile

⑤ 自分【じぶん】 • ① myself, yourself, oneself, himself, herself ② I, me

⑤ 質問【しつもん】 • question, inquiry, enquiry

⑤ 写真【しゃしん】 • ① photograph, photo ② movie

⑤ 借りる【かりる】 • ① to borrow, to have a loan ② to rent, to hire

⑤ 弱い【よわい】 • weak, frail, delicate, tender, unskilled, weak (wine)

⑤ 手紙【てがみ】 • letter

⑤ 住む【すむ】 • to live (of humans), to reside, to inhabit, to dwell, to abide

⑤ 重い【おもい】 • ① heavy, massive ② serious, important, severe, oppressed

⑤ 少ない【すくない】 • few, a little, scarce, insufficient, seldom

⑤ 乗る【のる】 • ① to get on, to ride in, to board, to mount, to get up on ② to spread (paints), to be taken in ③ to share in, to join, to feel like doing, to be mentioned in, to be in harmony with ④ to appear (in print), to be recorded, to be found in (a dictionary)

⑤ 色【いろ】 • ① colour, color ② complexion ③ appearance, look ④ love, lust, sensuality, love affair, lover ⑤ kind, type, variety

⑤ 新しい【あたらしい】 • new

⑤ 声【こえ】 • voice

⑤ 赤い【あかい】 • ① red ② Red (i.e. communist)

⑤ 切る【きる】 • ① to cut (usu. to cut through) ② to sever (connections, ties) ③ to turn off (i.e. the light) ④ to terminate (i.e. a conversation), to hang up (the phone), to disconnect ⑤ to punch (a ticket), to tear off (a stub) ⑥ to open (something sealed) ⑦ to start ⑧ to set (a limit) ⑨ to reduce, to decrease, to discount ⑩ to shake off (water, etc.), to let drip-dry (or drain) ⑪ to cross ⑫ to do (something noticeable) ⑬ to turn (a vehicle) ⑭ to cut (the ball) ⑮ to shuffle (cards) ⑯ to trump ⑰ (in Go) to isolate (an opponent's stone) ⑱ (after the -masu stem of a verb) to finish, to complete

⑤ 洗う【あらう】 • ① to wash ② to investigate

⑤ 走る【はしる】 • ① to run ② to travel (movement of vehicles) ③ to hurry to ④ to retreat (from battle), to take flight ⑤ to run away from home ⑥ to elope ⑦ to tend heavily toward

⑤ 早い【はやい】 • ① fast, quick, hasty, brisk ② early (in the day, etc.), premature ③ (too) soon, not yet, (too) early ④ easy, simple, quick

⑤ 多い【おおい】 • many, numerous

⑤ 多分【たぶん】 • ① perhaps, probably ② generous, many, much, great

⑤ 体【からだ】 • ① body ② health

⑤ 待つ【まつ】 • ① to wait ② to await, to look forward to, to anticipate ③ (usu. in negative form) to depend on, to need

⑤ 貸す【かす】 • ① to lend, to loan ② to rent out, to hire out

⑤ 台所【だいどころ】 • kitchen

⑤ 大きな【おおきな】 • big, large, great

⑤ 大切【たいせつ】 • important, valuable, worthy of care

⑤ 短い【みじかい】 • short

⑤ 知る【しる】 • to know, to understand, to be acquainted with, to feel

⑤ 茶色【ちゃいろ】 • light brown, tawny

⑤ 着く【つく】 • ① to arrive at, to reach ② to sit on, to sit at (e.g. the table)

⑤ 着る【きる】 • ① to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down), to put on ② to bear (guilt, etc.)

⑤ 朝【あさ】 • morning

⑤ 鳥【とり】 • ① bird ② bird meat (esp. chicken meat), fowl, poultry

⑤ 低い【ひくい】 • low (height, tone, rank, degree, cost, etc.), short

⑤ 度【ど】 • ① degree (angle, temperature, scale, etc.) ② counter for occurrences and times ③ strength (of alcohol)

⑤ 冬【ふゆ】 • winter

⑤ 答える【こたえる】 • to answer, to reply

⑤ 働く【はたらく】 • ① to work, to labor, to labour ② to function, to operate, to be effective, to work (i.e. ... works), to come into play ③ to commit (e.g. a crime), to perpetrate, to do, to act, to practise, to practice ④ to be conjugated

⑤ 動物【どうぶつ】 • animal

⑤ 同じ【おなじ】 • ① same, identical, equal, uniform, equivalent, similar, common (origin), changeless, alike ② (usu. part of a 'nara' conditional) anyway, anyhow, in either case

⑤ 肉【にく】 • ① flesh ② meat ③ the physical body (as opposed to the spirit) ④ thickness ⑤ ink pad

⑤ 日曜日【にちようび】 • Sunday

⑤ 売る【うる】 • to sell

⑤ 病院【びょういん】 • hospital

⑤ 風【かぜ】 • wind, breeze

⑤ 服【ふく】 • ① clothes (esp. Western clothes) ② counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.

⑤ 勉強【べんきょう】 • ① study ② diligence ③ discount, reduction

⑤ 歩く【あるく】 • to walk

⑤ 方【ほう】 • side, direction, way

⑤ 明るい【あかるい】 • ① bright, colourful ② cheerful ③ familiar (with), knowledgeable (about) ④ fair (e.g. politics), clean

⑤ 問題【もんだい】 • problem, question

⑤ 夜【よる】 • evening, night

⑤ 有名【ゆうめい】 • ① famous ② fame

⑤ 夕方【ゆうがた】 • evening

⑤ 旅行【りょこう】 • travel, trip

⑤ 料理【りょうり】 • ① cooking, cookery, cuisine ② dealing with something, handling, administration, management

⑤ 今朝【けさ】 • this morning

⑤ 上着【うわぎ】 • coat, tunic, jacket, outer garment

⑤ 頭【あたま】 • ① head ② mind, brain, intellect ③ top ④ hair (on one's head) ⑤ bangs, fringe ⑥ top structural component of a kanji

⑤ 明日【あした】 • tomorrow

⑤ 開く【あく】 • ① to open (e.g. doors) ② to open (e.g. business, etc.)

⑤ 思う【おもう】 • ① to think, to consider, to believe ② to think (of doing), to plan (to do) ③ to judge, to assess, to regard ④ to imagine, to suppose, to dream ⑤ to expect, to look forward to ⑥ to feel, to desire, to want ⑦ to recall, to remember

⑤ 終わる【おわる】 • to finish, to end, to close

⑤ 買い物【かいもの】 • shopping, purchased goods

⑤ 作る【つくる】 • ① to make, to produce, to manufacture, to build, to construct ② to prepare (food), to brew (alcohol) ③ to raise, to grow, to cultivate, to train ④ to till ⑤ to draw up (a document), to make out, to prepare, to write ⑥ to create (an artistic work, etc.), to compose ⑦ to coin (a phrase), to organize, to organise, to establish, to found ⑧ to have (a child) ⑨ to make up (one's face, etc.) ⑩ to fabricate (an excuse, etc.) ⑪ to form (a line, etc.) ⑫ to set (a record) ⑬ to commit (a sin, etc.)

⑤ 飲み物【のみもの】 • drink, beverage

⑤ 町【まち】 • ① town, block, neighbourhood, neighborhood ② street, road ③ 109.09 m ④ 0.99 hectares

⑤ 小さな【ちいさな】 • small, little, tiny

⑤ 一番【いちばん】 • ① best, first, number one ② game, round, bout, fall, event (in a meet)

⑤ 黄色い【きいろい】 • yellow

⑤ 荷物【にもつ】 • ① luggage, baggage ② burden ③ payload (of a packet, cell, etc.)

⑤ 階【かい】 • ① stories, storeys ② counter for storeys and floors of a building

⑤ 橋【はし】 • bridge

⑤ 勤める【つとめる】 • ① to work (for), to be employed (at), to serve (in) ② to serve (as), to act (as), to fill (the position of), to play the role (of) ③ to conduct a religious service

⑤ 君【きみ】 • you, buddy, pal

⑤ 言葉【ことば】 • ① language, dialect ② word, words, phrase, term, expression, remark ③ speech, (manner of) speaking

⑤ 向こう【むこう】 • ① opposite side, other side, opposite direction ② over there, that way, far away, beyond ③ the other party, the other person ④ future (starting now)

⑤ 細い【ほそい】 • thin, slender, fine

⑤ 皿【さら】 • ① plate, dish, platter, disc ② serving, helping, course ③ kanji radical 108 (at the bottom)

⑤ 歯【は】 • tooth

⑤ 次【つぎ】 • ① next, following, subsequent ② stage, station

⑤ 取る【とる】 • ① to take, to pick up, to harvest, to earn, to choose ② to steal ③ to eat, to have (a meal) ④ to remove (one's glasses, etc.)

⑤ 酒【さけ】 • alcohol, sake

⑤ 消す【けす】 • ① to erase, to delete, to cross out ② to turn off power ③ to extinguish, to put out

⑤ 全部【ぜんぶ】 • all, entire, whole, altogether

⑤ 速い【はやい】 • ① fast, quick, hasty, brisk ② early (in the day, etc.), premature ③ (too) soon, not yet, (too) early ④ easy, simple, quick

⑤ 飛ぶ【とぶ】 • to fly, to soar

⑤ 番号【ばんごう】 • number, series of digits

⑤ 鼻【はな】 • nose

⑤ 部屋【へや】 • ① room ② sumo stable

⑤ 文章【ぶんしょう】 • ① sentence, article, composition ② (writing) style

⑤ 返す【かえす】 • ① to return (something), to restore, to put back ② to pay back, to retaliate, to reciprocate

⑤ 方【かた】 • ① direction, way ② person, lady, gentleman ③ method of, manner of, way of ④ care of .. ⑤ person in charge of .. ⑥ side (e.g. "on my mother's side")

⑤ 万年筆【まんねんひつ】 • fountain pen

⑤ 面白い【おもしろい】 • interesting, amusing

⑤ 緑【みどり】 • ① green ② greenery (esp. fresh verdure)

⑤ 練習【れんしゅう】 • practice, practise

⑤ 側【がわ】 • ① side (of something, or taking someone's side), part ② (watch) case

⑤ 箱【はこ】 • ① box ② car (of a train, etc.) ③ shamisen case, shamisen

⑤ 本当に【ほんとうに】 • really, truly

⑤ 番【ばん】 • ① number (in a series) ② (one's) turn ③ watch, guard, lookout ④ bout, match (sumo)

⑤ 違う【ちがう】 • ① to differ (from), to vary ② to not be in the usual condition ③ to not match the correct (answer, etc.) ④ to be different from promised

⑤ 一緒【いっしょ】 • ① together ② at the same time ③ same, identical

⑤ 奥さん【おくさん】 • wife, your wife, his wife, married lady, madam

⑤ 押す【おす】 • ① to push, to press ② to apply pressure from above, to press down ③ to stamp (i.e. a passport), to apply a seal

⑤ 過ぎ【すぎ】 • ① past, after ② too (much), over (e.g. eating)

⑤ 灰皿【はいざら】 • ashtray

⑤ 階段【かいだん】 • stairs, stairway, staircase

⑤ 覚える【おぼえる】 • ① to remember, to recollect, to memorize, to memorise ② to feel

⑤ 机【つくえ】 • desk

⑤ 喫茶店【きっさてん】 • coffee lounge, coffee shop, (rather formal) cafe

⑤ 吸う【すう】 • ① to smoke, to breathe in, to inhale ② to suck, to sip, to slurp ③ to absorb, to soak up ④ to kiss

⑤ 狭い【せまい】 • narrow, confined, small

⑤ 靴【くつ】 • shoes, footwear

⑤ 警官【けいかん】 • policeman

⑤ 呼ぶ【よぶ】 • ① to call out (to), to call, to invoke ② to summon (a doctor, etc.) ③ to invite ④ to designate, to name, to brand ⑤ to garner (support, etc.), to gather

⑤ 降る【ふる】 • to precipitate, to fall (e.g. rain)

⑤ 困る【こまる】 • to be troubled, to be worried, to be bothered, to be embarrassed, to be stumped

⑤ 座る【すわる】 • ① to sit, to squat ② to assume (a position) ③ to hold steady, to hold still

⑤ 歳【さい】 • ① -years-old ② ability, gift, talent, aptitude, genius

⑤ 財布【さいふ】 • purse, handbag, wallet

⑤ 冊【さつ】 • counter for books

⑤ 雑誌【ざっし】 • journal, magazine, periodical

⑤ 子供【こども】 • child, children

⑤ 若い【わかい】 • young

⑤ 授業【じゅぎょう】 • lesson, class work

⑤ 初めて【はじめて】 • ① for the first time ② only after ... is it ..., only when ... do you ...

⑤ 寝る【ねる】 • ① to lie down ② to go to bed, to lie in bed ③ to sleep (lying down) ④ to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse) ⑤ to lie idle

⑤ 吹く【ふく】 • ① to blow (wind, etc.), to play a wind instrument ② to emit, to spout ③ to whistle

⑤ 生徒【せいと】 • pupil

⑤ 静か【しずか】 • quiet, peaceful

⑤ 掃除【そうじ】 • cleaning, sweeping

⑤ 窓【まど】 • window

⑤ 大変【たいへん】 • ① very, greatly ② immense, enormous, great ③ serious, grave, dreadful, terrible ④ difficult, hard

⑤ 置く【おく】 • ① to put, to place ② to leave (behind) ③ to do something in advance (usu. following te-form verb)

⑤ 渡す【わたす】 • ① to ferry across (a river, etc.), to carry across, to traverse ② to lay across, to build across ③ to hand over, to hand in, to pass, to give, to transfer

⑤ 渡る【わたる】 • ① to cross over, to go across ② to extend, to cover, to range, to span

⑤ 難しい【むずかしい】 • difficult

⑤ 猫【ねこ】 • ① cat ② shamisen ③ geisha ④ wheelbarrow ⑤ clay bed-warmer

⑤ 薄い【うすい】 • ① thin ② pale, light ③ watery, dilute, sparse ④ weak (taste, etc.) ⑤ slim (probability, etc.), small

⑤ 彼【かれ】 • ① he, him ② boyfriend

⑤ 彼ら【かれら】 • they (usually male), them

⑤ 彼女【かのじょ】 • ① she, her ② girl friend, girlfriend, sweetheart

⑤ 疲れる【つかれる】 • ① to get tired, to tire ② to be worn out (e.g. of well used objects)

⑤ 必要【ひつよう】 • ① necessary, needed, essential, indispensable ② necessity, need, requirement

⑤ 封筒【ふうとう】 • envelope

⑤ 並ぶ【ならぶ】 • ① to line up, to stand in a line ② to rival, to match, to equal

⑤ 並べる【ならべる】 • ① to line up, to set up ② to enumerate, to itemize

⑤ 閉める【しめる】 • to close, to shut

⑤ 忘れる【わすれる】 • to forget, to leave carelessly, to be forgetful of, to forget about, to forget (an article)

⑤ 忙しい【いそがしい】 • busy, hectic, occupied, engaged

⑤ 磨く【みがく】 • ① to polish, to shine, to brush (e.g. teeth) ② to refine, to improve

⑤ 枚【まい】 • counter for flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper)

⑤ 要る【いる】 • to need

⑤ 頼む【たのむ】 • ① to request, to beg, to ask ② to call, to order, to reserve ③ to entrust to ④ to rely on

⑤ 卵【たまご】 • ① eggs, egg, spawn, roe ② hen egg ③ (an expert) in the making

⑤ 冷蔵庫【れいぞうこ】 • refrigerator

⑤ ころ • ① (approximate) time, around, about, toward ② suitable time (or condition) ③ time of year, season

⑤ いいえ • ① no, nay ② well, er, why

⑤ 降りる【おりる】 • ① to alight (e.g. from bus), to get off, to disembark, to dismount ② to quit, to withdraw, to pull back (from a position, a job) ③ to form (of frost, dew, mist, etc.)

⑤ 椅子【いす】 • ① chair ② post, office, position

⑤ 鞄【かばん】 • bag, satchel, briefcase, basket

⑤ 鍵【かぎ】 • ① key ② lock

⑤ 撮る【とる】 • to take (a photo), to make (a film)

⑤ 大丈夫【だいじょうぶ】 • safe, all right, OK, okay

⑤ 脱ぐ【ぬぐ】 • to take off (clothes, shoes, etc.), to undress

⑤ 誰【だれ】 • who

⑤ 箸【はし】 • chopsticks

⑤ 僕【ぼく】 • ① I, me ② you (used addressing young children) ③ manservant

⑤ 立派【りっぱ】 • splendid, fine, handsome, elegant, imposing, prominent, legal, legitimate

⑤ 隣【となり】 • neighbor (neighbour), next to (esp. living next door to)

⑤ なぜ • why, how

⑤ 嫌【いや】 • disagreeable, detestable, unpleasant, reluctant

⑤ 煙草【たばこ】 • tobacco, cigarettes

⑤ 良い【よい】 • ① good, excellent, fine, nice, pleasant, agreeable ② sufficient (can be used to turn down an offer), ready, prepared ③ profitable (e.g. deal, business offer, etc.), beneficial ④ OK

⑤ あそこ • ① there (place physically distant from both speaker and listener), over there, that place, yonder ② that far (something psychologically distant from both speaker and listener), that much, that point

⑤ あの • that (someone or something distant from both speaker and listener, or situation unfamiliar to both speaker and listener)

⑤ あれ • ① that (indicating something distant from both speaker and listener (in space, time or psychologically), or something understood without naming it directly) ② that person (used to refer to one's equals or inferiors) ③ hey (expression of surprise or suspicion), eh? ④ that (something mentioned before which is distant psychologically or in terms of time)

⑤ こちら • ① this way (direction close to the speaker or towards the speaker), this direction ② here (place close to the speaker or where the speaker is) ③ this one (something physically close to the speaker) ④ I, me ⑤ this person (someone physically close to the speaker and of equal or higher status)

⑤ そして • and, and then, thus, and now

⑤ そちら • ① that way (direction distant from the speaker, close to the listener) ② there (place distant from the speaker, close to the listener) ③ that one (something close to the listener) ④ you, your family ⑤ that person (someone close to the listener)

⑤ その • ① that (something or someone distant from the speaker, close to the listener; actions of the listener, or ideas expressed or understood by the listener), the ② um..., er..., uh...

⑤ それ • ① that (indicating an item or person near the listener, the action of the listener, or something on their mind), it ② that time, then

⑤ それから • and then, after that

⑤ つまらない • ① dull, uninteresting, boring ② insignificant, trifling

⑤ とても • ① very, awfully, exceedingly ② (before a negative form) (not) at all, by no means, simply (cannot)

⑤ どう • how, in what way, how about

⑤ どっち • ① which way, which direction, where ② which one (esp. of two alternatives) ③ who

⑤ どれ • ① which (of three or more) ② whichever, any ③ well, now, let me see

⑤ やる • ① to do ② to have sexual intercourse ③ to kill ④ to give (to inferiors, animals, etc.) ⑤ to do for (inferiors) ⑥ to send (e.g. somebody somewhere), to dispatch (e.g. letter) (despatch) ⑦ to move (something to), to row (a boat) ⑧ (used in place of other verb) to have (eat, drink, smoke), to study, to run or operate (a restaurant)

⑤ する • ① to do ② to cause to become, to make (into), to turn (into) ③ to serve as, to act as, to work as ④ to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.) ⑤ to judge as being, to view as being, to think of as, to treat as, to use as ⑥ to decide on, to choose ⑦ to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) ⑧ to be (in a state, condition, etc.) ⑨ to be worth, to cost ⑩ to pass (of time), to elapse ⑪ verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs") ⑫ creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go") ⑬ to be just about to, to be just starting to, to try to, to attempt to

⑤ ちょっと • ① just a minute, short time, just a little ② somewhat, easily, readily, rather ③ (before a verb in negative form) (will not) easily ④ hey!

⑤ いつ • when, how soon

⑤ いつも • ① always, usually, every time ② never (with neg. verb)

⑤ どちら • ① which way, which direction, where ② which one (esp. of two alternatives) ③ who

⑤ いくつ • ① how many? ② how old?

⑤ くれる • to give, to let one have, to do for one, to be given

⑤ ここ • ① here (place physically close to the speaker, place pointed by the speaker while explaining), this place ② these last (followed by a duration noun and a past sentence: time period before the present time of the speaker) ③ these next ... (followed by a duration noun and a non past sentence: time period after the present time of the speaker), the next ...

⑤ ある • ① to be (usu. of inanimate objects), to exist, to live ② to have ③ to be located ④ to be equipped with ⑤ to happen, to come about

⑤ こと • thing, matter, fact, circumstances, business, reason, experience

⑤ なる • ① to become, to get, to grow, to be, to reach, to attain ② to result in, to prove to be ③ to consist of, to be composed of ④ to succeed, to be complete ⑤ to change into, to be exchanged for ⑥ to play a role ⑦ to be promoted (shogi)

⑤ 石鹸【せっけん】 • soap

⑤ どうして • why?, for what reason, how, in what way, for what purpose, what for

⑤ あちら • ① that way (direction distant from both speaker and listener), over there, yonder ② that one (something physically distant from both speaker and listener, or something not visible but known by both speaker and listener), that ③ that person (someone physically distant from both speaker and listener, or someone not present but known by both speaker and listener) ④ there (place distant from both speaker and listener), over there, foreign country (esp. a Western nation)

⑤ まずい • ① unappetising, unappetizing, unpleasant (taste, appearance, situation) ② unskillful, unskilful, bungling, clumsy ③ ugly, homely, plain, unattractive ④ awkward, untimely, inopportune, unfavorable, unwise

⑤ しかし • however, but

⑤ また • again, and, also, still (doing something)

⑤ まだ • ① as yet, hitherto, still ② not yet (with negative verb)

⑤ もちろん • of course, certainly, naturally

⑤ どこ • ① where, what place ② how much (long, far), what extent

⑤ この • this (something or someone close to the speaker (including the speaker), or ideas expressed by the speaker)

⑤ きれい • ① pretty, lovely, beautiful, fair ② clean, clear, pure, tidy, neat ③ completely, entirely

⑤ よう • ① (usu. after the -masu stem of a verb) appearing ..., looking ... ② (usu. after the -masu stem of a verb) way to ..., method of ...ing ③ (usu. after a noun) form, style, design ④ (usu. after a noun) like, similar to ⑤ thing (thought or spoken)

⑤ つける • to turn on, to switch on, to light up

⑤ どの • which, what (way)

⑤ もう一度【もういちど】 • once more, again

⑤ そこ • ① there (place relatively near listener) ② there (place just mentioned), that place ③ then (of some incident just spoken of), that (of point just raised)

⑤ これ • ① this (indicating an item near the speaker, the action of the speaker, or the current topic) ② this person (usu. indicating someone in one's in-group) ③ now

④ あんな • such (about something or someone distant from both speaker and listener, or about a situation unfamiliar to both speaker and listener), so, that, sort of

④ いらっしゃる • ① to come, to go, to be (somewhere) ② (after a -te form, or the particle "de") is (doing), are (doing)

④ うん • ① yeah, uh huh ② some (at the start of a number in place of a digit)

④ さっき • some time ago

④ すっかり • all, completely, thoroughly

④ だから • so, therefore

④ ちゃん • suffix for familiar person

④ はっきり • clearly, plainly, distinctly

④ そろそろ • ① gradually, steadily, quietly, slowly ② soon, momentarily, before long, any time now

④ 上がる【あがる】 • ① to rise, to go up, to come up, to ascend, to be raised ② to enter (esp. from outdoors), to come in, to go in ③ to enter (a school), to advance to the next grade ④ to get out (of water), to come ashore ⑤ to increase ⑥ to improve, to make progress ⑦ to be promoted, to advance ⑧ to be made (of profit, etc.) ⑨ to occur (esp. of a favourable result) ⑩ to be adequate (to cover expenses, etc.) ⑪ to be finished, to be done, to be over ⑫ (of rain) to stop, to lift ⑬ to stop (working properly), to cut out, to give out, to die ⑭ to win (in a card game, etc.) ⑮ to be arrested ⑯ to turn up (of evidence, etc.) ⑰ to be deep fried ⑱ to be spoken loudly ⑲ to get stage fright ⑳ to be offered (to the gods, etc.) ○ to go, to visit ○ to eat, to drink ○ to be listed (as a candidate) ○ to serve (in one's master's home) ○ (in Kyoto) to go north ○ (after the -masu stem of a verb) indicates completion

④ 日本【にっぽん】 • Japan

④ アルバイト • ① part-time job, side job ② albite

④ カーテン • curtain, curtains

④ コンサート • concert

④ ステレオ • stereo

④ タイプ • ① type, kind, sort, style ② typewriter, typing

④ ビル • ① building ② bill

④ プレゼント • ① present, gift ② to give a present or gift

④ ベル • ① bell ② bel, B

④ 以外【いがい】 • with the exception of, excepting

④ 以上【いじょう】 • ① not less than, ... and more, ... and upwards ② beyond ... (e.g. one's means), further (e.g. nothing further to say), more than ... (e.g. cannot pay more than that) ③ above-mentioned, foregoing ④ since ..., seeing that ... ⑤ this is all, that is the end, the end

④ 意見【いけん】 • opinion, view

④ 員【いん】 • member

④ 運ぶ【はこぶ】 • ① to carry, to transport, to move, to convey ② to come, to go ③ to wield (a tool, etc.), to use ④ to go (well, etc.), to proceed, to progress

④ 運転【うんてん】 • operation, motion, driving

④ 運動【うんどう】 • motion, exercise

④ 遠く【とおく】 • far away, distant, at a distance, distant place, by far

④ 屋上【おくじょう】 • rooftop

④ 下げる【さげる】 • to hang, to lower, to move back, to wear, to dismiss, to grant

④ 下さる【くださる】 • to give, to confer

④ 下着【したぎ】 • underwear

④ 火【ひ】 • fire, flame, blaze

④ 会話【かいわ】 • conversation

④ 開く【ひらく】 • ① to open (e.g. a bank-account, festival, etc.) ② to spread out, to open up (flower bud, umbrella, etc.), to widen (gap, distance, width) ③ to hold, to give (party, conference, etc.)

④ 楽しむ【たのしむ】 • to enjoy oneself

④ 間に合う【まにあう】 • ① to be in time for ② to serve (suit, meet) the purpose, to be good enough, to be enough

④ 気【き】 • ① spirit, mind, heart ② nature, disposition ③ motivation, intention ④ mood, feelings ⑤ atmosphere, essence

④ 気分【きぶん】 • feeling, mood

④ 起こす【おこす】 • to raise, to cause, to wake someone

④ 急【きゅう】 • ① urgent, sudden, abrupt ② sharp, steep, precipitous ③ rapid, swift, fast ④ emergency, crisis ⑤ hurrying, haste ⑥ (in gagaku or noh) end of a song

④ 急ぐ【いそぐ】 • to hurry, to rush, to hasten, to make something happen sooner

④ 空気【くうき】 • air, atmosphere

④ 計画【けいかく】 • plan, project, schedule, scheme, program, programme

④ 見える【みえる】 • ① to be seen, to be in sight ② to look, to seem, to appear ③ to come

④ 高校【こうこう】 • senior high school

④ 高校生【こうこうせい】 • senior high school student

④ 合う【あう】 • ① to come together, to merge, to unite, to meet ② to fit, to match, to suit, to agree with, to be correct ③ to be profitable, to be equitable ④ (after the -masu stem of a verb) to do ... to each other, to do ... together

④ 今度【こんど】 • now, this time, next time, another time

④ 今夜【こんや】 • this evening, tonight

④ 始める【はじめる】 • ① to start, to begin, to commence, to initiate, to originate ② to open (e.g. a store), to start up, to establish (business. etc.) ③ to start (doing something), to begin to ...

④ 子【こ】 • ① child ② young (animal) ③ young woman, young geisha ④ offshoot ⑤ interest ⑥ new shares ⑦ (after a noun or -masu stem) -er (often of young women)

④ 思い出す【おもいだす】 • to recall, to remember

④ 止める【とめる】 • ① to stop (something or someone), to turn off ② to concentrate on, to pay attention to ③ to remember, to bear in mind ④ to fix into place ⑤ to park, to leave somewhere for a time

④ 止める【やめる】 • to end, to stop, to cease, to resign

④ 試験【しけん】 • examination, test, study, trial, experiment

④ 時代【じだい】 • ① period, epoch, era, age ② the times, those days ③ oldness, ancientness, antiquity ④ antique, period piece

④ 社会【しゃかい】 • society, public

④ 集める【あつめる】 • to collect, to assemble, to gather

④ 十分【じゅうぶん】 • ① plenty, enough, sufficient, satisfactory, adequate ② division into ten ③ perfectly, thoroughly, fully, in full

④ 小学校【しょうがっこう】 • primary school, elementary school, grade school

④ 小説【しょうせつ】 • novel, (short) story

④ 少年【しょうねん】 • boys, juveniles

④ 場合【ばあい】 • case, situation

④ 食事【しょくじ】 • ① meal ② to eat

④ 心【こころ】 • ① mind, heart, spirit ② the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)

④ 親切【しんせつ】 • kindness, gentleness

④ 世界【せかい】 • the world, society, the universe

④ 正しい【ただしい】 • right, just, correct, righteous, honest, truthful, proper, straightforward, perfect

④ 生きる【いきる】 • to live, to exist

④ 説明【せつめい】 • explanation, exposition

④ 送る【おくる】 • ① to send (a thing), to dispatch, to despatch ② to take or escort (a person somewhere), to see off (a person) ③ to bid farewell (to the departed), to bury ④ to spend (time), to live one's life ⑤ to pass (down the line) ⑥ to affix okurigana

④ 足す【たす】 • ① to add (numbers) ② to add (something), to top up (with something) ③ to take care of (e.g. one's business)

④ 足りる【たりる】 • ① to be sufficient, to be enough ② to be worth doing, to be worthy ③ to be sufficient, to answer, to do

④ 村【むら】 • village

④ 大事【だいじ】 • important, valuable, serious matter

④ 中学校【ちゅうがっこう】 • junior high school, middle school, lower secondary school

④ 注意【ちゅうい】 • caution, being careful, attention (heed), warning, advice

④ 通う【かよう】 • ① to go back and forth, to ply between ② to commute, to attend (school, church, etc.)

④ 通り【とおり】 • avenue, street, way

④ 通る【とおる】 • to pass (by), to go through, to walk along, to pass exams, to attend (e.g. school)

④ 店員【てんいん】 • shop assistant, employee, clerk, salesperson

④ 都合【つごう】 • circumstances, condition, convenience

④ 答え【こたえ】 • response, reply, answer, solution

④ 動く【うごく】 • ① to move, to stir, to shift, to shake, to swing ② to operate, to run, to go, to work ③ to be touched, to be influenced ④ to change, to vary, to fluctuate, to waver ⑤ certain, factual ⑥ to be transferred

④ 特別【とくべつ】 • special

④ 日【ひ】 • ① day, days ② sun, sunshine, sunlight ③ case (esp. unfortunate), event

④ 品物【しなもの】 • goods, article, thing

④ 文学【ぶんがく】 • literature

④ 別【べつ】 • distinction, difference, different, another, particular, separate, extra, exception

④ 味【あじ】 • ① flavor, flavour, taste ② charm, style ③ experience ④ smart, clever, witty, strange

④ 用【よう】 • ① task, business ② use, duty, service ③ call of nature, excretion

④ 用意【ようい】 • preparation

④ 用事【ようじ】 • tasks, things to do, errand, business (to take care of), affairs, engagement

④ 立てる【たてる】 • ① to stand (something) up, to erect (something) ② to make (a noise, a sound) ③ to put (tooth, claw, pointed object) to ④ to set (a plan, etc.), to decide (objective, schedule)

④ 力【ちから】 • ① force, strength, might, vigour (vigor), energy ② capability, ability, proficiency, capacity, faculty ③ efficacy, effect ④ effort, endeavours (endeavors), exertions ⑤ power, authority, influence, good offices, agency ⑥ support, help, aid, assistance ⑦ stress, emphasis ⑧ means, resources

④ 一度【いちど】 • ① once, one time, on one occasion ② temporarily, for a moment ③ one degree, one tone, one musical interval

④ 音【おと】 • ① sound, noise, report ② note (music) ③ fame

④ 工場【こうじょう】 • factory, plant, mill, workshop

④ 行く【ゆく】 • ① to go ② to proceed, to take place ③ to die, to pass away ④ to continue

④ 空く【あく】 • ① to be empty ② to be vacant, to be available, to be free

④ 下りる【おりる】 • ① to descend (e.g. a mountain), to climb down, to go down, to come down ② to be granted, to be issued, to be given ③ to be discharged, to be passed (from the body; i.e. of a roundworm)

④ 代わり【かわり】 • ① substitute, deputy, proxy, alternate, relief, compensation, second helping ② in place of, as a substitute for

④ 聞こえる【きこえる】 • ① to be heard, to be audible ② to be said to be, to be reputed

④ 気持ち【きもち】 • feeling, sensation, mood

④ 首【くび】 • ① neck ② head ③ unemployed person

④ 仕方【しかた】 • way, method, means, resource, course

④ 回る【まわる】 • ① to turn, to revolve ② to visit several places ③ to function well ④ to pass a certain time

④ 見つかる【みつかる】 • to be found, to be discovered

④ 見つける【みつける】 • ① to discover, to find (e.g. an error in a book), to come across, to detect ② to locate, to find (e.g. something missing), to find fault ③ to be used to seeing, to be familiar with

④ 別れる【わかれる】 • to be divided, to part from, to separate, to bid farewell

④ 代【だい】 • ① charge, cost, price ② generation, age, reign ③ (geological) era ④ (after someone's name or title) a representative of, on behalf of, for (someone) ⑤ used after a phone number to indicate that it is a switchboard number ⑥ counter for decades of ages, eras, etc. ⑦ counter for generations (of inheritors to a throne, etc.) ⑧ proxy application company

④ 安全【あんぜん】 • ① safety ② security

④ 育てる【そだてる】 • to raise, to rear, to bring up

④ 雲【くも】 • cloud

④ 客【きゃく】 • ① guest, visitor ② customer, client, shopper, spectator, audience, tourist, sightseer, passenger

④ 近所【きんじょ】 • neighbourhood, neighborhood

④ 君【くん】 • Mr (junior), master, boy

④ 決して【けっして】 • never, by no means, decidedly, indisputably

④ 決める【きめる】 • to decide

④ 血【ち】 • blood, consanguinity

④ 交通【こうつう】 • communication, transportation, traffic, intercourse

④ 光【ひかり】 • light

④ 光る【ひかる】 • to shine, to glitter, to be bright

④ 細かい【こまかい】 • ① small ② fine, minute ③ minor, trivial ④ sensitive, attentive

④ 参る【まいる】 • ① to go, to come, to call ② to be defeated, to collapse, to die ③ to be annoyed, to be nonplussed ④ to be madly in love ⑤ to visit (shrine, grave)

④ 残る【のこる】 • to remain, to be left

④ 市【し】 • city

④ 指【ゆび】 • finger, toe, digit

④ 糸【いと】 • thread, yarn, string

④ 歯医者【はいしゃ】 • dentist

④ 自由【じゆう】 • freedom, liberty, as it pleases you

④ 受ける【うける】 • ① to receive, to accept, to get, to inherit ② to catch (e.g. a ball), to parry (e.g. a blow), to take (lesson, test, damage), to sustain (damage), to incur (loss) ③ to become popular, to be well-received, to go down well

④ 拾う【ひろう】 • to pick up, to find, to gather

④ 場所【ばしょ】 • ① place, location, spot, position ② room, space ③ basho (sumo wrestling tournament)

④ 心配【しんぱい】 • ① worry, concern, anxiety ② care, help, aid, assistance

④ 深い【ふかい】 • deep, profound, thick, close

④ 申す【もうす】 • to be called, to say

④ 進む【すすむ】 • ① to advance, to go forward ② to precede, to go ahead (of) ③ to make progress, to improve ④ to deepen, to heighten ⑤ to do of one's own free will

④ 数学【すうがく】 • mathematics, arithmetic

④ 星【ほし】 • ① star, any light-emitting (or reflecting) heavenly body (except for the sun and the moon) ② suspect (police slang)

④ 生活【せいかつ】 • living, life (one's daily existence), livelihood

④ 製【せい】 • -made, make

④ 昔【むかし】 • olden days, former

④ 石【いし】 • ① stone ② gem, jewel

④ 線【せん】 • line (also telephone, railway), wire, beam

④ 打つ【うつ】 • ① to hit (something inanimate), to strike, to beat (on something) ② to type, to tap (e.g. a key) ③ to inject ④ to indulge in gambling ⑤ to visit (on a pilgrimage)

④ 虫【むし】 • insect, bug, cricket, moth, worm

④ 調べる【しらべる】 • to examine, to investigate, to check up, to sense, to study, to inquire, to search

④ 点【てん】 • ① spot, mark ② point, dot ③ mark (e.g. in exam), score, points ④ counter for goods or items

④ 伝える【つたえる】 • to convey, to report, to transmit, to communicate, to tell, to impart, to propagate, to teach, to bequeath

④ 道具【どうぐ】 • implement, tool, means

④ 反対【はんたい】 • opposition, resistance, antagonism, hostility, contrast, objection, dissension, reverse, opposite, vice versa

④ 番組【ばんぐみ】 • program (e.g. TV), programme

④ 美しい【うつくしい】 • beautiful, lovely

④ 返事【へんじ】 • reply, answer, response

④ 放送【ほうそう】 • broadcast, broadcasting

④ 無理【むり】 • unreasonable, impossible, overdoing

④ 役に立つ【やくにたつ】 • to be helpful, to be useful

④ 遊び【あそび】 • ① playing ② play (margin between on and off, gap before pressing button or lever has an effect)

④ 予定【よてい】 • plans, arrangement, schedule, program, programme, expectation, estimate

④ 葉【は】 • leaf

④ 落ちる【おちる】 • ① to fall down, to drop ② to fail (e.g. exam) ③ to crash, to degenerate, to degrade ④ to fade, to come out (e.g. a stain)

④ 理由【りゆう】 • reason, pretext, motive

④ 両方【りょうほう】 • both sides, both parties

④ 礼【れい】 • thanking, expression of gratitude

④ 選ぶ【えらぶ】 • to choose, to select

④ 落とす【おとす】 • ① to drop, to lose, to let fall ② to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.), to remove (e.g. stains) ③ to download

④ 決まる【きまる】 • ① to be decided, to be settled ② to look good in (clothes)

④ 確か【たしか】 • ① certain, sure, definite ② if I'm not mistaken, if I remember correctly

④ 直す【なおす】 • ① to cure, to heal ② to fix, to correct, to repair ③ to do over again (after -masu base of verb) ④ to replace, to put back as it was ⑤ to convert (into a different state), to transform

④ 船【ふね】 • ① ship, boat, watercraft, vessel, steamship ② tank, tub, vat, trough ③ counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)

④ 向かう【むかう】 • ① to face ② to go towards

④ 案内【あんない】 • ① information, guidance, leading ② to guide, to show (around), to conduct

④ 一杯【いっぱい】 • ① amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. a cupful, spoonful, etc.), a drink (i.e. an alcoholic beverage) ② full ③ one squid, octopus, crab, etc., one boat ④ fully, to capacity ⑤ a lot, much ⑥ all of ..., the entire ...

④ 汚れる【よごれる】 • ① to get dirty, to become dirty ② to become sullied

④ 過ぎる【すぎる】 • ① to pass through, to pass by, to go beyond ② to pass (i.e. of time), to elapse ③ to have expired, to have ended, to be over ④ to exceed, to surpass, to be above ⑤ to be no more than ... ⑥ (often used after adjective stems or the -masu stems of verbs) to be excessive, to be too much, to be too ...

④ 会議【かいぎ】 • meeting, conference, session, assembly, council, convention, congress

④ 乾く【かわく】 • to get dry

④ 慣れる【なれる】 • ① to grow accustomed to, to get too familiar with ② to become domesticated, to become tame

④ 簡単【かんたん】 • simple

④ 間違える【まちがえる】 • ① to make a mistake (in), to commit an error (e.g. in calculation) ② to confuse, to mistake something for something else

④ 関係【かんけい】 • relation, connection

④ 危険【きけん】 • ① danger, peril, hazard ② dangerous, hazardous

④ 喜ぶ【よろこぶ】 • ① to be delighted, to be glad, to be pleased ② to congratulate ③ to gratefully accept

④ 寄る【よる】 • to visit, to drop in, to approach

④ 機会【きかい】 • chance, opportunity

④ 機械【きかい】 • ① machine, mechanism ② instrument, appliance, apparatus

④ 季節【きせつ】 • season

④ 規則【きそく】 • rules, regulations, conventions

④ 技術【ぎじゅつ】 • art, craft, technique, technology, engineering, skill

④ 隅【すみ】 • corner, nook, recess

④ 経験【けいけん】 • experience

④ 迎える【むかえる】 • ① to go out to meet ② to receive, to welcome ③ to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family) ④ to call for, to summon, to invite ⑤ to approach (a certain time, a point in one's life, etc.)

④ 砂【すな】 • sand, grit

④ 最後【さいご】 • ① last, end, conclusion ② (after -tara form or -ta form followed by "ga") no sooner than, right after (often having negative consequences)

④ 最初【さいしょ】 • beginning, outset, first, onset

④ 妻【つま】 • ① wife ② garnish (esp. one served with sashimi) ③ embellishment

④ 済む【すむ】 • ① to finish, to end, to be completed ② to merely result in something less severe than expected ③ to feel at ease ④ (neg) to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone, to be sorry

④ 残念【ざんねん】 • deplorable, bad luck, regret, disappointment

④ 事故【じこ】 • ① accident, incident, trouble ② circumstances, reasons

④ 事務所【じむしょ】 • office

④ 似る【にる】 • to resemble, to be similar

④ 失敗【しっぱい】 • failure, mistake, blunder

④ 失礼【しつれい】 • ① discourtesy, impoliteness ② Excuse me, Goodbye ③ to leave ④ to be rude

④ 捨てる【すてる】 • to throw away, to cast aside, to abandon, to resign, to break up with (someone)

④ 取り替える【とりかえる】 • to exchange, to replace

④ 習慣【しゅうかん】 • custom, habit, manners

④ 柔道【じゅうどう】 • judo

④ 準備【じゅんび】 • preparation, setup, arrangements, provision, reserve

④ 女性【じょせい】 • ① woman, female ② feminine gender

④ 将来【しょうらい】 • future (usually near), prospects

④ 承知【しょうち】 • ① acknowledgment, acknowledgement, awareness ② consent, acceptance, assent, admitting, compliance, agreement

④ 笑う【わらう】 • ① to laugh ② to smile ③ to sneer, to ridicule

④ 紹介【しょうかい】 • introduction, referral

④ 席【せき】 • ① seat ② location (of a gathering, etc.), place ③ position, post

④ 赤ん坊【あかんぼう】 • baby

④ 折る【おる】 • to break, to fold, to pick flowers

④ 折れる【おれる】 • to break, to be folded, to give in, to turn (a corner)

④ 祖父【そふ】 • ① grandfather ② old man ③ kyogen mask used for the role of an old man

④ 続く【つづく】 • ① to continue, to last, to go on ② to be unbroken ③ to occur again and again ④ to lead to, to connect to

④ 続ける【つづける】 • to continue, to keep up, to keep on

④ 卒業【そつぎょう】 • graduation, completion (e.g. of a course)

④ 地震【じしん】 • earthquake

④ 珍しい【めずらしい】 • ① unusual, rare, curious ② new, novel ③ fine (e.g. gift)

④ 適当【てきとう】 • ① suitable, adequate, relevant, appropriate, fit ② random, halfhearted, on the spot, whatever works

④ 塗る【ぬる】 • to paint, to plaster, to lacquer, to varnish, to spread, to smear

④ 怒る【おこる】 • ① to get angry, to get mad ② to tell someone off, to scold ③ to be angular, to be square

④ 盗む【ぬすむ】 • to steal

④ 熱【ねつ】 • fever, temperature

④ 背中【せなか】 • back (of body)

④ 髪【かみ】 • hair (on the head)

④ 比べる【くらべる】 • ① to compare, to make a comparison ② to compete, to vie

④ 普通【ふつう】 • ① general, ordinary, usual ② normally, generally, usually ③ train that stops at every station

④ 複雑【ふくざつ】 • complex, complicated

④ 払う【はらう】 • ① to pay ② to brush, to wipe

④ 壁【かべ】 • ① wall, barrier ② Chinese "Wall" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)

④ 変【へん】 • ① strange, odd, peculiar, weird, curious, queer, eccentric, funny, suspicious, fishy ② unexpected ③ change ④ incident, disturbance, disaster, accident ⑤ flat (music)

④ 変える【かえる】 • to change, to alter, to vary, to convert, to revise, to amend, to transform

④ 変わる【かわる】 • to change, to be transformed, to vary, to be revised, to be different, to move location

④ 暮れる【くれる】 • to get dark, to end, to come to an end, to close, to run out

④ 法律【ほうりつ】 • law

④ 眠る【ねむる】 • ① to sleep (not necessarily lying down) ② to die

④ 夢【ゆめ】 • dream

④ 娘【むすめ】 • ① (my) daughter ② girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)

④ 戻る【もどる】 • to turn back, to return, to go back, to recover, to rebound

④ 約束【やくそく】 • ① arrangement, promise, appointment, pact, engagement ② convention, rule

④ 優しい【やさしい】 • tender, kind, gentle, graceful, affectionate, amiable, suave

④ 予約【よやく】 • ① reservation, appointment, booking, advance order ② contract, subscription, pledge

④ 裏【うら】 • ① bottom (or another side that is hidden from view), undersurface, opposite side, reverse side ② rear, back, behind (the house) ③ lining, inside ④ out of sight, behind the scenes ⑤ proof ⑥ opposite (of a prediction, common sense, etc.) ⑦ inverse (of a hypothesis, etc.) ⑧ bottom (of an inning), last half (of an inning)

④ 歴史【れきし】 • history

④ 連絡【れんらく】 • ① to contact, to get in touch ② contacting, getting in touch, communication, call, message ③ connection, coordination, junction ④ intercalary, intercalaris, internuncial

④ 途中【とちゅう】 • ① on the way, en route ② in the middle of, midway

④ 包む【つつむ】 • ① to wrap up, to tuck in, to pack, to do up, to cover with, to dress in ② to conceal, to hide, to be engulfed in, to be enveloped by

④ 遅れる【おくれる】 • to be late, to be delayed, to fall behind schedule, to be overdue

④ 探す【さがす】 • to search (for something desired, needed), to look for

④ 捕まえる【つかまえる】 • to catch, to arrest, to seize

④ 柔らかい【やわらかい】 • soft, tender, limp

④ 背【せ】 • ① back, spine ② reverse, rear side ③ height ④ ridge (of a mountain)

④ 挨拶【あいさつ】 • ① greeting, greetings, salutation, salute ② speech (congratulatory or appreciative), address ③ reply, response ④ a fine thing to say (used as part of a sarcastic response to a rude remark) ⑤ (orig. meaning) dialoging (with another Zen practitioner to ascertain their level of enlightenment)

④ 嘘【うそ】 • lie, falsehood, incorrect fact

④ 滑る【すべる】 • ① to glide, to slide (e.g. on skis), to slip ② to bomb (when telling a joke)

④ 噛む【かむ】 • ① to bite, to chew, to gnaw ② to fumble or falter with one's words

④ 嬉しい【うれしい】 • happy, glad, pleasant

④ 興味【きょうみ】 • interest (in something)

④ 鏡【かがみ】 • mirror

④ 驚く【おどろく】 • to be surprised, to be astonished

④ 厳しい【きびしい】 • ① severe, strict, rigid, unsparing, relentless ② stern, austere, grave, solemn, majestic ③ intense (cold)

④ 故障【こしょう】 • break-down, failure, fault, accident, out of order

④ 講義【こうぎ】 • lecture

④ 謝る【あやまる】 • to apologize, to apologise

④ 邪魔【じゃま】 • hindrance, intrusion

④ 尋ねる【たずねる】 • ① to ask, to enquire, to inquire ② to search, to look for, to look into, to investigate

④ 素晴らしい【すばらしい】 • wonderful, splendid, magnificent

④ 駄目【だめ】 • useless, no good, hopeless

④ 丁寧【ていねい】 • polite, courteous, careful, care, kind, close, thorough, conscientious

④ 踏む【ふむ】 • ① to step on, to tread on ② to experience, to undergo ③ to estimate, to value, to appraise ④ to rhyme ⑤ to follow (rules, morals, principles, etc.)

④ 濡れる【ぬれる】 • to get wet

④ 漫画【まんが】 • comic, cartoon

④ 揺れる【ゆれる】 • to shake, to sway

④ 包む【くるむ】 • to wrap up, to tuck in, to pack, to do up, to cover with, to dress in

④ 我々【われわれ】 • we

④ きっと • surely, undoubtedly, almost certainly, most likely (e.g. 90 percent)

④ こう • ① in this way (used for something or someone close to the speaker, including the speaker himself, or for the opinions of the speaker), thus, such ② uh... (interjection used as a verbal pause)

④ これから • after this

④ それで • and, thereupon, because of that

④ それに • besides, moreover

④ それほど • to that degree, extent

④ ちっとも • not at all (neg. verb)

④ もし • if, in case, supposing

④ やはり • also, as I thought, still, in spite of, absolutely, of course

④ おかしい • strange, funny, amusing, ridiculous

④ しばらく • ① little while, short while, moment, instant ② a while, quite a time ③ it's been a long time

④ しまう • to finish, to close, to do something completely, to put away, to put an end to

④ すごい • ① terrible, dreadful ② amazing (e.g. of strength), great (e.g. of skills), wonderful, terrific ③ to a great extent, vast (in numbers)

④ つもり • ① intention, plan ② conviction, belief

④ ぶつ • to hit (a person), to strike, to beat

④ はず • ① expectation that something took place, will take place or was in some state, it should be so, bound to be, expected to be, must be ② nock (of a bow) ③ nock (of an arrow) ④ nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger) (Sumo)

④ もらう • ① to receive, to take, to accept ② to get somebody to do something (follows a verb in "te" form)

④ わけ • conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard, reason, cause, meaning, circumstances, situation

④ まま • ① as it is, as one likes, because, as ② condition, state

④ しっかり • firmly, tightly, reliable, level-headed, steady

④ なかなか • ① very, considerably, easily, readily, fairly, quite, highly, rather ② by no means (with negative verb)

④ のど • ① throat ② singing voice

④ ひどい • cruel, awful, severe, very bad, serious, terrible, heavy, violent

④ 痩せる【やせる】 • ① to become thin, to lose weight, to reduce (one's) weight, to slim ② to be barren, to be infertile, to be sterile

④ たまに • occasionally, once in a while

③ お前【おまえ】 • ① you (masc) (formerly honorific, now sometimes derog. term referring to an equal or inferior) ② presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)

③ がっかり • feel disappointed, dejected, lose heart, feel emotionally drained, feel let down

③ きつい • ① intense, severe, hard ② determined, forceful, formidable ③ strong ④ tight, close

③ こっそり • stealthily, secretly

③ こんなに • so, like this, in this way

③ しつこい • insistent, obstinate

③ じっと • ① motionlessly ② fixedly (e.g. of staring) ③ patiently ④ firmly (e.g. hold), restrained

③ すると • thereupon, hereupon

③ ずっと • ① continuously in some state (for a long time, distance), throughout, all along, the whole time, all the way ② much (better, etc.), by far, far and away ③ far away, long ago ④ direct, straight

③ そっくり • all, altogether, entirely, just like, the spitting image of

③ そっと • softly, gently, quietly, secretly

③ たっぷり • full, in plenty, ample

③ だらけ • ① implying (negatively) that something is full of (e.g. mistakes) ② covered all over (e.g. with blood)

③ ちゃんと • perfectly, properly, exactly

③ だって • ① after all, because ② but, however ③ even, even if ④ too, as well, also ⑤ they say, I hear, you mean

③ どうせ • anyhow, in any case, at any rate, after all, at best, at most, at all

③ どんどん • ① drumming (noise) ② rapidly, steadily

③ のんびり • carefree, at leisure

③ ぴったり • exactly, neatly, sharp

③ ぼんやり • absent-minded, blockhead, dim, faint, vague

③ まあ • you might say, Oh!, Wow!, Well!

③ 外す【はずす】 • ① to unfasten, to undo ② to remove, to take off, to deinstall ③ to leave, to step out, to slip away ④ to miss (a target)

③ 外れる【はずれる】 • to be disconnected, to get out of place, to be off, to be out (e.g. of gear)

③ 学ぶ【まなぶ】 • to study (in depth), to learn, to take lessons in

③ 気に入る【きにいる】 • to be pleased with, to suit

③ 金【きん】 • ① gold, golden (color), metaphor for (most) valuable, gold (medal, cup) ② money (written before an amount) ③ Friday ④ metal (fourth of the five elements) ⑤ Jin (dynasty of China; 1115-1234 CE) ⑥ gold general (shogi) ⑦ karat, carat

③ 今にも【いまにも】 • at any time, soon

③ 左右【さゆう】 • ① left and right ② influence, control, domination

③ 週【しゅう】 • week

③ 女子【じょし】 • woman, girl

③ 上【じょう】 • ① from the standpoint of, as a matter of (e.g. fact), in the field of, being of the type of ② aboard (a ship or vehicle), on top of, on, above ③ first volume (e.g. book) ④ superior quality, best, top, high class ⑤ going up ⑥ governmental, imperial ⑦ presenting, showing

③ 人間【にんげん】 • ① human being, man, person ② character (of a person)

③ 人気【にんき】 • popularity, popular feeling, business conditions

③ 人生【じんせい】 • (human) life (i.e. conception to death)

③ 生【なま】 • ① raw, uncooked, fresh ② natural, unedited, unprocessed, crude ③ live (i.e. not recorded) ④ inexperienced, unpolished, green ⑤ impudence, sauciness ⑥ unpasteurized beer, draft beer, draught beer ⑦ partially, somewhat, half-, semi-

③ 生じる【しょうじる】 • ① to produce, to yield ② to result from, to arise, to be generated

③ 大半【たいはん】 • majority, mostly, generally

③ 中学【ちゅうがく】 • middle school, junior high school

③ 長【ちょう】 • chief, head

③ 年間【ねんかん】 • year (period of)

③ 年生【ねんせい】 • pupil in ... year, student in ... year

③ 半ば【なかば】 • middle, half, semi, halfway, partly

③ 分ける【わける】 • to divide, to separate, to make distinctions, to differentiate (between)

③ 本人【ほんにん】 • the person himself

③ 本来【ほんらい】 • ① originally, primarily ② essentially, naturally, by nature, in (and of) itself ③ proper, legal

③ 名【な】 • name, reputation

③ 話しかける【はなしかける】 • to accost a person, to talk (to someone)

③ 行き【いき】 • ① bound for ... ② going (to)

③ 食う【くう】 • ① to eat ② to live, to make a living, to survive ③ to bite, to sting (as insects do) ④ to tease, to torment, to taunt, to make light of, to make fun of ⑤ to encroach on, to eat into, to consume ⑥ to defeat a superior, to threaten a position ⑦ to consume time and-or resources ⑧ to have sexual relations with a woman, esp. for the first time

③ 見つめる【みつめる】 • to stare at, to gaze at, to look hard at, to watch intently, to fix one's eyes on

③ 中【ちゅう】 • ① medium, average, middle ② moderation ③ middle school ④ China ⑤ in, out of (e.g. three out of ten people) ⑥ during (a certain time when one did or is doing something), under (construction, etc.), while

③ にっこり • smile sweetly, smile, grin

③ そんなに • so much, so, like that

③ 社【しゃ】 • ① company, association, society ② regional Chinese god of the earth (or a village built in its honour) ③ counter for companies, shrines, etc.

③ みたい • -like, sort of, similar to, resembling

③ 間【かん】 • ① interval, period of time ② among, between, inter-

③ 大【だい】 • ① the large part of ② big, large, great ③ approximate size, no larger than ④ -university ⑤ large (e.g. serving size), loud (e.g. volume setting)

③ なんて • ① such as, (things) like ② exclamation

③ 意外【いがい】 • unexpected, surprising

③ 意思【いし】 • intention, purpose

③ 一方【いっぽう】 • ① one (esp. of two), the other, one way, the other way, one direction, the other direction, one side, the other side, one party, the other party ② on the one hand, on the other hand ③ whereas, although, but at the same time, meanwhile, in turn ④ (after noun, adjective-stem or plain verb) just keeps, being inclined to ..., tending to be ..., tending to do ..., continuously ..., just keeps on ...ing, only

③ 下がる【さがる】 • to hang down, to abate, to retire, to fall, to step back

③ 歌手【かしゅ】 • singer

③ 楽【らく】 • comfort, ease

③ 起こる【おこる】 • to occur, to happen

③ 去る【さる】 • ① to leave, to go away ② to pass, to elapse ③ to be distant ④ to send away, to drive off, to divorce ⑤ (after a -masu stem, esp. of a suru verb) ... completely ⑥ last ... (e.g. "last April")

③ 空っぽ【からっぽ】 • empty, vacant, hollow

③ 公正【こうせい】 • justice, fairness, impartiality

③ 行動【こうどう】 • action, conduct, behaviour, behavior, mobilization, mobilisation

③ 作家【さっか】 • author, writer, novelist, artist

③ 作業【さぎょう】 • work, operation, manufacturing, fatigue duty

③ 作品【さくひん】 • work (e.g. book, film, composition, etc.), opus, performance, production

③ 持ち上げる【もちあげる】 • to raise, to lift up, to flatter

③ 自ら【みずから】 • for one's self, personally

③ 自動【じどう】 • ① automatic, self-motion ② intransitive verb

③ 室【しつ】 • ① room ② Chinese "Encampment" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)

③ 手間【てま】 • time, labour, labor

③ 手入れ【ていれ】 • ① repairs, maintenance, tending, trimming, grooming ② crackdown, (police) raid

③ 重大【じゅうだい】 • serious, important, significant, grave, weighty

③ 出来事【できごと】 • incident, affair, happening, event

③ 書店【しょてん】 • bookshop, bookstore

③ 親友【しんゆう】 • close friend, bosom (old, intimate) friend, buddy, crony, chum

③ 世の中【よのなか】 • society, the world, the times

③ 世間【せけん】 • world, society

③ 生地【きじ】 • ① cloth, material, texture ② one's true character ③ unglazed pottery ④ uncooked dough, batter

③ 青年【せいねん】 • youth, young man

③ 切れる【きれる】 • ① to cut well, to be sharp ② to break (off), to snap, to wear out ③ to be injured ④ to burst, to collapse ⑤ to be disconnected, to be out of, to expire, to sever (connections) with ⑥ to be shrewd, to have a sharp mind ⑦ to drop under (a certain figure), to beat (e.g. a time) ⑧ to flip, to lose one's temper ⑨ to be able to do completely

③ 多少【たしょう】 • more or less, somewhat, a little, some

③ 台【だい】 • ① stand, rack, table ② support ③ belt ④ counter for machines, incl. vehicles ⑤ setting (e.g. in jewellery)

③ 大会【たいかい】 • convention, tournament, mass meeting, rally

③ 知らせ【しらせ】 • notice, notification

③ 中心【ちゅうしん】 • center, centre, middle, heart, core, focus, pivot, emphasis, balance

③ 注文【ちゅうもん】 • order, request

③ 動かす【うごかす】 • ① to move, to shift, to operate, to set in motion, to mobilize, to mobilise ② to inspire, to rouse, to move (e.g. feeling), to influence ③ to deny, to change

③ 動作【どうさ】 • action, movements, motions, bearing, behaviour, behavior, execution, actuation, operation, manners

③ 年代【ねんだい】 • age, era, period, date

③ 売れる【うれる】 • ① to sell (well) ② to be well known, to be popular, to be famous

③ 発【はつ】 • ① departure, departing (from ...), departing (at time ...) ② beginning ③ issued by (e.g. document) ④ counter for gunshots, counter for blows (punches)

③ 発見【はっけん】 • discovery, detection, finding

③ 病【やまい】 • illness, disease

③ 不安【ふあん】 • anxiety, uneasiness, insecurity, suspense

③ 不足【ふそく】 • insufficiency, shortage, deficiency, lack, dearth

③ 父親【ちちおや】 • father

③ 風【ふう】 • ① method, manner, way, style ② appearance, air ③ tendency ④ folk song (genre of the Shi Jing) ⑤ wind (one of the five elements)

③ 母親【ははおや】 • mother

③ 味わう【あじわう】 • to taste, to savor, to relish

③ 目立つ【めだつ】 • to be conspicuous, to stand out

③ 用心【ようじん】 • care, precaution, guarding, caution

③ 立ち止まる【たちどまる】 • to stop, to halt, to stand still

③ 立ち上がる【たちあがる】 • ① to stand up, to get up ② to rise ③ to recover ④ to take action, to start ⑤ to make the initial charge (in sumo)

③ 立場【たちば】 • standpoint, position, situation

③ 料金【りょうきん】 • fee, charge, fare

③ 力【りょく】 • strength, power

③ 話題【わだい】 • topic, subject

③ 少女【しょうじょ】 • young lady, little girl, virgin, maiden, daughter

③ 注ぐ【そそぐ】 • ① to pour (into), to fill ② to sprinkle on from above, to shed (e.g. tears) ③ to concentrate one's spirit or strength on ④ to fall onto (of rain, snow)

③ 転ぶ【ころぶ】 • to fall down, to fall over

③ 空く【すく】 • ① to become less crowded, to thin out, to get empty ② to be hungry

③ 足元【あしもと】 • ① at one's feet, underfoot ② gait, pace, step ③ you, thou

③ 言う【ゆう】 • ① to say ② to call (i.e. to give a name)

③ 思い出【おもいで】 • memories, recollections, reminiscence

③ 少なくとも【すくなくとも】 • at least

③ 建つ【たつ】 • to be erected, to be built

③ 広がる【ひろがる】 • to spread (out), to extend, to stretch, to reach to, to get around, to fill (e.g. a space)

③ 広げる【ひろげる】 • to spread, to extend, to expand, to enlarge, to widen, to broaden, to unfold, to open, to unroll

③ 不【ふ】 • un-, non-, negative prefix

③ 者【しゃ】 • someone of that nature, someone doing that work

③ 元【もと】 • former, ex-

③ 委員【いいん】 • committee member

③ 育つ【そだつ】 • to be raised (e.g. child), to be brought up, to grow (up)

③ 営業【えいぎょう】 • business, trade, sales, operations

③ 屋根【やね】 • roof

③ 加える【くわえる】 • to append, to sum up, to add (up), to include, to increase, to inflict

③ 回転【かいてん】 • rotation (usu. around something), revolution, turning

③ 確かめる【たしかめる】 • to ascertain, to check, to make sure

③ 確実【かくじつ】 • certainty, reliability, soundness

③ 額【がく】 • ① picture (framed) ② amount or sum (of money)

③ 感じ【かんじ】 • feeling, sense, impression

③ 感じる【かんじる】 • to feel, to sense, to experience

③ 感情【かんじょう】 • emotion, feeling, feelings, sentiment

③ 感心【かんしん】 • admiration, Well done!

③ 丸【まる】 • ① circle ② full (e.g. month, day, etc.) ③ perfection, purity ④ suffix for ship names

③ 岩【いわ】 • rock, crag

③ 期待【きたい】 • expectation, anticipation, hope

③ 記事【きじ】 • article, news story, report, account

③ 記録【きろく】 • ① record, minutes, document ② a record (e.g. in sports), results, score ③ to record, to document ④ to set a record (e.g. in sports), to show a result, to reach a value

③ 逆【ぎゃく】 • ① reverse, opposite ② converse (of a hypothesis, etc.)

③ 逆らう【さからう】 • to go against, to oppose, to disobey, to defy

③ 急速【きゅうそく】 • rapid (e.g. progress)

③ 求める【もとめる】 • to seek, to request, to demand, to want, to wish for, to search for, to pursue (pleasure), to hunt (a job), to buy

③ 強調【きょうちょう】 • emphasis, highlight, stress, stressed point

③ 区別【くべつ】 • distinction, differentiation, classification

③ 苦手【にがて】 • poor (at), weak (in), dislike (of)

③ 型【かた】 • ① model, type (e.g. of machine, goods, etc.) ② type, style, pattern ③ mold (mould), template, model ④ kata (standard form of a movement, posture, etc. in martial arts, sport, etc.) ⑤ form (i.e. customary procedure) ⑥ size (i.e. clothing, shoes)

③ 計算【けいさん】 • ① calculation, reckoning, count ② forecast

③ 欠ける【かける】 • ① to be chipped, to be damaged, to be broken ② to be lacking, to be missing ③ to be insufficient, to be short, to be deficient, to be negligent toward ④ (of the moon) to wane, to go into eclipse

③ 決心【けっしん】 • determination, resolution

③ 県【けん】 • ① prefecture (of Japan) ② county (of China)

③ 語る【かたる】 • to talk, to tell, to recite

③ 向く【むく】 • ① to face ② to turn toward ③ to be suited to, to be fit for

③ 向ける【むける】 • to turn towards, to point

③ 幸い【さいわい】 • happiness, blessedness

③ 考え【かんがえ】 • thinking, thought, ideas, intention

③ 高速【こうそく】 • ① high speed, high gear ② highway, freeway, expressway, motorway

③ 号【ごう】 • ① number, edition, make, model, issue, part of that group ② sobriquet, pen-name

③ 合わせる【あわせる】 • ① to match (rhythm, speed, etc.) ② to join together, to unite, to combine, to add up ③ to face, to be opposite (someone) ④ to compare, to check with ⑤ to cause to meet (e.g. an unpleasant fate) ⑥ to place together, to connect, to overlap ⑦ to mix, to combine ⑧ to put blade to blade, to fight

③ 黒板【こくばん】 • blackboard

③ 今回【こんかい】 • now, this time, lately

③ 根【ね】 • ① root (of a plant) ② root (of a tooth, hair, etc.), center (of a pimple, etc.) ③ root root (of all evil, etc.), source, origin, cause, basis ④ one's true nature ⑤ (fishing) reef

③ 才能【さいのう】 • talent, ability

③ 参加【さんか】 • participation

③ 残り【のこり】 • remnant, residue, remaining, left-over

③ 試す【ためす】 • to attempt, to test, to try out

③ 事実【じじつ】 • fact, truth, reality

③ 事情【じじょう】 • circumstances, consideration, conditions, situation, reasons

③ 自身【じしん】 • by oneself, personally

③ 自然【しぜん】 • ① nature, spontaneity ② naturally, spontaneously

③ 式【しき】 • ① equation, formula, expression ② ceremony ③ style

③ 実【み】 • ① fruit, nut ② seed ③ (in broth) pieces of meat, vegetable, etc. ④ content, substance

③ 実は【じつは】 • as a matter of fact, by the way, to tell you the truth, to be honest, frankly

③ 実行【じっこう】 • practice, practise, performance, execution (e.g. program) (programme), realization, realisation, implementation

③ 取り出す【とりだす】 • ① to take out, to produce, to pick out ② to fetch, to retrieve

③ 取れる【とれる】 • ① to come off, to be removed ② (of pain, a fever, etc.) to disappear ③ to be caught, to be harvested ④ to be interpreted (as), to be taken as ⑤ (of balance, etc.) to be attained ⑥ to be obtainable

③ 守る【まもる】 • ① to protect, to guard, to defend ② to keep (i.e. a promise), to abide (by the rules), to observe, to obey, to follow

③ 手伝い【てつだい】 • ① helper, assistant ② help

③ 首都【しゅと】 • capital city, metropolis

③ 受け取る【うけとる】 • ① to receive, to get, to accept ② to take, to interpret, to understand

③ 終える【おえる】 • to finish

③ 集中【しゅうちゅう】 • concentration, convergence, centralization, integration, gathering together

③ 出身【しゅっしん】 • ① person's origin (town, city, country, etc.) ② institution from which one graduated ③ director in charge of employee relations

③ ところで • ① by the way, incidentally ② even if, no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how)

③ 書物【しょもつ】 • books

③ 書類【しょるい】 • documents, official papers

③ 助手【じょしゅ】 • helper, helpmeet, assistant, tutor

③ 章【しょう】 • ① chapter, section ② medal

③ 常に【つねに】 • always, constantly

③ 身【み】 • ① body ② oneself ③ one's place, one's position ④ main part, meat (as opposed to bone, skin, etc.), wood (as opposed to bark), blade (as opposed to its handle), container(as opposed to its lid)

③ 身長【しんちょう】 • height (of body), stature

③ 進める【すすめる】 • to advance, to promote, to hasten

③ 人物【じんぶつ】 • character, personality, person, man, personage, talented man

③ 数字【すうじ】 • numeral, figure, digit, numeric character

③ 正確【せいかく】 • accurate, punctual, exact, authentic, veracious

③ 正式【せいしき】 • due form, official, formality

③ 正直【しょうじき】 • ① honesty, integrity, frankness ② honestly, frankly

③ 生き物【いきもの】 • living thing, animal

③ 実に【じつに】 • indeed, really, absolutely, truly, actually, very, quite

③ 石油【せきゆ】 • oil, petroleum, kerosene

③ 選手【せんしゅ】 • player (in game), team member

③ 前進【ぜんしん】 • advance, drive, progress

③ 全員【ぜんいん】 • all members (unanimity), all hands, the whole crew, everyone, everybody

③ 全身【ぜんしん】 • ① whole (body), full-length (e.g. portrait) ② systemic

③ 全体【ぜんたい】 • whole, entirety, whatever (is the matter)

③ 組む【くむ】 • ① to cross (legs or arms), to link (arms) ② to put together, to construct, to assemble, to produce (e.g. TV program) ③ to braid, to plait ④ to grapple, to wrestle ⑤ to unite, to link up, to form an alliance ⑥ to set (e.g. type) ⑦ to issue (e.g. money order)

③ 相手【あいて】 • ① companion, partner, company ② other party, addressee ③ opponent (sports, etc.)

③ 息【いき】 • ① breath, breathing ② tone, mood

③ 太陽【たいよう】 • sun, solar

③ 身体【しんたい】 • ① body ② health

③ 体温【たいおん】 • temperature, body temperature (human, animal)

③ 断る【ことわる】 • ① to refuse, to reject, to dismiss, to turn down, to decline ② to inform, to give notice, to tell in advance ③ to ask leave, to excuse oneself (from)

③ 地球【ちきゅう】 • the earth, the globe

③ 地面【じめん】 • ground, earth's surface

③ 中央【ちゅうおう】 • centre, central, center, middle

③ 追う【おう】 • ① to chase, to run after, to pursue ② to follow (i.e. a set order, a trend) ③ to drive out, to oust, to expel ④ to drive (i.e. a herd) ⑤ (in passive voice) to be pressed (for time, etc.)

③ 通す【とおす】 • to let pass, to overlook, to continue, to keep, to make way for, to persist in

③ 的【てき】 • -like, typical

③ 鉄【てつ】 • iron

③ 都会【とかい】 • city

③ 都市【とし】 • town, city, municipal, urban

③ 当たり前【あたりまえ】 • ① natural, reasonable, obvious ② usual, common, ordinary

③ 当てる【あてる】 • ① to hit ② to expose ③ to apply (e.g. patch) ④ to allot, to call on someone (e.g. in class) ⑤ to guess (an answer) ⑥ to make a hit (e.g. in a lottery)

③ 当時【とうじ】 • at that time, in those days

③ 道路【どうろ】 • road, highway

③ 特定【とくてい】 • specific, special, particular

③ 能力【のうりょく】 • ability, faculty

③ 配る【くばる】 • to distribute, to deliver, to deal (cards)

③ 板【いた】 • ① board, plank ② sheet (of metal), plate (of glass), pane, slab ③ cutting board, chopping board ④ stage (i.e. at a theatre)

③ 費用【ひよう】 • cost, expense

③ 飛ばす【とばす】 • ① to fly, to fire, to hurl ② to skip over, to omit, to drop (e.g. stitch) ③ to run or drive fast, to gallop ④ to spread a rumour (rumor), to tell a story ⑤ to remove, to get rid of, to transfer ⑥ to attack, to jeer at

③ 美人【びじん】 • beautiful person (woman)

③ 氷【こおり】 • ① ice ② shaved ice (usually served with flavored simple syrup)

③ 表【ひょう】 • table (e.g. Tab 1), chart, list

③ 表情【ひょうじょう】 • facial expression

③ 表面【ひょうめん】 • surface, outside, face, appearance

③ 秒【びょう】 • second (60th min)

③ 不幸【ふこう】 • unhappiness, sorrow, misfortune, disaster, accident, death

③ 不満【ふまん】 • dissatisfaction, displeasure, discontent, complaints, unhappiness, disgruntled

③ 部【ぶ】 • ① department (in an organization), division, bureau ② club ③ part, component, element ④ category ⑤ counter for copies of a newspaper or magazine

③ 部分【ぶぶん】 • portion, section, part

③ 物音【ものおと】 • sounds

③ 物語【ものがたり】 • tale, story, legend

③ 物理【ぶつり】 • physics, law of nature

③ 平ら【たいら】 • flatness, level, smooth, calm, plain, sitting tailor fashion

③ 平和【へいわ】 • peace, harmony

③ 方向【ほうこう】 • ① direction, orientation, bearing, way ② course (e.g. of action)

③ 望む【のぞむ】 • to desire, to wish for, to see, to command (a view of)

③ 本物【ほんもの】 • genuine article

③ 明ける【あける】 • ① to dawn, to grow light ② to end

③ 明らか【あきらか】 • obvious, evident, clear, plain

③ 明確【めいかく】 • clear, precise, definite, distinct

③ 迷う【まよう】 • ① to lose one's way ② to waver, to hesitate, to be of two minds over, to be puzzled, to be perplexed ③ to give into temptation, to lose control of oneself ④ to turn in one's grave

③ 鳴らす【ならす】 • to ring, to sound, to chime, to beat, to snort (nose)

③ 目指す【めざす】 • to aim at, to have an eye on

③ 目的【もくてき】 • purpose, goal, aim, objective, intention

③ 夜明け【よあけ】 • dawn, daybreak

③ 有能【ゆうのう】 • able, capable, efficient, skill

③ 予期【よき】 • expectation, assume will happen, forecast

③ 様子【ようす】 • ① state, state of affairs, situation, circumstances ② appearance, look, aspect ③ sign, indication

③ 理想【りそう】 • ideal, dream

③ 流す【ながす】 • ① to drain, to pour, to spill, to shed (blood, tears) ② to wash away ③ to distribute (e.g. electricity over wires, music over a PA system, etc.), to circulate, to broadcast, to beam ④ to cruise (e.g. taxi) ⑤ to float, to set adrift

③ 流れ【ながれ】 • stream, current, flow

③ 流れる【ながれる】 • to stream, to flow (liquid, time, etc.), to run (ink), to be washed away

③ 留学【りゅうがく】 • studying abroad (usu. at university level)

③ 例外【れいがい】 • exception

③ 列【れつ】 • queue, line, row, column, sequence, string, train

③ 話し合う【はなしあう】 • to discuss, to talk together

③ 数【かず】 • number, amount

③ 数【すう】 • ① several, a number of ② number, numeral, figure ③ destiny, fate ④ law

③ 他人【たにん】 • another person, unrelated person, outsider, stranger

③ 面【めん】 • ① face ② mask, face guard ③ (in kendo) striking the head ④ surface (esp. a geometrical surface) ⑤ page ⑥ aspect, facet, side ⑦ chamfer ⑧ counter for broad, flat objects, levels or stages, e.g. in a video game

③ 例【れい】 • ① custom, practice, habit, usual ② said, aforementioned ③ instance, example, case, illustration, usage ④ precedent ⑤ annual

③ 明かり【あかり】 • ① light, illumination, glow, gleam ② lamp, light

③ 暗記【あんき】 • memorization, memorisation, learning by heart

③ 協力【きょうりょく】 • cooperation, collaboration

③ 様々【さまざま】 • varied, various

③ 知り合い【しりあい】 • acquaintance

③ 次々【つぎつぎ】 • in succession, one by one

③ 残す【のこす】 • to leave (behind, over), to bequeath, to save, to reserve

③ 引き受ける【ひきうける】 • ① to be responsible for ② to take over, to take up ③ to guarantee, to undertake ④ to contract (a disease)

③ 向かい【むかい】 • facing, opposite, across the street, other side

③ 泳ぎ【およぎ】 • swimming

③ 他【た】 • other (esp. people and abstract matters)

③ 感【かん】 • feeling, sensation, emotion, admiration, impression

③ 無【む】 • ① nothing, naught, nought, nil, zero ② un-, non-

③ 色【しょく】 • counter for colours

③ 内【ない】 • inside, within

③ 依頼【いらい】 • ① request, commission, dispatch, despatch ② dependence, trust

③ 囲む【かこむ】 • to surround, to encircle

③ 意識【いしき】 • ① consciousness ② awareness, sense ③ mano-vijnana (mental consciousness, cognizer of sensory information)

③ 移動【いどう】 • ① removal, migration, movement ② mobile (e.g. communications)

③ 胃【い】 • ① stomach ② Chinese "stomach" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)

③ 違い【ちがい】 • difference, discrepancy

③ 違反【いはん】 • violation (of law), transgression, infringement, breach

③ 医師【いし】 • doctor, physician

③ 一種【いっしゅ】 • species, kind, variety

③ 一般【いっぱん】 • general, liberal, universal, ordinary, average

③ 印象【いんしょう】 • impression

③ 永遠【えいえん】 • eternity, perpetuity, immortality, permanence

③ 鋭い【するどい】 • pointed, sharp

③ 液体【えきたい】 • liquid, fluid

③ 演技【えんぎ】 • acting, performance

③ 煙【けむり】 • smoke, fumes

③ 奥【おく】 • interior, inner part, inside

③ 温泉【おんせん】 • spa, hot spring, onsen

③ 加減【かげん】 • ① addition and subtraction ② allowance for ③ degree, extent, measure ④ condition, state of health ⑤ seasoning, flavor, flavour, moderation, adjustment ⑥ influence (of the weather) ⑦ chance

③ 可能【かのう】 • possible, practicable, feasible

③ 過ごす【すごす】 • ① to pass (time), to spend ② to overdo (esp. of one's alcohol consumption), to drink (alcohol) ③ to overdo, to do too much ④ to ... without acting on it

③ 過去【かこ】 • the past, bygone days, the previous

③ 解決【かいけつ】 • settlement, solution, resolution

③ 回復【かいふく】 • recovery (from illness), improvement, rehabilitation, restoration, convalescence

③ 確認【かくにん】 • affirmation, confirmation, validation

③ 巻く【まく】 • to wind, to coil, to roll

③ 完成【かんせい】 • ① complete, completion ② perfection, accomplishment

③ 感覚【かんかく】 • sense, sensation, feeling, intuition

③ 汗【あせ】 • ① sweat, perspiration ② moisture, condensation

③ 管理【かんり】 • control, management (e.g. of a business)

③ 缶【かん】 • can, tin

③ 観察【かんさつ】 • observation, survey

③ 観念【かんねん】 • ① idea, notion, conception ② sense (e.g. of duty) ③ resignation, preparedness, acceptance ④ observation and contemplation

③ 間違い【まちがい】 • mistake

③ 関心【かんしん】 • concern, interest

③ 関連【かんれん】 • relation, connection, relevance

③ 含む【ふくむ】 • ① to contain, to comprise, to have, to hold, to include, to embrace ② to hold in the mouth ③ to bear in mind, to understand, to harbor (grudge, etc.), to harbour ④ to express (emotion, etc.), to imply

③ 希望【きぼう】 • hope, wish, aspiration

③ 機能【きのう】 • function, facility, faculty, feature

③ 気の毒【きのどく】 • pitiful, unfortunate, (a) pity

③ 疑問【ぎもん】 • question, problem, doubt, guess

③ 給料【きゅうりょう】 • salary, wages

③ 許す【ゆるす】 • ① to permit, to allow, to approve ② to exempt (from fine), to excuse (from), to pardon, to forgive, to release, to let off ③ to confide in ④ to give up, to yield

③ 恐怖【きょうふ】 • fear, dread, dismay, terror

③ 教師【きょうし】 • teacher (classroom)

③ 胸【むね】 • breast, chest

③ 努める【つとめる】 • to endeavor (endeavour), to try, to strive, to make an effort, to exert oneself, to be diligent

③ 苦痛【くつう】 • pain, agony, bitterness

③ 苦労【くろう】 • troubles, hardships

③ 訓練【くんれん】 • practice, practise, training

③ 傾向【けいこう】 • tendency, trend, inclination

③ 建築【けんちく】 • construction, architecture

③ 肩【かた】 • shoulder

③ 現れる【あらわれる】 • ① to appear, to come in sight, to become visible, to come out, to embody, to materialize, to materialise ② to be expressed (e.g. emotions), to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)

③ 現実【げんじつ】 • reality

③ 限る【かぎる】 • to restrict, to limit, to confine

③ 個人【こじん】 • individual, private person, personal, private

③ 呼吸【こきゅう】 • ① breath, respiration ② knack, trick, secret (of doing something)

③ 枯れる【かれる】 • to wither (plant), to be blasted, to die

③ 交換【こうかん】 • exchange, interchange, switching, reciprocity, barter, substitution, replacement, clearing (of checks, cheques)

③ 光景【こうけい】 • scene, spectacle

③ 効果【こうか】 • effect, effectiveness, efficacy, result

③ 好み【このみ】 • liking, taste, choice

③ 好む【このむ】 • to like, to prefer

③ 広告【こうこく】 • advertisement

③ 更に【さらに】 • furthermore, again, after all, more and more, moreover

③ 構成【こうせい】 • organization, organisation, configuration, composition

③ 硬い【かたい】 • ① hard, solid, tough ② stiff, tight, wooden, unpolished (e.g. writing) ③ strong, firm (not viscous or easily moved) ④ safe, steady, honest, steadfast ⑤ obstinate, stubborn ⑥ bookish, formal, stuffy

③ 硬貨【こうか】 • coin

③ 航空【こうくう】 • aviation, flying

③ 講演【こうえん】 • lecture, address, speech

③ 刻む【きざむ】 • to mince, to carve, to engrave, to cut fine, to chop up, to hash, to chisel, to notch

③ 腰【こし】 • ① back, lower back, waist, hips, lumbar region ② body (of hair, noodle, paper, etc.), resilience, spring

③ 混乱【こんらん】 • disorder, chaos, confusion, mayhem

③ 座席【ざせき】 • seat

③ 再び【ふたたび】 • again, once more, a second time

③ 最も【もっとも】 • most, extremely

③ 最高【さいこう】 • highest, supreme, the most

③ 最終【さいしゅう】 • last, final, closing

③ 済ませる【すませる】 • to finish, to make an end of, to get through with, to let end

③ 札【さつ】 • note, paper money

③ 散歩【さんぽ】 • walk, stroll

③ 刺す【さす】 • to pierce, to stab, to prick, to thrust, to bite, to sting, to pin down, to stitch, to put (a runner) out, to pole (a boat), to catch (with a line), to stick

③ 支える【ささえる】 • ① to support, to prop, to sustain, to underlay, to hold up ② to hold at bay, to stem, to check

③ 支給【しきゅう】 • provision, supply, payment, allowance, grant

③ 支配【しはい】 • rule, control, direction

③ 資料【しりょう】 • materials, data, document

③ 事務【じむ】 • business, office work

③ 時刻【じこく】 • instant, time, moment

③ 示す【しめす】 • to denote, to show, to point out, to indicate, to exemplify

③ 失う【うしなう】 • to lose, to part with

③ 失望【しつぼう】 • disappointment, despair

③ 実現【じつげん】 • implementation (e.g. of a system), materialization, materialisation, realization, realisation

③ 実際【じっさい】 • ① practicality, practical ② reality, actuality, actual conditions ③ bhutakoti (limit of reality)

③ 手段【しゅだん】 • means, way, measure

③ 種類【しゅるい】 • ① variety, kind, type, category ② counter for different sorts of things

③ 収入【しゅうにゅう】 • income, receipts, revenue

③ 重要【じゅうよう】 • important, momentous, essential, principal, major

③ 出版【しゅっぱん】 • publication

③ 述べる【のべる】 • to state, to express, to mention

③ 順調【じゅんちょう】 • favourable, favorable, doing well, OK, all right

③ 署名【しょめい】 • signature

③ 床【ゆか】 • ① floor ② stage (for the narrator and the shamisen player) ③ dining platform built across a river

③ 照らす【てらす】 • to shine on, to illuminate

③ 省く【はぶく】 • to omit, to eliminate, to curtail, to economize, to economise

③ 笑い【わらい】 • ① laugh, laughter ② smile ③ sneer

③ 賞【しょう】 • prize, award

③ 昇る【のぼる】 • ① to ascend, to go up, to climb ② to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the sun), to rise ③ to go to (the capital) ④ to be promoted ⑤ to add up to ⑥ to advance (in price) ⑦ to swim up (a river), to sail up ⑧ to come up (on the agenda)

③ 上達【じょうたつ】 • improvement, advance, progress

③ 常識【じょうしき】 • common knowledge, conventional wisdom, general knowledge, common sense

③ 情報【じょうほう】 • ① news, gossip, (military) intelligence ② information (data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.)

③ 状況【じょうきょう】 • state of affairs (around you), situation, circumstances

③ 職業【しょくぎょう】 • occupation, business

③ 触れる【ふれる】 • ① to touch, to feel ② to experience, to come in contact with, to be emotionally moved (by), to perceive ③ to touch on a subject, to allude to ④ to be in conflict (with), to violate (law, copyright, etc.) ⑤ to proclaim

③ 伸びる【のびる】 • ① to stretch, to extend, to lengthen, to spread ② to make progress, to grow (beard, body height) ③ to grow stale (soba) ④ to be straightened, to be flattened, to be smoothed ⑤ to be exhausted ⑥ to be postponed, to be prolonged

③ 信号【しんごう】 • traffic lights, signal, semaphore

③ 信頼【しんらい】 • reliance, trust, faith, confidence

③ 心臓【しんぞう】 • heart

③ 真似【まね】 • mimicry, imitation, behavior, behaviour, pretense, pretence

③ 神経【しんけい】 • nerve, sensitivity

③ 針【はり】 • ① needle, pin, hook ② stinger, thorn ③ hand (e.g. clock, etc.), pointer ④ staple (for a stapler) ⑤ needlework, sewing ⑥ malice ⑦ counter for stitches

③ 震える【ふるえる】 • to shiver, to shake, to quake, to tremble, to quaver, to quiver

③ 性【せい】 • ① nature (of a person) ② sex ③ gender ④ -ty (suffix indicating quality or condition), -ity, -ness

③ 性格【せいかく】 • character, personality

③ 成長【せいちょう】 • growth, grow to adulthood

③ 精神【せいしん】 • mind, soul, heart, spirit, intention

③ 積む【つむ】 • to pile up, to stack, to load (car, ship, etc.), to pack

③ 責める【せめる】 • to condemn, to blame, to criticize, to criticise

③ 責任【せきにん】 • ① duty, responsibility (incl. supervision of staff) ② liability, onus

③ 設備【せつび】 • equipment, device, facilities, installation

③ 双子【ふたご】 • twins, a twin

③ 想像【そうぞう】 • imagination, guess

③ 装置【そうち】 • equipment, installation, apparatus, device

③ 存在【そんざい】 • existence, being

③ 損【そん】 • loss, disadvantage

③ 大層【たいそう】 • very much, exaggerated, very fine

③ 単純【たんじゅん】 • simplicity

③ 担当【たんとう】 • (in) charge (of an area of responsibility, but not necessarily supervision of staff)

③ 知識【ちしき】 • knowledge, information

③ 遅刻【ちこく】 • lateness, late coming

③ 仲間【なかま】 • company, fellow, colleague, associate, comrade, mate, group, circle of friends, partner

③ 駐車【ちゅうしゃ】 • parking (e.g. car)

③ 著者【ちょしゃ】 • author (usu. of a particular book, etc.), writer

③ 沈む【しずむ】 • to sink, to feel depressed

③ 通り過ぎる【とおりすぎる】 • to pass, to pass through

③ 底【そこ】 • bottom, sole

③ 程度【ていど】 • degree, amount, grade, standard, of the order of (following a number)

③ 適切【てきせつ】 • pertinent, appropriate, adequate, relevance

③ 適度【てきど】 • moderate

③ 努力【どりょく】 • great effort, exertion, endeavour, endeavor, effort

③ 得る【うる】 • ① (after the -masu stem of a verb) to be able to ..., can ... ② to get, to acquire, to obtain, to procure, to earn, to win, to gain, to secure, to attain

③ 得意【とくい】 • ① triumph, prosperity ② pride ③ one's strong point, one's forte, one's specialty ④ frequent customer (client, etc.)

③ 突っ込む【つっこむ】 • ① to thrust something into something ② to plunge into, to go into deeply ③ to meddle, to interfere ④ to retort ⑤ to riposte

③ 突然【とつぜん】 • abrupt, sudden, unexpected, all at once

③ 内容【ないよう】 • subject, contents, matter, substance, detail, import

③ 認める【みとめる】 • ① to recognize, to recognise, to appreciate ② to observe, to notice ③ to admit, to approve

③ 熱心【ねっしん】 • zeal, enthusiasm

③ 悩む【なやむ】 • to be worried, to be troubled

③ 濃い【こい】 • ① deep (colour), dark ② strong (flavour, smell, etc.) ③ thick (consistency), dense ④ strong (possibility, etc.) ⑤ thick (i.e. "as thick as thieves"), close, deep (love, etc.)

③ 肌【はだ】 • ① skin ② body (in the context of intimate bodily contact) ③ surface, grain (e.g. of wood), texture ④ disposition, temperament, character, type

③ 抜く【ぬく】 • ① to extract, to omit, to surpass, to overtake, to draw out, to unplug ② to do something to the end

③ 抜ける【ぬける】 • ① to come out, to fall out, to be omitted, to be missing, to escape ② to exit (a program loop)

③ 判断【はんだん】 • judgement, judgment, decision, adjudication, conclusion, decipherment, divination

③ 犯罪【はんざい】 • crime

③ 否定【ひてい】 • ① negation, denial, repudiation ② NOT operation

③ 悲劇【ひげき】 • tragedy, disaster

③ 皮膚【ひふ】 • skin

③ 非【ひ】 • ① fault, error, mistake ② going poorly, being disadvantageous, being unfavorable ③ un-, non-

③ 非常【ひじょう】 • emergency, extraordinary, unusual

③ 瓶【びん】 • bottle

③ 不思議【ふしぎ】 • wonder, miracle, strange, mystery, marvel, curiosity

③ 布【ぬの】 • ① cloth ② bujian (spade-shaped bronze coin of ancient China)

③ 普段【ふだん】 • usual, habitual, ordinary, everyday, always

③ 浮かべる【うかべる】 • ① to float ② to express, to look (sad, glad) ③ to think, to imagine, to remember

③ 浮かぶ【うかぶ】 • ① to float, to be suspended ② to rise to surface ③ to come to mind, to have inspiration

③ 風景【ふうけい】 • scenery

③ 幅【はば】 • width, breadth

③ 服装【ふくそう】 • garments, attire

③ 腹【はら】 • ① abdomen, belly, stomach ② one's mind, one's real intentions, one's true motive ③ loop (physics) ④ counter for hard roe

③ 閉じる【とじる】 • to close (e.g. book, eyes, meeting, etc.), to shut

③ 変更【へんこう】 • change, modification, alteration, revision, amendment

③ 暮らす【くらす】 • ① to live, to get along ② to spend (time)

③ 報告【ほうこく】 • report, information

③ 抱える【かかえる】 • ① to hold or carry under or in the arms ② to have (esp. problems, debts, etc.) ③ to employ, to engage, to hire

③ 方針【ほうしん】 • objective, plan, policy

③ 方法【ほうほう】 • method, process, manner, way, means, technique

③ 棒【ぼう】 • pole, rod, stick

③ 埋める【うめる】 • ① to bury (e.g. in the ground) ② to fill up (e.g. audience fills a hall), to fill (a seat, a vacant position) ③ to plug gaps, to stop a gap ④ to make amends, to cover up for something ⑤ to put cold water in a bath ⑥ to cover, to scatter something over

③ 綿【めん】 • cotton

③ 面倒【めんどう】 • trouble, difficulty, care, attention

③ 毛布【もうふ】 • blanket

③ 戻す【もどす】 • to restore, to put back, to return, to give back

③ 役割【やくわり】 • part, assigning (allotment of) parts, role, duties

③ 優れる【すぐれる】 • to surpass, to outstrip, to excel

③ 予測【よそく】 • prediction, estimation

③ 余る【あまる】 • to remain, to be left over, to be in excess, to be too many

③ 余計【よけい】 • too much, unnecessary, extraneous, abundance, surplus, excess, superfluity

③ 与える【あたえる】 • ① to give (esp. to someone of lower status), to bestow, to grant, to confer, to present, to award ② to provide, to afford, to offer, to supply ③ to assign ④ to cause ⑤ to pass (a variable to a function)

③ 預ける【あずける】 • ① to give into custody, to leave (a child) in the care of, to entrust, to deposit ② to lean on, to put one's weight on

③ 幼児【ようじ】 • infant, baby, child

③ 要するに【ようするに】 • in a word, after all, the point is ..., in short ...

③ 要求【ようきゅう】 • demand, firm request, requisition, requirement, desire

③ 理解【りかい】 • understanding, comprehension, appreciation, sympathy

③ 涙【なみだ】 • ① tear, tears, lachrymal secretion ② sympathy

③ 冷静【れいせい】 • calm, composure, coolness, serenity

③ 論じる【ろんじる】 • to argue, to discuss, to debate

③ 平均【へいきん】 • ① average, mean ② balance, equilibrium

③ 抱く【いだく】 • ① to embrace, to hold in the arms (e.g. a baby), to hug ② to harbour (e.g. grudge) (harbor), to bear (e.g. a grudge), to entertain (e.g. suspicion) ③ to sleep with ④ to sit on eggs

③ 痛み【いたみ】 • pain, ache, sore, grief, distress

③ 位置【いち】 • place, situation, position, location

③ 得る【える】 • ① to get, to acquire, to obtain, to procure, to earn, to win, to gain, to secure, to attain ② (after the -masu stem of a verb) to be able to ..., can ...

③ 恐れる【おそれる】 • to fear, to be afraid of

③ 飛び込む【とびこむ】 • to jump in, to leap in, to plunge into, to dive

③ 年齢【ねんれい】 • age, years

③ 伸ばす【のばす】 • ① to grow long (beard, hair, etc.) ② to lengthen, to extend, to stretch ③ to reach out, to hold out ④ to straighten, to smooth out ⑤ to spread evenly (dough, cream, etc.) ⑥ to dilute, to thin out ⑦ to postpone ⑧ to prolong ⑨ to strengthen, to develop, to expand

③ 雇う【やとう】 • ① to employ ② to hire, to charter

③ 喜び【よろこび】 • joy, delight, rapture, pleasure, gratification, rejoicing, congratulations, felicitations

③ 続き【つづき】 • sequel, continuation, (also suffix) continuation (in time and space), second series, succession, spell

③ お互い【おたがい】 • mutual, reciprocal, each other

③ 軒【けん】 • houses, buildings

③ 史【し】 • history (e.g. of some country)

③ 握る【にぎる】 • to grasp, to seize, to mould sushi, to mold sushi

③ 握手【あくしゅ】 • handshake

③ 扱う【あつかう】 • to handle, to deal with, to treat

③ 意志【いし】 • will, volition, intention, intent, determination

③ 異なる【ことなる】 • to differ, to vary, to disagree

③ 一瞬【いっしゅん】 • moment, instant

③ 一致【いっち】 • ① coincidence, agreement, union, match ② conformity, consistency ③ cooperation

③ 隠す【かくす】 • to hide, to conceal

③ 隠れる【かくれる】 • to hide, to be hidden, to conceal oneself, to disappear

③ 応じる【おうじる】 • to respond, to satisfy, to accept, to comply with, to apply for

③ 応募【おうぼ】 • subscription, application

③ 殴る【なぐる】 • to strike, to hit

③ 価値【かち】 • value, worth, merit

③ 火災【かさい】 • conflagration, fire

③ 稼ぐ【かせぐ】 • to earn income, to labor, to labour

③ 蚊【か】 • mosquito

③ 我慢【がまん】 • patience, endurance, perseverance, tolerance, self-control, self-denial

③ 懐かしい【なつかしい】 • dear, desired, missed

③ 刈る【かる】 • to cut (hair), to mow (grass), to harvest, to clip, to shear, to reap, to trim, to prune

③ 感謝【かんしゃ】 • thanks, gratitude

③ 環境【かんきょう】 • environment, circumstance

③ 企業【きぎょう】 • enterprise, undertaking, corporation, business

③ 器用【きよう】 • skillful, handy

③ 基礎【きそ】 • foundation, basis

③ 基本【きほん】 • foundation, basis, standard

③ 奇妙【きみょう】 • strange, queer, curious

③ 既に【すでに】 • already, too late

③ 記憶【きおく】 • ① memory, recollection, remembrance ② storage

③ 筋【すじ】 • ① muscle ② string, sinew, line, stripe ③ plot, plan ④ source (of business information) ⑤ reason, logic

③ 筋肉【きんにく】 • muscle, sinew

③ 緊張【きんちょう】 • tension, mental strain, nervousness

③ 金属【きんぞく】 • metal

③ 繰り返す【くりかえす】 • to repeat, to do something over again

③ 欠陥【けっかん】 • ① defect, fault, deficiency, deformity ② shortage, gap

③ 穴【あな】 • ① hole ② deficit, shortage, missing person (in a team, meeting, etc.) ③ vacancy, opening ④ flaw ⑤ profitable place (or item, etc.) not well known by others ⑥ upset victory (with a large payoff)

③ 結ぶ【むすぶ】 • ① to tie, to bind, to link ② to bear (fruit)

③ 結果【けっか】 • ① result, consequence, outcome, effect ② coming to fruition, bearing fruit

③ 結局【けっきょく】 • after all, eventually, in the end

③ 結論【けつろん】 • conclusion

③ 件【けん】 • matter, case, item

③ 嫌う【きらう】 • to hate, to dislike, to loathe

③ 原稿【げんこう】 • manuscript, copy

③ 虎【とら】 • ① tiger (feline, Panthera tigris) ② trouble

③ 考慮【こうりょ】 • consideration, taking into account

③ 高価【こうか】 • high price

③ 豪華【ごうか】 • wonderful, gorgeous, splendor, splendour, pomp, extravagance

③ 惨め【みじめ】 • miserable, wretched, unhappy, sad, pitiable

③ 姿【すがた】 • figure, shape, appearance

③ 死【し】 • death, decease

③ 次第【しだい】 • ① dependent upon ② as soon as, immediately (upon) ③ circumstances ④ order, precedence, program, programme, agenda

③ 芝居【しばい】 • play, drama

③ 収穫【しゅうかく】 • harvest, crop, ingathering

③ 就く【つく】 • ① to ascend (the throne), to accede ② to take (seat, position, course, etc.), to assume ③ to start (on a journey), to commence, to depart ④ to study (under teacher), to be an apprentice

③ 就職【しゅうしょく】 • finding employment, inauguration

③ 渋滞【じゅうたい】 • congestion (e.g. traffic), delay, stagnation

③ 銃【じゅう】 • gun, rifle, small arms

③ 瞬間【しゅんかん】 • moment, second, instant

③ 証明【しょうめい】 • proof, verification

③ 上司【じょうし】 • superior authorities, boss

③ 冗談【じょうだん】 • jest, joke

③ 条件【じょうけん】 • condition, conditions, term, terms, requirement, requirements

③ 状態【じょうたい】 • current status, condition, situation, circumstances, state

③ 食糧【しょくりょう】 • provisions, rations, food supply

③ 唇【くちびる】 • lips

③ 慎重【しんちょう】 • discretion, prudence, caution, care

③ 振り向く【ふりむく】 • to turn one's face, to turn around, to look over one's shoulder

③ 振る【ふる】 • ① to wave, to shake, to swing ② to sprinkle, to throw (dice) ③ to cast (actor), to allocate (work) ④ to turn down (somebody), to reject, to jilt, to dump ⑤ to abandon, to give up, to ruin ⑥ to add kana indicating a reading of a word ⑦ to slightly change headings, to change directions ⑧ to extract by broiling, to prepare an infusion of, to decoct ⑨ to carry with great vigor (e.g. a portable shrine) ⑩ to bring up the main topic ⑪ to replace, to substitute ⑫ to set up a joke for somebody else

③ 新鮮【しんせん】 • fresh

③ 申し訳【もうしわけ】 • apology, excuse

③ 真剣【しんけん】 • ① seriousness, earnestness ② real sword (as opposed to unsharpened or wooden practice weapon) (practise)

③ 真実【しんじつ】 • truth, reality

③ 世紀【せいき】 • century, era

③ 整理【せいり】 • sorting, arrangement, organization, putting in order, adjustment, regulation, liquidation

③ 清潔【せいけつ】 • ① clean, hygenic, sanitary ② pure, virtuous, immaculate

③ 製造【せいぞう】 • manufacture, production

③ 説得【せっとく】 • persuasion

③ 舌【した】 • ① tongue ② tongue-like object, clapper (of a bell), talon (of a lock)

③ 選択【せんたく】 • selection, choice, option

③ 素敵【すてき】 • lovely, dreamy, beautiful, great, fantastic, superb, cool, capital

③ 組織【そしき】 • ① organization, organisation ② structure, construction ③ tissue ④ system

③ 巣【す】 • ① nest, rookery, breeding place, hive ② den ③ haunt ④ (spider's) web

③ 騒ぎ【さわぎ】 • uproar, disturbance

③ 騒音【そうおん】 • noise

③ 態度【たいど】 • attitude, manner, behaviour

③ 第【だい】 • ordinal

③ 忠告【ちゅうこく】 • advice, warning

③ 張る【はる】 • ① to stick, to paste, to affix ② to stretch, to spread, to strain, to tighten ③ to form (e.g. ice on a pond) ④ to fill, to swell ⑤ to stick out, to put, to slap ⑥ to be expensive

③ 眺める【ながめる】 • to view, to gaze at

③ 抵抗【ていこう】 • electrical resistance, resistance, opposition

③ 提案【ていあん】 • proposal, proposition, suggestion

③ 当然【とうぜん】 • natural, as a matter of course

③ 豆【まめ】 • ① legume (esp. edible legumes or their seeds, such as beans, peas, pulses, etc.), beans, peas ② soya bean (soybean), soy (Glycine max) ③ miniature, tiny ④ child

③ 同意【どうい】 • ① agreement, consent, same opinion, approval ② same meaning

③ 同僚【どうりょう】 • coworker, colleague, associate

③ 特徴【とくちょう】 • feature, trait, characteristic, pecularity

③ 独身【どくしん】 • bachelorhood, single, unmarried, celibate

③ 納得【なっとく】 • consent, assent, understanding, agreement, comprehension, grasp

③ 拍手【はくしゅ】 • clapping hands, applause

③ 縛る【しばる】 • to tie, to bind

③ 批判【ひはん】 • criticism, judgement, judgment, comment

③ 比較【ひかく】 • comparison

③ 比較的【ひかくてき】 • comparative, relative

③ 秘密【ひみつ】 • secret, secrecy

③ 微笑む【ほほえむ】 • to smile

③ 微妙【びみょう】 • ① delicate, subtle, sensitive ② difficult, delicate (situation), complicated ③ doubtful, questionable, dicey

③ 評価【ひょうか】 • ① valuation, estimation, assessment, evaluation ② to value, to assess, to estimate value ③ to appreciate, to value highly, to acknowledge the value (of something)

③ 評判【ひょうばん】 • ① fame, reputation, popularity ② rumour (rumor), talk

③ 雰囲気【ふんいき】 • atmosphere (e.g. musical), mood, ambience, ambiance

③ 文句【もんく】 • ① phrase ② complaint

③ 塀【へい】 • wall, fence

③ 保存【ほぞん】 • preservation, conservation, storage, saving (e.g., to disk), maintenance

③ 訪れる【おとずれる】 • to visit

③ 無視【むし】 • disregard, ignore

③ 矛盾【むじゅん】 • contradiction, inconsistency

③ 迷惑【めいわく】 • trouble, bother, annoyance

③ 免許【めんきょ】 • license, permit, licence, certificate

③ 黙る【だまる】 • to be silent

③ 唯一【ゆいいつ】 • only, sole, unique

③ 優秀【ゆうしゅう】 • superiority, excellence

③ 誘う【さそう】 • ① to invite, to ask, to call (for) ② to tempt, to lure, to induce

③ 余裕【よゆう】 • surplus, composure, margin, room, time, allowance, flexibility, scope, rope

③ 要素【ようそ】 • ① component, factor, item (e.g. in list) ② element (e.g. in array), member (e.g. data structure)

③ 抑える【おさえる】 • ① to pin something down, to hold something down, to hold something back, to stop, to restrain, to curb ② to seize, to grasp, to arrest ③ to gain control of something, to govern, to keep down (e.g. information), to suppress ④ to catch happening, to determine (important points), to find (proof), to understand

③ 裸【はだか】 • naked, nude, bare

③ 理論【りろん】 • theory

③ 離す【はなす】 • to part, to divide, to separate, to release

③ 俺【おれ】 • (masc) I, me (rough or arrogant-sounding first-person pronoun, formerly also used by women)

③ 化粧【けしょう】 • make-up, cosmetics

③ 傷【きず】 • ① wound, injury, cut, gash, bruise, scratch, scrape, scar ② chip, crack, scratch, nick ③ flaw, defect, weakness, weak point ④ stain (on one's reputation), disgrace, dishonor, dishonour ⑤ (emotional) hurt, hurt feelings

③ 描く【えがく】 • to draw, to paint, to sketch, to depict, to describe

③ 飽きる【あきる】 • to get tired of, to lose interest in, to have enough

③ 影【かげ】 • ① shadow, silhouette ② reflection, image ③ presence, sign ④ light (stars, moon)

③ 事態【じたい】 • situation, (present) state of affairs, circumstances

③ 退屈【たいくつ】 • tedium, boredom

③ 激しい【はげしい】 • violent, vehement, intense, furious, tempestuous

③ 馬鹿【ばか】 • ① fool, idiot, trivial matter, folly, absurdity ② foolish, stupid, dull, absurd, ridiculous

③ 引っ張る【ひっぱる】 • ① to pull, to draw, to stretch, to drag ② to pull the ball (baseball)

③ 保証【ほしょう】 • guarantee, security, assurance, pledge, warranty

③ 街【まち】 • ① town, block, neighbourhood, neighborhood ② street, road ③ 109.09 m ④ 0.99 hectares

③ 履く【はく】 • ① to put on (or wear) lower-body clothing (i.e. pants, skirt, etc.), to put on (or wear) footwear ② to affix a sword to one's hip ③ to affix a bowstring to a bow

③ ぶつかる • to strike, to collide with, to bump into

③ やがて • before long, soon, at length

③ 噂【うわさ】 • rumour, rumor, report, hearsay, gossip, common talk

③ 蓋【ふた】 • cover, lid, cap

③ まるで • quite, entirely, completely, at all, as if, as though, so to speak, just like

③ ごく • ① quite, very ② quindecillion (US), octillion (Europe), 10^48

③ つながる • to be tied together, to be connected to, to be related to

③ いわゆる • what is called, as it is called, the so-called, so to speak

③ 拭く【ふく】 • to wipe, to dry

③ 尻【しり】 • ① buttocks, behind, rump, bottom ② undersurface, bottom ③ last place, end ④ consequence

③ 尻尾【しっぽ】 • tail (animal)

③ まさに • ① exactly, surely, certainly ② just (about to), on the verge (of doing or happening) ③ duly, naturally

③ ようやく • ① finally, at last ② barely, narrowly, hardly, only just ③ gradually, little by little, by degrees

③ かく • ① to scratch ② to perspire ③ to shovel, to paddle

③ そのまま • without change, as it is (i.e. now)

③ それでも • but (still), and yet, nevertheless, even so, notwithstanding

③ そこで • so, accordingly, now, then, thereupon, therefore

③ 叩く【たたく】 • ① to strike, to clap, to dust, to beat ② to play drums ③ to abuse, to flame (e.g. on the Internet), to insult ④ to use up money

③ 誰か【だれか】 • someone, somebody

③ しゃべる • to talk, to chat, to chatter

③ すぐ • ① immediately, at once, directly ② soon, before long, shortly ③ easily, without difficulty ④ right (near), nearby, just (handy)

③ 潰す【つぶす】 • ① to smash, to crush ② to shut down ③ to thwart, to block ④ to kill (time) ⑤ to waste (e.g. talents)

③ 溺れる【おぼれる】 • ① to nearly drown, to sink below the surface (of water) ② to indulge in, to lose one's head over something

③ とにかく • anyhow, at any rate, anyway, somehow or other, generally speaking, in any case

③ ともかく • anyhow, anyway, somehow or other, generally speaking, in any case, be that as it may

③ 紐【ひも】 • ① string, cord ② man who is financially dependent on a woman (such as a gigolo or, in the case of a prostitute, a pimp), pimp

③ ふと • suddenly, casually, accidentally, incidentally, unexpectedly, unintentionally

③ 枕【まくら】 • ① pillow, bolster ② introduction (e.g. to a rakugo story), lead-in

③ ただ • ① ordinary, common, usual ② free of charge ③ unaffected, as is, safe ④ only, merely, just, simply ⑤ but, however, nevertheless

③ ろうそく • candle

③ 嗅ぐ【かぐ】 • to sniff, to smell

③ 痺れる【しびれる】 • to become numb, to go to sleep (e.g. a limb)

③ いや • no, nay, well

③ 頬【ほお】 • cheek (of face)

③ ある • a certain ..., some ...

③ かなり • considerably, fairly, quite

③ せっかく • with trouble, at great pains, long-awaited

③ 匂い【におい】 • ① odour, odor, scent, smell, stench ② aura, whiff, smacks of ..., sense, flavour, flavor

③ かかる • to suffer from

③ せい • cause, reason, fault

③ つまり • in short, in brief, in other words, that is to say, in the long run, after all, blockade, stuffing, ultimate

③ あちこち • ① here and there ② to get things in the wrong order (back to front), to become muddled up

③ あれこれ • one thing or another, this and that, this or that

③ 多く【おおく】 • many, much, largely, abundantly, mostly

② うろうろ • loiteringly, aimless wandering

② うんざり • tedious, boring, being fed up with

② すっと • straight, quickly, directly, all of a sudden, quietly, gently, softly

② 下り【くだり】 • ① down-train (going away from Tokyo) ② down-slope, downward going

② 見出し【みだし】 • heading, caption, subtitle, index

② 出入り【でいり】 • in and out, coming and going, free association, income and expenditure, debits and credit

② 出来上がる【できあがる】 • ① to be completed, to be finished, to be ready (e.g. to serve or eat) ② to be very drunk

② 小学生【しょうがくせい】 • elementary school student, primary school student, grade school student

② 上り【のぼり】 • ① ascent, climbing, ascending (path), climb ② up-train (e.g. going to Tokyo) ③ northward (towards Tokyo)

② 上る【のぼる】 • ① to ascend, to go up, to climb ② to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the sun), to rise ③ to go to (the capital) ④ to be promoted ⑤ to add up to ⑥ to advance (in price) ⑦ to swim up (a river), to sail up ⑧ to come up (on the agenda)

② 前後【ぜんご】 • around, throughout, front and back, before and behind, before and after, about that (time), longitudinal, context, nearly, approximately

② 中間【ちゅうかん】 • middle, midway, interim

② 中年【ちゅうねん】 • middle-age, middle age, midlife, one's middle years

② 一時【いちじ】 • one hour, short time, once, a time, temporarily, at one time, twelfth part of a day

② 人々【ひとびと】 • each person, people, men, human, everybody

② 下ろす【おろす】 • ① to take down (e.g. flag), to launch (e.g. boat), to drop, to lower (e.g. ladder), to let (a person) off, to unload, to discharge ② to drop off (a passenger from a vehicle), to let (a person) off ③ to withdraw money from an account ④ to wear (clothing) for the first time ⑤ to fillet (e.g. a fish)

② 日々【ひび】 • every day, daily, day after day, days (e.g. good old days)

② がる • ① to feel (on adj-stem to represent a third party's apparent emotion) ② to behave as if one were

② 下【しも】 • ① lower reaches (of a river) ② bottom, lower part ③ lower half (of the body, esp. the privates), feces (faeces), urine, menses ④ end, far from the imperial palace (i.e. far from Kyoto, esp. of western Japan) ⑤ dirty (e.g. dirty jokes, etc.)

② 小【しょう】 • ① smallness, small item ② short month (i.e. having fewer than 31 days) ③ elementary school ④ younger or inferior (of two items or people with the same name)

② 映る【うつる】 • to be reflected, to harmonize with (harmonise), to come out (photo), to be projected

② 帰す【かえす】 • to send (someone) back, to send (someone) home

② 強引【ごういん】 • overbearing, coercive, pushy, forcible, high-handed

② 空中【くうちゅう】 • sky, air

② 言い出す【いいだす】 • to start talking, to speak, to tell, to propose, to suggest, to break the ice

② 工事【こうじ】 • construction work, construction, work (related to construction, e.g. painting, concrete-pouring, etc.)

② 作者【さくしゃ】 • author, authoress

② 思い切り【おもいきり】 • with all one's strength, with all one's heart, resignation, resolution

② とどまる • ① to stop, to halt ② to remain, to abide, to stay (in the one place) ③ to come to a halt ④ to be limited to

② 死体【したい】 • dead body, corpse, cadaver

② 手前【てまえ】 • ① before, this side ② one's standpoint, one's appearance ③ we ④ you

② 集まる【あつまる】 • to gather, to collect, to assemble

② 重力【じゅうりょく】 • gravity

② 上品【じょうひん】 • elegant, refined, polished

② 心理【しんり】 • mentality

② 題名【だいめい】 • title

② 転がる【ころがる】 • to roll, to tumble

② 飯【めし】 • ① meals, food ② cooked rice ③ one's livelihood

② 文体【ぶんたい】 • literary style

② 歩【ほ】 • ① step, stride ② counter for steps

② 品【ひん】 • ① thing, article, goods ② dignity, class, quality ③ counter for meal courses ④ flirtatiousness, coquetry

② 出入り口【でいりぐち】 • exit and entrance

② 真っ黒【まっくろ】 • pitch black

② 空き【あき】 • ① space, room, emptiness, gap ② opening, vacancy, empty seat ③ free time, time to spare ④ disuse, unused thing

② 持ち【もち】 • ① hold, charge, keep possession, in charge ② wear, durability, life, draw ③ usage

② ひっくり返る【ひっくりかえる】 • to be overturned, to be upset, to topple over, to be reversed

② 園【えん】 • ① garden (esp. man-made), orchard, park, plantation ② place, location

② 回答【かいとう】 • reply, answer

② 角度【かくど】 • angle

② 学科【がっか】 • study subject, course of study

② 活字【かつじ】 • printing type

② 感想【かんそう】 • impressions, thoughts

② 気配【けはい】 • ① indication, sign, hint, presence, trend ② quotation (esp. stock market)

② 曲【きょく】 • tune, piece of music

② 曲げる【まげる】 • to bend, to crook, to lean, to yield (a point), to depart (from a principle)

② 見当【けんとう】 • aim, mark, estimate, guess, approximation, direction

② 混合【こんごう】 • ① mixing, mixture, meld ② miscegenation

② 作曲【さっきょく】 • composition, setting (of music)

② 指定【してい】 • designation, specification, assignment, appointment, pointing at

② 留まる【とまる】 • ① to stop, to halt ② to remain, to abide, to stay (in the one place) ③ to come to a halt ④ to be limited to

② 留める【とめる】 • ① to stop (something or someone), to turn off ② to concentrate on, to pay attention to ③ to remember, to bear in mind ④ to fix into place ⑤ to park, to leave somewhere for a time

② 実物【じつぶつ】 • real thing, original, actual

② 受験【じゅけん】 • taking an examination

② 真っ暗【まっくら】 • ① total darkness, pitch dark ② bleak future, poor prospects

② 図表【ずひょう】 • chart, diagram, graph, figure

② 水準【すいじゅん】 • ① level, standard ② water level

② 水面【すいめん】 • water's surface

② 勢い【いきおい】 • ① force, vigor, vigour, energy, spirit, life ② influence, authority, power, might ③ impetus, momentum, course (of events) ④ naturally, necessarily

② 正面【しょうめん】 • front, frontage, facade, main

② 体育【たいいく】 • physical education, gymnastics, athletics

② 待ち合わせる【まちあわせる】 • to rendezvous, to meet at a prearranged place and time, to arrange to meet

② 待合室【まちあいしつ】 • waiting room

② 直線【ちょくせん】 • straight line

② 直前【ちょくぜん】 • just before

② 通用【つうよう】 • ① popular use, circulation ② to pass as

② 通路【つうろ】 • passage, pathway

② 定期【ていき】 • ① fixed term ② fixed-term commutation pass ③ fixed-term deposit

② 的確【てきかく】 • precise, accurate

② 電柱【でんちゅう】 • telephone pole, telegraph pole, lightpole

② 電流【でんりゅう】 • electric current

② 日常【にちじょう】 • ordinary, regular, everyday, usual

② 畑【はたけ】 • ① field (for fruits, vegetables, etc.), cultivated land, vegetable plot, kitchen garden, plantation ② field (of specialization), sphere, area

② 放る【ほうる】 • ① to let go, to abandon, to leave undone ② to throw, to toss, to fling

② 防犯【ぼうはん】 • prevention of crime

② 夜間【やかん】 • at night, nighttime

② 役所【やくしょ】 • government office, public office

② 役人【やくにん】 • government official

② 役目【やくめ】 • duty, business, role

② 録音【ろくおん】 • (audio) recording

② 中指【なかゆび】 • middle finger

② 温かい【あたたかい】 • warm, mild, genial

② 打ち合わせ【うちあわせ】 • business meeting, previous arrangement, appointment, preparatory meeting

② ため息【ためいき】 • sigh

② 引っ込む【ひっこむ】 • to draw back, to sink, to cave in

② 延長【えんちょう】 • ① extension, elongation, prolongation, lengthening ② Enchou era (923.4.11-931.4.26)

② 解放【かいほう】 • ① release, unleashing, liberation, emancipation, setting free ② deallocation (of computer memory)

② 灰色【はいいろ】 • grey, gray, ashen

② 覚ます【さます】 • ① to awaken ② to disabuse ③ to sober up

② 乾かす【かわかす】 • to dry (clothes, etc.), to desiccate

② 甘やかす【あまやかす】 • to pamper, to spoil

② 寄せる【よせる】 • ① to come near, to let someone approach ② to collect, to gather, to receive ③ to add ④ to put aside

② 機関【きかん】 • ① engine ② agency, organisation, organization, institution, organ ③ system, facility, facilities

② 気圧【きあつ】 • atmospheric pressure

② 漁師【りょうし】 • fisherman

② 近寄る【ちかよる】 • to approach, to draw near

② 群れ【むれ】 • group, crowd, flock, herd, bevy, school, swarm, cluster (of stars), clump

② 見舞う【みまう】 • to ask after (health), to visit

② 呼びかける【よびかける】 • to call out to, to accost, to address (crowd), to appeal

② 候補【こうほ】 • ① candidate, contender, prospect, pick, choice, list ② candidacy, candidature, nomination

② 口紅【くちべに】 • lipstick

② 講師【こうし】 • lecturer

② 再【さい】 • re-, again, repeated

② 散る【ちる】 • ① to fall (e.g. blossoms, leaves) ② to scatter, to be dispersed ③ to disappear, to dissolve, to break up ④ to spread, to run, to blur ⑤ to die a noble death

② 刺さる【ささる】 • to stick, to be stuck

② 自宅【じたく】 • one's home

② 湿る【しめる】 • to be wet, to become wet, to be damp

② 床屋【とこや】 • barbershop, barber

② 畳む【たたむ】 • ① to fold (clothes) ② to close (a shop) ③ to vacate

② 寝間着【ねまき】 • sleep-wear, nightclothes, pyjamas, pajamas, nightgown, nightdress

② 心得る【こころえる】 • to be informed, to have thorough knowledge

② 針金【はりがね】 • wire

② 姓【せい】 • ① surname, family name ② hereditary title (used in ancient Japan to denote rank and political standing)

② 束【たば】 • bundle, bunch, sheaf

② 大戦【たいせん】 • great war, great battle

② 段階【だんかい】 • gradation, grade, stage, steps, order, class, phase

② 着替え【きがえ】 • changing clothes, change of clothes

② 定規【じょうぎ】 • (measuring) ruler

② 突く【つく】 • ① to prick, to stab ② to poke, to prod, to push, to thrust, to nudge, to hit, to strike ③ to use (a cane), to prop oneself up with, to press against (the floor, etc.) ④ to attack ⑤ to brave (the rain, etc.)

② 破れる【やぶれる】 • to get torn, to wear out

② 拝見【はいけん】 • seeing, look at

② 革【かわ】 • leather

② 複数【ふくすう】 • several, plural, plurality, multiple

② 分解【ぶんかい】 • ① disassembly, dismantling, disaggregating, analysis, disintegrating, decomposing, degrading ② factorization ③ decomposition, resolution ④ deblocking

② 文芸【ぶんげい】 • literature, art and literature, belles-lettres

② 並行【へいこう】 • (going) side by side, concurrent, abreast, at the same time, occurring together, parallel, parallelism

② 編【へん】 • ① compilation (of a text), editing ② volume (of a text) ③ completed literary work

② 補う【おぎなう】 • to compensate for, to supplement

② 名刺【めいし】 • business card

② 目覚まし【めざまし】 • ① alarm clock ② opening one's eyes, keeping one's eyes open ③ type of candy given to a child after it wakes up from a nap

② 翌日【よくじつ】 • next day

② 乱暴【らんぼう】 • rude, violent, rough, lawless, unreasonable, reckless

② 裏返す【うらがえす】 • to turn inside out, to turn the other way, to turn (something) over

② 連れ【つれ】 • companion, company

② 抱く【だく】 • ① to embrace, to hold in the arms (e.g. a baby), to hug ② to harbour (e.g. grudge) (harbor), to bear (e.g. a grudge), to entertain (e.g. suspicion) ③ to sleep with ④ to sit on eggs

② 押さえる【おさえる】 • ① to pin something down, to hold something down, to hold something back, to stop, to restrain, to curb ② to seize, to grasp, to arrest ③ to gain control of something, to govern, to keep down (e.g. information), to suppress ④ to catch happening, to determine (important points), to find (proof), to understand

② 共同【きょうどう】 • doing together (as equals), sharing, common (land, etc.), joint (statement, etc.), cooperation, co-operation, collaboration, association

② 組み合わせ【くみあわせ】 • combination

② すれ違う【すれちがう】 • to pass by one another, to disagree, to miss each other

② 測る【はかる】 • ① to measure, to weigh, to survey, to time (sound, gauge, estimate) ② to conjecture, to infer, to surmise

② 果たして【はたして】 • ① as was expected, just as one thought, sure enough, as a result ② really? (in questions), ever?

② 人差し指【ひとさしゆび】 • index finger

② 増やす【ふやす】 • to increase, to add to, to augment

② 編集【へんしゅう】 • editing, compilation, editorial (e.g. committee)

② 干す【ほす】 • ① to air, to dry, to desiccate ② to drain (off) ③ to drink up ④ to deprive of a role, job, etc. (usu. in the passive)

② 見慣れる【みなれる】 • to become used to seeing, to be familiar with

② 段【だん】 • ① step, stair, (flight of) steps, (row of) stitches, columns (of print) ② grade, rank, level ③ counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.)

② 巻【かん】 • volume (of book), reel (of film)

② 破く【やぶく】 • to tear, to violate, to defeat, to smash, to destroy

② 戦【せん】 • match, competition

② 家【か】 • -ist (used after a noun indicating someone's occupation, pursuits, disposition, etc.), -er

② 一応【いちおう】 • once, tentatively, in outline, for the time being, just in case

② 恩【おん】 • favour, favor, obligation, debt of gratitude

② 仮定【かてい】 • assumption, supposition, hypothesis

② 果たす【はたす】 • to accomplish, to fulfill, to carry out, to achieve

② 架空【かくう】 • aerial, overhead, fiction, fanciful

② 殻【から】 • shell, husk, hull, pod, chaff

② 隔てる【へだてる】 • to be shut out, to separate, to isolate

② 勘【かん】 • perception, intuition, the sixth sense

② 看板【かんばん】 • sign, signboard, doorplate, poster, billboard, appearance, figurehead, policy, attraction, closing time

② 興奮【こうふん】 • excitement, stimulation, agitation, arousal

② 系統【けいとう】 • system, family line, geological formation, lineage, ancestry

② あくび • yawn, yawning (and stretching)

② 堅い【かたい】 • ① hard, solid, tough ② stiff, tight, wooden, unpolished (e.g. writing) ③ strong, firm (not viscous or easily moved) ④ safe, steady, honest, steadfast ⑤ obstinate, stubborn ⑥ bookish, formal, stuffy

② 謙虚【けんきょ】 • modesty, humility

② 古典【こてん】 • old book, classics, classic

② 後悔【こうかい】 • regret, repentance

② 高級【こうきゅう】 • high class, high grade

② 砕く【くだく】 • to break, to smash

② 殺人【さつじん】 • murder

② 姿勢【しせい】 • attitude, posture

② 市場【しじょう】 • (the) market (as a concept)

② 受け入れる【うけいれる】 • to accept, to receive

② 受話器【じゅわき】 • (telephone) receiver

② 寿命【じゅみょう】 • life span

② 純粋【じゅんすい】 • pure, true, genuine, unmixed

② 焦点【しょうてん】 • focus (e.g. photographic), focal point

② 澄む【すむ】 • to clear (e.g. weather), to become transparent

② 製作【せいさく】 • manufacture, production

② 先端【せんたん】 • pointed end, tip, fine point, spearhead, cusp, vanguard, advanced, leading edge

② あう • ① to meet, to encounter ② to have an accident, to have a bad experience

② 濁る【にごる】 • to become muddy, to get impure

② 調整【ちょうせい】 • regulation, coordination, adjustment, tuning, modification, alteration

② 展開【てんかい】 • ① development ② expansion (opposite of compression)

② 伝染【でんせん】 • contagion

② 吐く【はく】 • ① to breathe ② to tell (lies) ③ to vomit, to disgorge

② 透明【とうめい】 • transparency, cleanness

② 瞳【ひとみ】 • ① pupil (of eye) ② eye

② 特殊【とくしゅ】 • special, unique

② 独り【ひとり】 • alone, unmarried, solitary

② 発射【はっしゃ】 • firing, shooting, discharge, catapult, ejaculation (sl)

② 縫う【ぬう】 • ① to sew, to stitch ② to weave one's way (e.g. through a crowd)

② 膨らむ【ふくらむ】 • to expand, to swell (out), to get big, to become inflated

② 愉快【ゆかい】 • pleasant, happy

② 浴室【よくしつ】 • bathroom, bath

② 臨時【りんじ】 • temporary, special, extraordinary

② 廊下【ろうか】 • corridor

② 消耗【しょうもう】 • exhaustion, consumption, waste, dissipation

② 塊【かたまり】 • lump, mass, bundle, clump, clod, cluster

② 整う【ととのう】 • to be prepared, to be in order, to be put in order, to be arranged

② 載せる【のせる】 • to load (luggage), to carry, to take on board

② 響き【ひびき】 • echo, sound, reverberation, noise

② くしゃみ • sneeze

② いったん • ① once ② for a moment, temporarily

② よる • ① to be due to, to be caused by ② to depend on, to turn on ③ to be based on, to come from

② そば • ① buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) ② soba (Japanese buckwheat noodles)

② 隙間【すきま】 • crevice, crack, gap, opening

② ごめん • your pardon, declining (something), dismissal, permission

② こする • to rub, to scrub

② 錆びる【さびる】 • to rust, to become rusty

② 尖る【とがる】 • ① to taper to a point, to become sharp ② to look displeased, to look sour

② 狙う【ねらう】 • to aim at

② それなら • If that's the case ..., If so ..., That being the case ...

② 揃う【そろう】 • ① to become complete, to be all present, to be a full set, to have everything at one's disposal ② to be equal, to be uniform ③ to gather, to assemble

② つぶれる • ① to be smashed ② to become useless, to cease functioning ③ to go bankrupt

② 秤【はかり】 • scales, weighing machine

② 撫でる【なでる】 • to brush gently, to stroke, to caress

② あくまで • to the end, to the bitter end, to the last, stubbornly, persistently, to the utmost

② さすが • ① as one would expect ② still, all the same ③ even... (e.g. "even a genius...")

② 煉瓦【れんが】 • brick

② いずれ • ① where, which, who ② anyway, anyhow, at any rate, sooner or later, eventually, at some future date or time

② ふざける • to romp, to gambol, to frolic, to joke, to make fun of, to flirt, to mess around, to screw around, to josh

② こしらえる • to make, to manufacture

② 眩しい【まぶしい】 • dazzling, radiant

② もたらす • to bring, to take, to bring about

② あるいは • or, possibly

② かな • Japanese syllabary (alphabets), kana

② きっかけ • chance, start, cue, excuse, motive, impetus, occasion

② 芯【しん】 • ① wick, marrow, staple (for stapler), (pencil) lead, stuffing, pith ② core, heart, centre, center

② みつかる • to be found, to be discovered

② くわえる • to hold in one's mouth

② なる • to bear fruit

② 注ぐ【つぐ】 • (usu. written as kana when referring to a solid) to pour (into a vessel), to fill, to dish out food or drink

① あっさり • easily, readily, quickly

① いやに • awfully, terribly

① きっちり • ① punctually, on the dot, precisely ② closely, tightly, (fits) like a glove ③ without fail

① きっぱり • clearly, plainly, decisively, distinctly, flatly

① しくじる • to fail, to fall through, to blunder

① じっくり • deliberately, carefully

① すんなり • pass with no objection, slim, slender

① ぞんざい • rude, careless, slovenly

① でかい • huge, gargantuan

① どうやら • it seems like, it appears that, somehow or other

① ひょっと • possibly, accidentally

① ふらふら • unsteady on one's feet, stagger, reel, totter, dizzy

① 入る【いる】 • to get in, to go in, to come in, to flow into, to set, to set in

① 間【ま】 • space, room, time, pause

① 持てる【もてる】 • ① to be able to possess (hold, get, etc.) ② to be well liked, to be popular, to be pampered (spoiled, doted upon, etc.), to be welcomed ③ to endure (the tests of time, the elements, etc.), to last ④ possessed ⑤ possessing riches, having wealth

① 答【こたえ】 • response, reply, answer, solution

① 読者【どくしゃ】 • reader

① 音【おん】 • ① sound, noise, report ② note (music) ③ Chinese-derived character reading

① 引き取る【ひきとる】 • to take charge of, to take over, to retire to a private place

① 集金【しゅうきん】 • money collection

① 投書【とうしょ】 • letter to the editor, letter from a reader, contribution

① 交わす【かわす】 • ① to exchange (messages, greetings, arguments, etc.) ② to intersect, to cross ③ to dodge, to parry, to avoid, to turn aside

① 指示【しじ】 • indication, instruction, designation, directions

① 内臓【ないぞう】 • internal organs, intestines, viscera

① 仕掛け【しかけ】 • device, contrivance, trick, mechanism, gadget, (small) scale, half finished, commencement, set up, challenge, attack

① 明白【めいはく】 • obvious, clear, plain, evident, apparent, explicit, overt

① お手上げ【おてあげ】 • all over, given in, given up hope, bring to knees

① 暗示【あんじ】 • hint, suggestion

① 案の定【あんのじょう】 • just as one thought, as usual

① 意図【いと】 • intention, aim, design

① 異論【いろん】 • different opinion, objection

① 育ち【そだち】 • breeding, growth

① 一切【いっさい】 • all, everything, without exception, the whole, entirely, absolutely

① 一変【いっぺん】 • complete change, about-face

① 一目【いちもく】 • ① (a) glance, (a) look, (a) glimpse ② (a) stone (in Go) ③ complete view, bird's-eye view

① 映像【えいぞう】 • reflection, image, picture (e.g. on a television), shot, clip

① 沿う【そう】 • ① to run along, to run beside ② to follow (a plan, etc.), to act in accordance with

① 演じる【えんじる】 • to perform (a play), to play (a part), to act (a part), to commit (a blunder)

① 縁【えん】 • ① fate, destiny (esp. as a mysterious force that binds two people together) ② relationship (e.g. between two people), bond, link, connection ③ family ties, affinity ④ opportunity, chance (to meet someone and start a relationship) ⑤ pratyaya (indirect conditions, as opposed to direct causes) ⑥ narrow open-air veranda

① 押し寄せる【おしよせる】 • to advance on, to close in, to march on, to descend on (the enemy), to move towards, to surge forward (crowd, wave of nostalgia, wave, etc.), to rush for (the door), to inundate, to overwhelm, to push aside

① 押し込む【おしこむ】 • ① to push into, to crowd into ② to break in, to burglarize

① 臆病【おくびょう】 • cowardice, timidity

① 何より【なにより】 • most, best, above all

① 加工【かこう】 • manufacturing, processing, treatment, machining

① 果てる【はてる】 • ① to end, to be finished, to be exhausted, to die, to perish ② indicates an extreme has been reached

① 火星【かせい】 • Mars (planet)

① 花粉【かふん】 • pollen

① 荷【に】 • ① load, baggage, cargo, freight, goods ② burden, responsibility

① 過労【かろう】 • overwork, strain

① 解剖【かいぼう】 • ① dissection, autopsy ② analysis

① 格【かく】 • status, character, case

① 獲物【えもの】 • game, spoils, trophy

① 確定【かくてい】 • ① decision, settlement ② definition

① 確保【かくほ】 • guarantee, maintain, ensure, insure, secure, reservation

① 革命【かくめい】 • ① revolution ② 58th year of the sexagenary cycle (in onmyou-dou)

① 滑らか【なめらか】 • smoothness, glassiness

① 株式【かぶしき】 • stock (company)

① 耐える【たえる】 • ① to bear, to stand, to endure, to put up with ② to support, to withstand, to resist, to brave ③ to be fit for, to be equal to

① 寛容【かんよう】 • forbearance, tolerance, generosity

① 幹部【かんぶ】 • management, (executive) staff, leaders, leadership, top brass, upper echelons

① 感触【かんしょく】 • sense of touch, feeling, sensation, texture (of food while chewing)

① 監視【かんし】 • observation, guarding, inspection, surveillance

① 簡潔【かんけつ】 • brevity, conciseness, simplicity

① 簡素【かんそ】 • simplicity, plain

① 緩める【ゆるめる】 • to loosen, to slow down

① 観衆【かんしゅう】 • spectators, onlookers, members of the audience

① 貫く【つらぬく】 • to go through

① 丸める【まるめる】 • to make round, to round off, to roll up, to curl up, to seduce, to cajole, to explain away

① 器官【きかん】 • organ (of body), instrument

① 気軽【きがる】 • ① carefree, buoyant, lighthearted, sprightly ② ease

① 規格【きかく】 • standard, norm

① 記す【しるす】 • ① to write down, to note ② to remember

① 技能【ぎのう】 • technical skill, ability, capacity

① 義理【ぎり】 • duty, sense of duty, honor, honour, decency, courtesy, debt of gratitude, social obligation

① 客観【きゃっかん】 • object (as opposed to subject)

① 許容【きょよう】 • permission, pardon

① 距離【きょり】 • distance, range

① 共感【きょうかん】 • sympathy, empathy, response

① 教科【きょうか】 • subject, curriculum

① 脅す【おどす】 • to threaten, to menace

① 驚き【おどろき】 • surprise, astonishment, wonder

① 極端【きょくたん】 • extreme, extremity

① 勤務【きんむ】 • service, duty, work

① 緊急【きんきゅう】 • urgent, pressing, emergency

① 空間【くうかん】 • space, room, airspace

① 群【ぐん】 • ① group (of animals) ② group

① 傾ける【かたむける】 • to incline, to list, to bend, to lean, to tip, to tilt, to slant, to concentrate on, to ruin (a country), to squander, to empty

① 形成【けいせい】 • formation, molding, taking form

① 掲げる【かかげる】 • ① to publish, to print, to carry (an article) ② to put up, to hang out, to hoist, to fly (a sail), to float (a flag), to tout ③ to set forth (provision)

① 経る【へる】 • to pass, to elapse, to experience

① 経過【けいか】 • passage, expiration, progress, transition

① 欠く【かく】 • to lack, to break, to crack, to chip

① 決断【けつだん】 • decision, determination

① 健全【けんぜん】 • health, soundness, wholesome

① 見渡す【みわたす】 • to look out over, to survey (scene), to take an extensive view of

① 見落とす【みおとす】 • to overlook, to fail to notice, to miss (seeing)

① 原則【げんそく】 • principle, general rule

① 限定【げんてい】 • limit, restriction

① 個性【こせい】 • individuality, personality, idiosyncrasy

① 古代【こだい】 • ancient times

① 固定【こてい】 • fixation, fixing (e.g. salary, capital)

① 孤独【こどく】 • isolation, loneliness, solitude

① 孤立【こりつ】 • isolation, helplessness

① 誤差【ごさ】 • measurement error, calculation error

① 交互【こうご】 • mutual, reciprocal, alternate

① 交渉【こうしょう】 • ① negotiations, discussions ② connection

① 公団【こうだん】 • public corporation

① 好意【こうい】 • good will, favor, favour, courtesy

① 巧妙【こうみょう】 • ingenious, skillful, clever, deft

① 広まる【ひろまる】 • to spread, to be propagated

① 洪水【こうずい】 • flood

① 荒っぽい【あらっぽい】 • rough, rude

① 行為【こうい】 • act, deed, conduct

① 告げる【つげる】 • to inform

① 込める【こめる】 • to include, to put into

① 昆虫【こんちゅう】 • insect, bug

① 根拠【こんきょ】 • basis, foundation

① 根本【こんぽん】 • root, source, origin, foundation, base, principle

① 混同【こんどう】 • confusion, mixing, merger

① 佐【さ】 • help

① 詐欺【さぎ】 • fraud, swindle, graft

① 作【さく】 • a work, a harvest

① 作り【つくり】 • ① making, producing, manufacturing, building, construction, make, structure ② appearance (i.e. attire, make-up) ③ build (i.e. physique) ④ sashimi ⑤ forced (smile, etc.)

① 作戦【さくせん】 • ① tactics, strategy ② military or naval operations

① 使命【しめい】 • mission, errand, message

① 思考【しこう】 • thought, consideration, thinking

① 指揮【しき】 • command, direction

① 施す【ほどこす】 • to donate, to give, to conduct, to apply, to perform

① 資格【しかく】 • qualifications, requirements, capabilities

① 自ずから【おのずから】 • naturally, as a matter of course

① 軸【じく】 • axis, stem, shaft, axle

① 実家【じっか】 • (one's parents') home

① 収まる【おさまる】 • ① to be in one's place, to be installed, to settle into ② to be delivered, to be obtained, to be paid ③ to be settled, to be sorted out ④ to lessen (e.g. of storms, pain), to calm down ⑤ to be fit tightly into (e.g. a frame), to be sheathed (in a scabbard)

① 修飾【しゅうしょく】 • ① ornamentation, embellishment, decoration, adornment, polish up (writing) ② modification, qualification

① 襲う【おそう】 • ① to attack, to assail, to make an assault, to strike, to hunt down ② to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.) ③ to make a sudden visit

① 充実【じゅうじつ】 • ① fullness, completion, perfection, substantiality, enrichment ② replenishment, repletion

① 塾【じゅく】 • coaching school, cramming school, juku

① 出血【しゅっけつ】 • bleeding, haemorrhage, hemorrhage

① 出現【しゅつげん】 • appearance, arrival, make one's appearance

① 所有【しょゆう】 • one's possessions, ownership

① 勝手【かって】 • ① one's own convenience, one's way ② convenience or ease of use, knowledge of how to use ③ circumstances, situation (e.g. financial), environment ④ kitchen ⑤ arbitrary

① 唱える【となえる】 • ① to recite, to chant ② to call upon

① 小銭【こぜに】 • coins, small change

① 小柄【こがら】 • short (build)

① 照明【しょうめい】 • illumination

① 症【しょう】 • illness

① 情熱【じょうねつ】 • passion, enthusiasm, zeal

① 職員【しょくいん】 • staff member, personnel

① 振り返る【ふりかえる】 • to turn head, to look over one's shoulder, to turn around, to look back

① 新婚【しんこん】 • newly-wed

① 新人【しんじん】 • ① new face, newcomer ② modern humans (from Cro-Magnon man onwards)

① 身なり【みなり】 • personal appearance

① 人格【じんかく】 • personality, character, individuality

① 尽きる【つきる】 • to be used up, to be run out, to be exhausted, to be consumed, to come to an end

① 尽くす【つくす】 • ① to exhaust, to run out ② to devote, to serve (a person), to befriend ③ to do to exhaustion

① 迅速【じんそく】 • quick, fast, rapid, swift, prompt, streamlined, expedited, expeditious

① 垂れる【たれる】 • ① to hang, to droop, to dangle, to sag, to lower, to pull down ② to leave behind (at death), to give, to confer ③ to drip, to ooze, to trickle, to drop

① 推測【すいそく】 • guess, conjecture

① 据える【すえる】 • ① to place (in position), to fix, to set (e.g. table), to lay (foundation) ② to install, to seat (someone) ③ to settle (upon something), to fix (e.g. one's gaze) ④ to apply (moxa)

① 澄ます【すます】 • to clear, to make clear, to be unruffled, to look unconcerned, to look demure, to look prim, to put on airs

① 世辞【せじ】 • flattery, compliment

① 制服【せいふく】 • uniform

① 整える【ととのえる】 • ① to put in order, to arrange, to adjust ② to get ready, to prepare ③ to raise money

① 正規【せいき】 • regular, normal, legal, formal, established, legitimate

① 生まれつき【うまれつき】 • by nature, by birth, native

① 生真面目【きまじめ】 • too serious, person who is too serious, honesty, sincerity

① 生身【なまみ】 • ① living flesh, flesh and blood ② physical body of Buddha or a bodhisattva

① 静止【せいし】 • stillness, repose, standing still

① 惜しむ【おしむ】 • ① to be frugal, to be sparing ② to value, to hold dear ③ to regret (e.g. a loss), to feel sorry (for) ④ to be unwilling, to be reluctant

① 設ける【もうける】 • to create, to establish

① 設置【せっち】 • establishment, institution

① 設定【せってい】 • ① establishment, creation ② options or preference settings (in computer software), configuration, assignment, setup

① 先だって【せんだって】 • recently, the other day

① 選考【せんこう】 • selection, screening

① 鮮やか【あざやか】 • vivid, clear, brilliant

① 前置き【まえおき】 • preface, introduction

① 禅【ぜん】 • ① dhyana (profound meditation) ② Zen (Buddhism)

① 素材【そざい】 • raw materials, subject matter

① 相応【そうおう】 • suitability, fitness

① 装備【そうび】 • equipment

① 造り【つくり】 • make-up, structure, physique

① 側面【そくめん】 • side, flank, sidelight, lateral

① 体裁【ていさい】 • decency, style, form, appearance, show, get-up, format

① 帯【たい】 • band (e.g. conduction, valence), belt (e.g. Van-Allen, asteroid, etc.)

① 待ち合わせ【まちあわせ】 • appointment

① 待遇【たいぐう】 • treatment, reception

① 滞る【とどこおる】 • to stagnate, to be delayed

① 大胆【だいたん】 • bold, daring, audacious

① 値打ち【ねうち】 • value, worth, price, dignity

① 知的【ちてき】 • intellectual

① 地元【じもと】 • ① home area, home town ② local

① 地獄【じごく】 • hell

① 中断【ちゅうだん】 • interruption, suspension, break

① 中立【ちゅうりつ】 • neutrality

① 直感【ちょっかん】 • intuition, instinct, insight, hunch

① 沈黙【ちんもく】 • silence, reticence

① 津波【つなみ】 • tsunami, tidal wave

① 通常【つうじょう】 • common, general, normal, usual

① 定める【さだめる】 • to decide, to establish, to determine

① 訂正【ていせい】 • correction, revision, amendment

① 天【てん】 • ① sky ② heaven ③ svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth) ④ deva (divine being of Buddhism)

① 転換【てんかん】 • convert, divert

① 点検【てんけん】 • inspection, examination, checking

① 吐く【つく】 • ① to breathe ② to tell (lies) ③ to vomit, to disgorge

① 登録【とうろく】 • registration, accession, register, entry, record

① 冬眠【とうみん】 • hibernation, winter sleep

① 投げ出す【なげだす】 • to throw down, to abandon, to sacrifice, to throw out

① 投資【とうし】 • investment

① 逃げ出す【にげだす】 • to run away, to escape from

① 逃す【のがす】 • to let loose, to set free, to let escape

① 動き【うごき】 • movement, activity, trend, development, change

① 動機【どうき】 • motive, incentive, motif

① 動向【どうこう】 • trend, tendency, movement, attitude

① 同士【どうし】 • fellow, mutual, companion, comrade, bonding

① 同情【どうじょう】 • sympathy, compassion, sympathize, sympathise, pity, feel for

① 特有【とくゆう】 • characteristic (of), peculiar (to)

① 内心【ないしん】 • innermost thoughts, real intention, inmost heart, one's mind, in the heart

① 難【なん】 • difficulty, hardships, defect

① 肉体【にくたい】 • the body, the flesh

① 認識【にんしき】 • recognition, cognizance, cognisance

① 年号【ねんごう】 • name of an era, year number

① 念【ねん】 • sense, idea, thought, feeling, desire, concern, attention, care

① 脳【のう】 • brain, memory

① 把握【はあく】 • grasp, catch, understanding

① 背景【はいけい】 • background, scenery, setting, circumstance

① 発言【はつげん】 • utterance, speech, proposal

① 発作【ほっさ】 • fit, spasm

① 抜け出す【ぬけだす】 • ① to slip out, to sneak away, to excel ② to break (out of a loop)

① 反応【はんのう】 • reaction, response

① 反射【はんしゃ】 • ① reflection, reverberation ② reflex (medical)

① 煩わしい【わずらわしい】 • troublesome, annoying, complicated

① 悲鳴【ひめい】 • shriek, scream

① 扉【とびら】 • ① door, gate, opening ② title page

① 避難【ひなん】 • taking refuge, finding shelter, evacuation, escape

① 非行【ひこう】 • delinquency, misconduct

① 備え付ける【そなえつける】 • to provide, to furnish, to equip, to install

① 眉【まゆ】 • eyebrow, eyebrows

① 必然【ひつぜん】 • inevitable, necessary

① 漂う【ただよう】 • to drift about, to float, to hang in air

① 票【ひょう】 • label, ballot, ticket, sign

① 描写【びょうしゃ】 • depiction, description, portrayal

① 品質【ひんしつ】 • (material) quality

① 不吉【ふきつ】 • ominous, sinister, bad luck, ill omen, inauspiciousness

① 不審【ふしん】 • incomplete understanding, doubt, question, distrust, suspicion, strangeness, infidelity

① 不明【ふめい】 • unknown, obscure, indistinct, uncertain, ambiguous, ignorant, lack of wisdom, anonymous, unidentified

① 付け加える【つけくわえる】 • to add one thing to another

① 負う【おう】 • ① to bear, to carry on one's back ② to take responsibility for, to accept a duty ③ to be injured ④ to owe

① 舞う【まう】 • ① to dance (orig. a whirling dance) ② to flutter about, to revolve

① 物体【ぶったい】 • body, object

① 分業【ぶんぎょう】 • division of labor, division of labour, specialization, specialisation, assembly-line production

① 分配【ぶんぱい】 • division, sharing, distribution, dissemination, allocation

① 分裂【ぶんれつ】 • split, division, break up

① 平常【へいじょう】 • normal, usual

① 柄【え】 • ① handle, grip ② stalk (of a mushroom, leaf, etc.)

① 偏見【へんけん】 • prejudice, narrow view

① 保つ【たもつ】 • to keep, to preserve, to hold, to retain, to maintain, to support, to sustain, to last, to endure, to keep well (food), to wear well, to be durable

① 補強【ほきょう】 • compensation, reinforcement

① 補充【ほじゅう】 • ① supplementation, supplement, replenishment, replenishing, replacement, refilling ② to replace, to refill, to replenish

① 報酬【ほうしゅう】 • remuneration, recompense, reward, toll

① 報道【ほうどう】 • information, report, journalism

① 放り込む【ほうりこむ】 • to throw into

① 放り出す【ほうりだす】 • to throw out, to fire, to expel, to give up, to abandon, to neglect

① 方式【ほうしき】 • form, method, system, formula

① 暴力【ぼうりょく】 • violence, mayhem

① 冒頭【ぼうとう】 • beginning, start, outset

① 本能【ほんのう】 • instinct

① 本名【ほんみょう】 • real name

① 埋める【うずめる】 • ① to cover, to bury (e.g. one's face in hands), to submerge ② to fill (completely), to stuff, to pack, to cram, to fill up

① 埋め込む【うめこむ】 • to bury, to embed

① 満たす【みたす】 • ① to satisfy, to ingratiate, to fulfill ② to fill (e.g. a cup) ③ to reach (a certain number)

① 無言【むごん】 • silence

① 無口【むくち】 • reticence, taciturnity

① 優先【ゆうせん】 • preference, priority, precedence

① 有望【ゆうぼう】 • good prospects, full of hope, promising

① 夕暮れ【ゆうぐれ】 • evening, (evening) twilight

① 予感【よかん】 • presentiment, premonition

① 予想【よそう】 • expectation, anticipation, prediction, forecast, conjecture

① 余地【よち】 • place, room, margin, scope

① 用件【ようけん】 • business, thing to be done, something that should be perfomed, information that should be conveyed

① 用紙【ようし】 • ① blank form ② sheets of paper, sheet of paper

① 欲望【よくぼう】 • desire, appetite, lust

① 乱れる【みだれる】 • ① to be disordered, to be disarranged, to be disarrayed, to be disheveled, to be dishevelled ② to be discomposed, to be upset, to get confused, to be disturbed ③ to lapse into chaos (due to war, etc.)

① 良質【りょうしつ】 • good quality, superior quality

① 領域【りょういき】 • area, domain, territory, field, range, region, regime

① 連中【れんちゅう】 • colleagues, company, a lot, those guys (slightly impolite)

① 露【つゆ】 • dew

① 論理【ろんり】 • ① logic ② logical

① 惑星【わくせい】 • planet

① 一筋【ひとすじ】 • ① one long straight object (e.g. strand of hair, beam of light) ② a single bloodline ③ earnest, resolute, intent ④ ordinary, common

① 人影【ひとかげ】 • ① figure(s) of a person (persons) ② shadow of a person

① 人目【ひとめ】 • public gaze, public notice

① 善し悪し【よしあし】 • good or bad, merits or demerits, quality, suitability

① 早急【そうきゅう】 • urgent

① 描く【かく】 • to draw, to paint, to sketch, to depict, to describe

① 乏しい【とぼしい】 • meagre, meager, scarce, limited, destitute, hard up, lacking, scanty, poor

① 予言【よげん】 • prediction, promise, prognostication

① 襟【えり】 • neck, collar, lapel, neckband

① 箇所【かしょ】 • passage, place, point, part

① 微か【かすか】 • faint, dim, weak, indistinct, hazy, poor, wretched

① 肝心【かんじん】 • essential, fundamental, crucial, vital, main

① 心【しん】 • ① heart, mind ② spirit, vitality, inner strength ③ Chinese "Heart" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)

① 専用【せんよう】 • ① exclusive use, personal use, dedicated ② private (e.g. network)

① 添える【そえる】 • ① to garnish, to accompany (as a card does a gift) ② to add to as support, to prop up ③ to accompany (as an aid, guide, translator, etc.)

① 時折【ときおり】 • sometimes

① 止める【とどめる】 • ① to stop, to stay (e.g. the night), to cease, to put an end to ② to contain, to keep (in position, in place), to limit ③ to record (e.g. a fact), to retain

① 取引【とりひき】 • transactions, dealings, business

① 日焼け【ひやけ】 • ① sunburn ② suntan

① 前もって【まえもって】 • in advance, beforehand, previously

① 見込み【みこみ】 • forecast, prospects, expectation, hope

① 見積もり【みつもり】 • estimation, quotation

① 世【よ】 • world, society, age, generation

① 理屈【りくつ】 • theory, reason

① 了承【りょうしょう】 • acknowledgement, acknowledgment, understanding (e.g. "please be understanding of the mess during our renovation"), noting, acceptance

① 行ける【いける】 • to look (taste, etc.) good

① 隊【たい】 • party, company, body (of troops), corps

① 書【しょ】 • ① document, book ② penmanship, handwriting, calligraphy (esp. Chinese)

① いかにも • indeed, really, phrase meaning agreement

① 汚れる【けがれる】 • to be violated, to be corrupted, to be polluted, to be stained

① 顎【あご】 • chin, jaw

① 粥【かゆ】 • thin rice porridge, watery cooked rice, rice gruel

① 怯える【おびえる】 • to become frightened, to be frightened (of), to be scared (of)

① まして • ① still more, to say nothing of, not to mention ② still less (with neg. verb)

① 戸惑う【とまどう】 • to be bewildered, to be perplexed

① 裾【すそ】 • (trouser) cuff, (skirt) hem, cut edge of a hairdo, fringe, foot of mountain

① なるたけ • as much as possible, if possible

① 赤らめる【あからめる】 • to blush, to redden

① 束の間【つかのま】 • moment, brief time, brief, transient

① 唾【つば】 • saliva, spit, sputum

① 叩く【はたく】 • ① to strike, to clap, to dust, to beat ② to play drums ③ to abuse, to flame (e.g. on the Internet), to insult ④ to use up money

① つつく • ① to poke (repeatedly, lightly), to nudge ② to peck at (one's food), to pick at ③ to peck at (someone's faults, etc.) ④ to egg on, to put up to

① なめる • ① to lick ② to taste ③ to experience (esp. a hardship) ④ to make fun of, to make light of, to put down, to treat with contempt

① かかと • heel (of foot, shoe, stocking, etc.)

① 歪む【ゆがむ】 • to warp, to swerve, to deflect, to be crooked, to be distorted, to be bent, to incline, to slant, to be perverted, to be gross-grained, to get bent, to be strained

① 歪む【いがむ】 • to warp, to swerve, to deflect, to be crooked, to be distorted, to be bent, to incline, to slant, to be perverted, to be gross-grained, to get bent, to be strained

① 歪む【ひずむ】 • to warp, to swerve, to deflect, to be crooked, to be distorted, to be bent, to incline, to slant, to be perverted, to be gross-grained, to get bent, to be strained

① きっかけ • chance, start, cue, excuse, motive, impetus, occasion

① 混む【こむ】 • ① to be crowded, to be packed ② to be complex ③ to go into, to put into, to remain (seated), to be plunged into (silence), to do thoroughly ④ to do intently ⑤ to continue in the same state

① こもる • ① to seclude oneself, to be confined in ② to be filled (e.g. with emotion, satire, etc.), to be heavy (with) ③ to be stuffy ④ to be implied

① 途切れる【とぎれる】 • to pause, to be interrupted

① 留める【とどめる】 • ① to stop, to stay (e.g. the night), to cease, to put an end to ② to contain, to keep (in position, in place), to limit ③ to record (e.g. a fact), to retain

① とりあえず • at once, first of all, for the time being, for now

① よほど • ① very, greatly, much, to a large extent, quite ② just about to

① わざわざ • expressly, specially, doing something especially rather than incidentally

あっという間に【あっというまに】 • just like that (lit: in the time it takes to say "Ah!"), in the twinkling of an eye, in the blink of an eye

うじゃうじゃ • in swarms

おい • ① hey!, oi! ② me

くしゃくしゃ • crumpled, disheveled, dishevelled, feel gloomy

こそこそ • sneakily, move stealthily

させる • to make (someone) do

それら • those over there

ちゃり • bicycle;

つい • ① just (now) ② quite (near) ③ unintentionally, unconsciously, by mistake, against one's better judgement (judgment)

とき • regular (stops at every station) Jouetsu-line Shinkansen

どろどろ • syrupy, muddled

にこやか • smiling

はっと • taken aback

ばれる • to leak out (a secret), to be exposed (a lie, improper behaviour, etc.) (behavior)

ひっそり • quiet, still, silent, deserted

やれやれ • exclamation of relief or disappointment

アイス • ① ice ② ice cream, icecream

アイデア • idea

アイドル • ① idol ② idle

アウト • out

アクセント • ① accent (in language) ② stress, highlight, accent

アシスタント • assistant

アドバイス • advice

インク • ink

エキセントリック • eccentric

エピソード • episode

エンジン • engine

オーケストラ • orchestra

オックスフォード • Oxford

オリジナル • original

カー • car

カオス • chaos

カバー • ① cover (e.g. book) ② kava (Piper methysticum)

カフェ • ① cafe ② hostess bar (serving western alcoholic beverages; Taisho and Showa period)

カラー • ① collar ② color, colour ③ calla (variety of arum lily)

カリキュラム • curriculum

ガールフレンド • girl friend, girlfriend

キス • kiss

クール • ① cool (temperature, color, etc.) ② cool (i.e. calm and collected) ③ cool (i.e. fashionable, attractive, etc.) ④ course (of medical treatment) ⑤ season (series) of a television program (usu. 13 installments over a 3-month period)

クラウン • crown

クラクション • Klaxon, car horn

クラシック • ① classical music ② classic, classical ③ (the) classics

クラブ • ① club (e.g. golf, tennis) ② clubs (card suit) ③ crab

グループ • group (usu. of people)

ケース • ① case (e.g. receptacle, condition, event, legal action, letter style, etc.) ② Computer-Aided Software Engineering, CASE

コピー • ① copy, photocopy ② blurb on a book jacket ③ catch copy

コルク • cork

コンピュータ • computer

ゴルフ • golf

サービス • ① service, support system ② goods or services without charge

サーブ • serve

サイズ • size

サラダ • salad

サングラス • sunglasses

シーツ • sheet

シート • ① seat ② sheet

シーフード • seafood

システム • system

ショー • show

ショルダーバッグ • shoulder bag

シンフォニー • symphony

シンプル • simple

ジーンズ • jeans

ジャガー • jaguar

ジャケット • ① jacket ② book jacket, dust cover

スーツ • suit

スイッチ • switch

スエード • suede

スキャンダル • scandal

スクリーン • screen

スタジオ • studio

スタッフ • ① staff ② stuff

ステージ • ① stage ② performance

ストーリー • story

ストア • ① store ② stoa (classical Greek colonnade or portico)

ストッキング • stockings

ストレス • stress

ストロー • straw

スナップ • ① snap ② snapshot (esp. of people)

スパイス • spice

スペース • space

スムーズ • smooth

スラックス • slacks

スリップ • ① slip (i.e. slide) ② slip (i.e. petticoat) ③ Serial Link IP, SLIP

セックス • sexual intercourse

センス • good taste (for music, style, tact, etc.) (from sense)

センチ • ① centimeter ② centi-, 10^-2 ③ sentimental

ソフト • ① soft ② soft hat ③ software

タイト • tight

タイトル • title

タイル • ① tile ② coating

タオル • (hand) towel

ダイエット • ① diet ② losing weight by any method (e.g. exercise)

チーム • team

チェーン • chain

チェック • check, plaid

チップ • ① gratuity, tip ② chip

チャンス • chance, opportunity

ツイード • tweed

テーマ • topic, theme, project

デート • date, go on a date

デザイン • design

デスク • ① desk ② copy editor

トマト • tomato

トラック • ① truck ② track (running, CD, DVD, etc.)

ドライバー • ① driver (of a vehicle) ② screwdriver ③ driver (golf) ④ driver (device driver)

ドラッグストア • drugstore, pharmacy

ナイロン • nylon

ナプキン • ① (table) napkin, serviette ② sanitary napkin

ナンバー • number

ノウハウ • know-how

ノック • ① knock ② fungo (baseball)

ノブ • ① knob ② doorknob

ハイヒール • high heels, high-heeled shoes

ハンドル • ① handle ② steering wheel ③ (bicycle) handlebar

バー • ① bar ② VAR

バスケットボール • basketball

バッハ • Bach

バランス • balance

バンパー • bumper

パイプ • ① pipe, tube ② channels, official or otherwise, (business) connections ③ tobacco pipe

パネル • panel

ヒール • ① heel ② heel (pro-wrestling) ③ heal

ヒットラー • Hitler

ビジネス • business

ビジネスマン • businessman

ビデオテープ • video tape

ビニール • vinyl

ピンク • pink

ファシズム • fascism

ファン • ① fan ② fun

フェンス • fence

フライト • ① flight ② fright

フランス語 • French (language)

フロント • ① front ② reception (hotel, etc.), front desk

ブラインド • blind

ブラウス • blouse

ブラジャー • bra, brassiere

ブリッジ • bridge

ブルー • ① blue (colour, color) ② sad, down (in the dumps)

プラスチック • plastic

プリント • handout, flyer

プロ • professional

プロジェクト • project

プロセス • process

ベスト • ① best ② vest

ベランダ • balcony, verandah

ホース • hose

ボーイ • ① boy ② bellboy, porter, waiter

ボーイフレンド • boy friend

ボックス • box

ボルト • ① volt ② bolt

ポイント • ① point ② points (of a railway), switch

マスコミ • mass communication, the media

マネージャー • ① manager (e.g. of a business, an idol, etc.) ② in a sports team (esp. at school) someone who does the routine drudge work

マフラー • muffler (garment, vehicle), scarf

マンション • large apartment (from mansion), apartment house

ミニスカート • mini-skirt

ミラー • mirror

ミリ • ① milli-, 10^-3 ② millimetre, millimeter

メーカー • manufacturer, maker

メーター • ① meter (i.e. measuring device) ② metre (i.e. 100 cm), meter

メッセージ • message

メニュー • menu

メモ • memorandum

メロディー • ① melody ② chime

メンバー • member, participant, attendee, lineup (sport)

モラル • ① morals, morality, ethics ② morale

ユニフォーム • uniform

ヨット • yacht (usually only used for a sailing boat with one mast)

ライター • ① lighter ② writer

ライフスタイル • life-style

リスク • risk

リトル • little

リラックス • relax

レール • rail

レバー • ① lever, joystick ② liver

ロビー • lobby, lounge

ワイン • wine

ワックス • wax (for polishing)

下す【くだす】 • ① to make (a decision), to pass (judgement, etc.), to hand down (orders, etc.) ② to let go down, to lower ③ to do oneself, to do by oneself

何ごと【なにごと】 • ① what, something, everything ② nothing (with neg. verb)

いつの間にか【いつのまにか】 • before one knows, before one becomes aware of, unnoticed, unawares

見せかけ【みせかけ】 • seeming, pose, show, pretense

見あたる【みあたる】 • to be found

見分ける【みわける】 • ① to distinguish, to recognize, to recognise, to tell apart, to differentiate (both figuratively and visually) ② to identify (whether an object is positive or negative in some aspect), to know the difference between something of superior and inferior quality (on sight or figuratively)

五分【ごぶ】 • ① half, 50%, tie, evenness ② 5 parts, 5%

後日【ごじつ】 • in the future, another day, later

今ひとつ【いまひとつ】 • ① one more, another, the other ② not quite, not very good, lacking

今さら【いまさら】 • now (after such a long time), at this late hour (i.e. it is too late for something)

四月【しがつ】 • April

上出来【じょうでき】 • good performance

中東【ちゅうとう】 • Middle East

年上【としうえ】 • older, senior

聞かす【きかす】 • to inform about, to read to, to sing for

友だち【ともだち】 • friend, companion

いずれ • ① where, which, who ② anyway, anyhow, at any rate, sooner or later, eventually, at some future date or time

気がつく【きがつく】 • ① to notice, to become aware, to perceive, to realize, to realise ② to recover consciousness, to come to oneself

なかなか • ① very, considerably, easily, readily, fairly, quite, highly, rather ② by no means (with negative verb)

何もかも【なにもかも】 • anything and everything, just about everything

生々しい【なまなましい】 • lively, green, fresh, raw

見かけ【みかけ】 • outward appearance

お気に入り【おきにいり】 • ① favorite, favourite, pet (e.g. teacher's pet) ② bookmark (in web browser)

ブラシ • ① brush ② brushy

見分け【みわけ】 • distinction

高まり【たかまり】 • rise, swell, elevation, upsurge

ごわごわ • stiff, starchy

たった今【たったいま】 • just now, a moment ago, this very minute

かむ • to blow (one's nose)

もぞもぞ • creeping about, stirring restlessly, squirming

高【だか】 • quantity, amount, volume, number, amount of money

生来【せいらい】 • naturally, by nature (birth), congenitally

書き上げる【かきあげる】 • to write out or down, to finish writing

時として【ときとして】 • in some cases, sometimes, on occasions

時半【じはん】 • ① about an hour, short time ② half past (the hour)

トヨタ • Toyota

でっちあげる • ① to fabricate, to invent, to make up (a story), to hoax, to pull a hoax ② to frame someone

とことん • (to) the end, thoroughly

何かしら【なにかしら】 • somehow or other, something or other

ありあり • distinct, clear, vivid

食わす【くわす】 • ① to feed ② to provide ③ to inflict ④ to cheat

それにしても • nevertheless, at any rate, even so

だからこそ • for this reason

ちらりと • fleeting (glimpse, glance, etc.)

てきぱき • briskly, quickly, promptly

ひけらかす • to show off, to make a display (e.g. of wealth)

ひょっとしたら • possibly, by some possibility, perhaps

ほっそり • being slim, slender

読みかける【よみかける】 • to begin to read, to leaf through a book

ちゃう • to do something completely

オリーブ • olive

こまめ • ① taking care, working well ② frequent

ポロシャツ • polo shirt

ノー • no

っぽい • -ish, -like

ぽい • tossing something out, throwing something away

コーヒーポット • coffee pot

そりゃ • ① very, extremely ② that is

なる • ① who is called, that is called ② that is

分の【ぶんの】 • denominator bun no numerator (in writing common fractions), X Yth's (Y bun no X)

下【か】 • under (being in said condition or environment)

ちまう • to do something completely;

これ • (used to get the attention of one's equals or inferiors) hey, oi, yo

それ • there! (used to call someone's attention to something)

分間【ふんかん】 • ~ minutes interval

へったくれ • to hell with, be damned

メモ用紙 • memo pad

言える【いえる】 • to be possible to say, to be able to say

やり方【やりかた】 • manner of doing, way, method, means

ウェイター • waiter

ウェイトレス • waitress

メイド • maid

一理【いちり】 • (a) principle, (a) reason

右手【みぎて】 • right hand

運び出す【はこびだす】 • to carry out

音質【おんしつ】 • tone quality, sound quality

何事【なにごと】 • ① what, something, everything ② nothing (with neg. verb)

開ける【ひらける】 • ① to become opened up, to improve, to get better ② to develop, to progress, to become civilized (civilised), to be up-to-date ③ to be enlightened, to be sensible

気楽【きらく】 • at ease, comfortable

急ぎ【いそぎ】 • haste, hurry, expedition, speed, dispatch

強風【きょうふう】 • strong wind

業界【ぎょうかい】 • industry, business

空き地【あきち】 • vacant land

空白【くうはく】 • blank space, vacuum, space, null (NUL)

元【もと】 • ① origin, source ② base, foundation ③ cause ④ ingredient ⑤ (somebody's) side, (somebody's) location ⑥ original cost (or capital, principal, etc.) ⑦ trunk ⑧ first section of a waka ⑨ counter for blades of grass, tree trunks, etc., and for falcons (in falconry)

言い分【いいぶん】 • one's say, one's point, complaint, excuse

言い聞かせる【いいきかせる】 • to tell someone to do something, to warn, to persuade, to instruct

言動【げんどう】 • speech and conduct

口元【くちもと】 • the mouth, shape of the mouth, near an entrance

行使【こうし】 • use, exercise

国道【こくどう】 • national highway

左手【ひだりて】 • left hand

作り出す【つくりだす】 • ① to manufacture, to produce, to raise (crops) ② to invent, to dream up

作り上げる【つくりあげる】 • to make up, to fabricate, to build up, to complete, to construct

四方八方【しほうはっぽう】 • in all directions

思える【おもえる】 • to seem, to appear likely

死者【ししゃ】 • casualty, deceased

持ち出す【もちだす】 • ① to take out, to carry out, to bring out from where it belongs ② to mention something, to broach a topic, to bring up (a subject), to raise (an issue), to mention

自社【じしゃ】 • ① one's company, company one works for ② in-house, belonging to the company

自体【じたい】 • itself

自発【じはつ】 • spontaneous

車体【しゃたい】 • body (of car), frame

手足【てあし】 • one's hands and feet, limbs

住人【じゅうにん】 • dweller, inhabitant, resident

書き方【かきかた】 • ① way of writing, manner of writing ② penmanship (esp. used in old textbooks), calligraphy ③ format (e.g. of a report) ④ stroke order of a character

ふり • ① pretence (pretense), show ② appearance, behaviour ③ swing, swinging ④ lacking a reservation or introduction (at a restaurant, etc.) ⑤ unsewn part of a hanging sleeve on a traditional Japanese woman's garment

新車【しんしゃ】 • new car

真新しい【まあたらしい】 • brand new

真夜中【まよなか】 • dead of night, midnight

正す【ただす】 • ① to correct, to reform, to amend, to redress ② to adjust, to straighten ③ to ascertain, to confirm, to verify, to make sure of ④ to enquire of someone about something (inquire), to question

前方【ぜんぽう】 • forward, frontward

早起き【はやおき】 • early rising

早朝【そうちょう】 • early morning

足早【あしばや】 • quick-footed, light-footed, quick pace

たどり着く【たどりつく】 • to struggle on to, to arrive somewhere after a struggle, to grope along to, to barely manage to reach, to finally arrive at, to finally hit on (e.g. an idea)

知れる【しれる】 • to become known, to come to light, to be discovered

地上【ちじょう】 • above ground

茶屋【ちゃや】 • tea house, tea dealer

東京【とうきょう】 • Tokyo (current capital of Japan)

同時に【どうじに】 • coincident with, while, simultaneously

発する【はっする】 • to fire (a gun), to emit, to give forth

本心【ほんしん】 • true feelings

夜空【よぞら】 • night sky

立ち【たち】 • stand

話し方【はなしかた】 • way of talking, speaking style

手のひら【てのひら】 • the palm (of one's hand)

入口【いりぐち】 • entrance, entry, gate, approach, mouth

入り口【いりくち】 • entrance, entry, gate, approach, mouth

別人【べつじん】 • different person, someone else, changed man

思い【おもい】 • thought, mind, heart, feelings, emotion, sentiment, love, affection, desire, wish, hope, expectation, imagination, experience

思いつく【おもいつく】 • to think of, to hit upon, to come into one's mind, to be struck with an idea

手すり【てすり】 • handrail, railing

映し出す【うつしだす】 • to project, to reflect

いろんな • various

見ず知らず【みずしらず】 • ① strange, unfamiliar, unknown, new ② unfamiliarity, strangeness, stranger

楽しめる【たのしめる】 • to be able to enjoy

図体【ずうたい】 • body, frame

思い思い【おもいおもい】 • just as one likes, as one pleases

自室【じしつ】 • one's own room

空き家【あきや】 • vacant house, unoccupied house

世界中【せかいじゅう】 • around or throughout the world

お待ち【おまち】 • waiting, waiting time

ありとあらゆる • every single (piece of furniture), every possible (excuse)

もう少し【もうすこし】 • a bit more, a bit longer

そういった • like that, this type

動き出す【うごきだす】 • to come alive, to get going, to start to move

知【ち】 • ① wisdom ② jnana (higher knowledge)

道【どう】 • ① road ② way ③ Buddhist teachings ④ Taoism ⑤ modern administrative region of Japan (Hokkaido) ⑥ historical administrative region of Japan (Tokaido, Tosando, etc.) ⑦ province (Tang-era administrative region of China) ⑧ province (modern administrative region of Korea)

はだける • ① to open, to bare, to expose ② to stretch

お客様【おきゃくさま】 • guest, visitor, customer

その他【そのた】 • etc., otherwise, besides, in addition, the rest, the others, and so forth

一角【いっかく】 • ① corner, section, point ② one horn ③ narwhal (Monodon monoceros)

遠回し【とおまわし】 • indirect (roundabout) expression

横向き【よこむき】 • turning sideways, landscape orientation

下部【かぶ】 • ① substructure, lower part ② subordinate (office), good and faithful servant

加算【かさん】 • addition, adding

快感【かいかん】 • pleasant feeling

楽章【がくしょう】 • (musical) movement

感じ取る【かんじとる】 • to feel

顔立ち【かおだち】 • looks, features

旧式【きゅうしき】 • old type, old style

具【ぐ】 • ① tool, means, ingredients ② counter for armor (armour), suits, sets of furniture

具体【ぐたい】 • concrete, tangible, material

空調【くうちょう】 • air conditioning

型【がた】 • ① model, type (e.g. of machine, goods, etc.) ② type, style, pattern ③ mold (mould), template, model ④ kata (standard form of a movement, posture, etc. in martial arts, sport, etc.) ⑤ form (i.e. customary procedure) ⑥ size (i.e. clothing, shoes)

県立【けんりつ】 • prefectural (institution)

見合う【みあう】 • ① to exchange glances ② to correspond, to counterbalance

後ろ向き【うしろむき】 • back facing, turning one's back to, pessimistic

後部【こうぶ】 • rear, stern

口調【くちょう】 • tone (e.g. of voice, etc.), (verbal) expression

工具【こうぐ】 • tool, implement

合作【がっさく】 • collaboration, joint work

合体【がったい】 • ① union, coalescence, amalgamation, combination, alliance, annexation, incorporation ② copulation, penetration

才【さい】 • ① -years-old ② ability, gift, talent, aptitude, genius

細心【さいしん】 • careful, discreet, scrupulous, prudent

細部【さいぶ】 • details

坂道【さかみち】 • hill road

仕草【しぐさ】 • action, acting, gesture, bearing, treatment, behavior, behaviour

しまう • to finish, to close, to do something completely, to put away, to put an end to

四半期【しはんき】 • quarter (of a year)

思い直す【おもいなおす】 • to re-think, to think back upon, to change one's mind

思い当たる【おもいあたる】 • to come to mind, to recall, to think of

指先【ゆびさき】 • fingertip

留まる【とどまる】 • ① to stop, to halt ② to remain, to abide, to stay (in the one place) ③ to come to a halt ④ to be limited to

私生活【しせいかつ】 • one's private life

持ち合わせる【もちあわせる】 • to happen to have on hand or in stock

時点【じてん】 • point in time, occasion

自他【じた】 • ① oneself and others ② transitive and intransitive

自動的【じどうてき】 • automatic

室内【しつない】 • indoor, inside the room

実体【じったい】 • substance, entity, object

車線【しゃせん】 • traffic lane, road lane

車内【しゃない】 • inside a carriage

取り残す【とりのこす】 • to leave behind

手直し【てなおし】 • adjustment, tweaking, improvement, modification, tinkering, minor alteration, correction

重油【じゅうゆ】 • heavy oil, fuel oil

回る【めぐる】 • ① to go around ② to return ③ to surround ④ to concern (usu. of disputes)

書き直す【かきなおす】 • to write out, to make a fair copy, to rewrite

常用【じょうよう】 • habitual use, daily use

色合い【いろあい】 • hue, tinge, tint

申【さる】 • ninth sign of Chinese zodiac (The Monkey, 3pm-5pm, west-southwest, July)

身上【しんじょう】 • merit, body, social position

まとも • ① the front ② honesty, uprightness, directness ③ decency, normality

前面【ぜんめん】 • ① front part, frontage, facade ② initial pledge (e.g. election), opening slogan

全長【ぜんちょう】 • over-all length, span

草原【そうげん】 • grass-covered plain, grasslands, meadows, savannah, prairie, steppe

足取り【あしどり】 • ① gait, manner of walking (swimming) ② trace (e.g. of route taken by hunted criminal)

多額【たがく】 • large amount of money

多数【たすう】 • ① great number ② countless, majority

対向【たいこう】 • counter-, corresponding, face, opposite

待ち受ける【まちうける】 • to await, to expect

代物【しろもの】 • thing, article, goods, fellow, affair

大型【おおがた】 • large, large scale, big, jumbo

大量【たいりょう】 • large quantity

谷間【たにま】 • ① valley, ravine, chasm, dell ② cleavage

単身【たんしん】 • alone, unaided, away from home

知り合う【しりあう】 • to get to know (someone), to make acquaintance

中部【ちゅうぶ】 • ① center, centre, middle, heart ② Chubu region (inc. Aichi, Nagano, Shizuoka, Niigata, Toyama, Ishikawa, Fukui, Yamanashi and Gifu prefectures)

追求【ついきゅう】 • ① pursuing (goal), pursuit, seeking, search ② to pursue (e.g. goal), to seek

投じる【とうじる】 • to throw, to cast, to invest

当分【とうぶん】 • for the present, currently, presently, at this time, for the next while

頭上【ずじょう】 • overhead, high in sky

動き回る【うごきまわる】 • to move around

読み返す【よみかえす】 • to reread, to read again

内側【うちがわ】 • inside, interior, inner part

反す【かえす】 • ① to return (something), to restore, to put back ② to turn over, to turn upside down, to overturn ③ to pay back, to retaliate, to reciprocate ④ (after the -masu stem of a verb) to repeat ..., to do ... back

飛び回る【とびまわる】 • to fly about, to skip about, to bustle about

表向き【おもてむき】 • outward appearance, ostensible, public, official

不安定【ふあんてい】 • instability, insecurity, crankiness

不快【ふかい】 • unpleasant, displeasure, discomfort

不自然【ふしぜん】 • unnatural, artificial, affected, strained

不能【ふのう】 • incompetency, inefficiency, impossibility, weak point, imbecility

文筆【ぶんぴつ】 • literary art, literary activity, writing

しかし • however, but

放つ【はなつ】 • ① to fire (e.g. an arrow), to hit (e.g. baseball), to break wind ② to free, to release ③ to give off (e.g. a scent), to emit (e.g. light)

防音【ぼうおん】 • soundproof(ing)

本線【ほんせん】 • main line

毎回【まいかい】 • every time, each round

無名【むめい】 • unsigned, nameless, anonymous, anonymity

名乗る【なのる】 • to call oneself (name, label, etc.), to give one's name (as), to impersonate or claim (to be someone)

命取り【いのちとり】 • fatal

命題【めいだい】 • proposition, thesis

有数【ゆうすう】 • prominent, leading

留意【りゅうい】 • heeding, paying attention, bearing in mind

両手【りょうて】 • ① (with) both hands ② approvingly

緑色【りょくしょく】 • green, emerald green, green color of new foliage, verdure

右側【みぎがわ】 • right side, right hand

化す【かす】 • to change into, to convert to, to transform, to be reduced, to influence, to improve (someone)

どこ • ① where, what place ② how much (long, far), what extent

左側【ひだりがわ】 • left, left (hand) side

人数【にんずう】 • the number of people

夜中【やちゅう】 • during the night, at night

合い言葉【あいことば】 • password, watchword

言い合う【いいあう】 • to quarrel

定型【ていけい】 • fixed form, regular shape, stereotyped

向かい合う【むかいあう】 • to be opposite, to face each other

回る【もとおる】 • to wander around

話し声【はなしごえ】 • speaking voice, talking voice

見所【みどころ】 • highlight, promise

路上【ろじょう】 • (on the) road, (on the) way

退役【たいえき】 • retiring from military service

長身【ちょうしん】 • tall figure, high stature

落ち着ける【おちつける】 • to quiet, to calm down, to compose oneself, to settle down

迷い【まよい】 • ① hesitation, bewilderment, doubt, indecision ② inability to reach enlightenment

満ち足りる【みちたりる】 • to be content, to have enough, to be happy, to be sufficient, to be satisfied

深山【みやま】 • mountain recess, deep in the mountains

路面【ろめん】 • road surface

受け【うけ】 • ① popularity, favour, favor, reception ② defense, defence, reputation ③ agreement ④ submissive partner of a homosexual relationship ⑤ receiver of technique (e.g. in martial arts)

文才【ぶんさい】 • literary talent

立ち消え【たちぎえ】 • die out, fall through

鳴り【なり】 • ringing, sound

書き直し【かきなおし】 • rewriting, rewrite, fair copy

常【つね】 • usual state of things

速【そく】 • gear, speed (as in 4 speed automatic transmission and such)

ぶつ • ① stock, products ② stolen goods, loot, spoils

さして • (with negative sentence) not much

愛好【あいこう】 • love, adoration

愛人【あいじん】 • lover, mistress

圧倒的【あっとうてき】 • overwhelming

違法【いほう】 • illegal, illegality, invalid, unlawfulness

一刻【いっこく】 • ① minute, moment, an instant ② stubborn, hot-headed

ちょっと • ① just a minute, short time, just a little ② somewhat, easily, readily, rather ③ (before a verb in negative form) (will not) easily ④ hey!

一滴【いってき】 • drop (of fluid)

引き寄せる【ひきよせる】 • to draw or pull something towards oneself (e.g. chair)

引き込む【ひきこむ】 • to draw in, to win over

引き抜く【ひきぬく】 • ① to extract, to uproot, to pull out ② to headhunt, to lure away

鋭利【えいり】 • sharpness

奥まる【おくまる】 • to lie deep in, to extend far back

奥行き【おくゆき】 • depth, length

降る【くだる】 • ① to descend, to go down, to come down ② to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.) ③ to pass (of time) ④ to surrender, to capitulate ⑤ (often in neg. form) to be less than, to be inferior to ⑥ to have the runs, to have diarrhea

過ぎ去る【すぎさる】 • to pass, to pass away

解消【かいしょう】 • cancellation, liquidation, resolution, reduction (e.g. of stress)

巻き込む【まきこむ】 • to roll up, to involve, to enfold, to swallow up, to drag into

含み【ふくみ】 • implication, hidden meaning, latitude, atmosphere, tone, sentiment, inclusion

規則正しい【きそくただしい】 • regular, well-regulated, systematic

疑い【うたがい】 • doubt, question, uncertainty, skepticism, scepticism, suspicion, distrust

疑問符【ぎもんふ】 • question mark

吸い込む【すいこむ】 • ① to inhale, to breathe in, to suck up, to imbibe ② to absorb, to soak up

給油【きゅうゆ】 • supply of oil

敬遠【けいえん】 • ① pretending to respect someone while in fact staying distant from him ② keeping at a distance ③ kicking upstairs, giving a batter an "intentional walk"

劇的【げきてき】 • dramatic

見境【みさかい】 • distinction, discrimination

見抜く【みぬく】 • to see through

現役【げんえき】 • active duty, active service

語法【ごほう】 • diction, grammar, syntax, usage, wording

好感【こうかん】 • good feeling, good will, favourable impression, favorable impression

校則【こうそく】 • school regulations

考え込む【かんがえこむ】 • to ponder, to brood

荒波【あらなみ】 • stormy seas, raging waves

骨格【こっかく】 • ① skeleton, skeletal structure, build, frame, physique ② framework

査定【さてい】 • assessment, investigation, audit, revision

再婚【さいこん】 • second marriage

最寄り【もより】 • nearest, neighbouring, neighboring, nearby

最新【さいしん】 • latest, newest, late-breaking (news)

最短【さいたん】 • shortest

材質【ざいしつ】 • material properties, lumber quality

作り替える【つくりかえる】 • to remake, to remold, to remould, to convert, to reconstruct, to adapt, to parody, to alter

散らばる【ちらばる】 • to be scattered about

散文【さんぶん】 • prose

しまう • to finish, to close, to do something completely, to put away, to put an end to

誌【し】 • magazine

資材【しざい】 • (raw) material

資質【ししつ】 • nature, disposition

持ち込む【もちこむ】 • to lodge, to take something into ..., to bring in

自信【じしん】 • self-confidence

自説【じせつ】 • one's personal opinion

実在【じつざい】 • reality, existence

実務【じつむ】 • practical business, practical work experience, practicum, practice

取り囲む【とりかこむ】 • to surround, to crowd around

手探り【てさぐり】 • fumbling, groping

手抜き【てぬき】 • ① omitting crucial steps, cutting corners, skimping ② intentional negligence

受賞【じゅしょう】 • winning (a prize)

周波数【しゅうはすう】 • frequency (of waves)

出し抜け【だしぬけ】 • all of a sudden, unexpected

順位【じゅんい】 • order, rank, position (e.g. in a race), precedence

初め【はじめ】 • beginning, start, origin

書き込む【かきこむ】 • ① to fill in (field, entry, etc.), to fill out (form) ② to post a message (e.g. on a bulletin-board) ③ to store

諸国【しょこく】 • various countries (often used as suffix)

消え失せる【きえうせる】 • to disappear, to get out of sight, to die, (in imperative) to fuck off

焼き付く【やきつく】 • to scorch

笑み【えみ】 • smile

上がり込む【あがりこむ】 • to enter, to step in

乗り越える【のりこえる】 • to climb over, to ride across, to surmount

場違い【ばちがい】 • out-of-place, inappropriate, sticking out like a sore thumb

情景【じょうけい】 • spectacle, sight, scene

食い込む【くいこむ】 • ① to eat into, to encroach, to erode ② to be wedged (a girl), i.e. underwear pulled from the back, driving it between the buttocks

信念【しんねん】 • belief, faith, conviction

寝床【ねどこ】 • bed, berth, crib, cot, kip

寝不足【ねぶそく】 • lack of sleep

新刊【しんかん】 • new book, new publication

神経質【しんけいしつ】 • nervousness, (being) highly strung, sensitiveness, neurotic

震え【ふるえ】 • shivering, trembling

人違い【ひとちがい】 • mistaking one person for another

人妻【ひとづま】 • ① married woman ② another's wife

吹き込む【ふきこむ】 • ① to blow into, to breathe into ② to inspire, to indoctrinate ③ to record (music, video, etc.)

吹き飛ばす【ふきとばす】 • ① to blow away, to blow off, to blow up ② to dispel, to drive away ③ to talk big

性的【せいてき】 • ① (relating to) gender ② sex, sexual

積み上げる【つみあげる】 • to pile up, to make a heap, to lay bricks

絶望【ぜつぼう】 • despair, hopelessness

占い【うらない】 • fortune-telling, divination

戦略【せんりゃく】 • strategy, tactics

洗い流す【あらいながす】 • to wash away

洗面【せんめん】 • wash up (one's face), have a wash

前触れ【まえぶれ】 • previous notice, herald, harbinger, portent

前髪【まえがみ】 • forelock, bangs

祖父母【そふぼ】 • grandparents

送り込む【おくりこむ】 • to send in

探り当てる【さぐりあてる】 • to find out

置き換える【おきかえる】 • to replace, to move, to change the position of

置き場【おきば】 • a place for something, storehouse

仲介【ちゅうかい】 • agency, intermediation

痛む【いたむ】 • to hurt, to feel a pain, to be injured

適正【てきせい】 • reasonable, suitable

鉄骨【てっこつ】 • steel frame

塗装【とそう】 • coating, painting

塗料【とりょう】 • paints, painting material

怒る【いかる】 • ① to get angry, to get mad ② to tell someone off, to scold ③ to be angular, to be square

逃げ込む【にげこむ】 • to take refuge in, to succeed in running away

同席【どうせき】 • presence, sitting with, being with

突き刺す【つきさす】 • to stab, to pierce, to thrust

突き出す【つきだす】 • to push out, to project

内装【ないそう】 • interior design, interior, upholstery

乳幼児【にゅうようじ】 • infants, babies

念頭【ねんとう】 • mind

念入り【ねんいり】 • careful, scrupulous, thorough, conscientious

脳裏【のうり】 • one's mind

農夫【のうふ】 • peasant

背信【はいしん】 • betrayal, infidelity

薄れる【うすれる】 • to fade, to become dim

髪型【かみがた】 • hairdo

あなた • beyond, across, the other side, the distance

非常識【ひじょうしき】 • ① lack of common sense, thoughtlessness, senselessness, irrationality, absurdity ② thoughtless, senseless, unreasonable, absurd, preposterous, aberrant

表示【ひょうじ】 • indication, representation, manifestation

不備【ふび】 • defect, deficiency, imperfection, inadequacy, Yours in haste

付与【ふよ】 • grant, allowance, endowment, bestowal, assignment, conferment

浮かび上がる【うかびあがる】 • to rise to the surface

浮上【ふじょう】 • surfacing, rising to the surface

部位【ぶい】 • part, position (in a whole, i.e. body)

物腰【ものごし】 • manner, demeanour, demeanor, bearing

平静【へいせい】 • calm, serenity, tranquillity, tranquility

並べ立てる【ならべたてる】 • to enumerate

閉ざす【とざす】 • to shut, to close, to lock, to fasten, to plunge (in grief)

片手【かたて】 • one hand

便座【べんざ】 • toilet seat

補完【ほかん】 • complementation, completion

母乳【ぼにゅう】 • mother's milk

法人【ほうじん】 • corporate body, corporation, (legal) person, (juridical) person

暴行【ぼうこう】 • assault, outrage, act of violence

また • again, and, also, still (doing something)

満喫【まんきつ】 • have enough of, fully enjoy

眠り【ねむり】 • sleep

無意識【むいしき】 • ① unconsciousness ② the unconscious

あまりに • too much, excessively, too

欲求【よっきゅう】 • desire

裏側【うらがわ】 • the reverse, other side, lining

量産【りょうさん】 • mass production

領収【りょうしゅう】 • receipt, voucher

連発【れんぱつ】 • running continuously, firing in rapid succession

腕時計【うでどけい】 • wristwatch

うなずく • to nod, to bow one's head in assent

愛想【あいそ】 • civility, courtesy, compliments, sociability, graces

乳首【ちくび】 • nipple, teat

恋心【こいごころ】 • one's love, awakening of love

荒々しい【あらあらしい】 • desolate, rough, wild, rude, harsh, gruff, violent

入れ替える【いれかえる】 • to replace, to substitute, to shift, to change places

かなり • considerably, fairly, quite

希薄【きはく】 • thin (e.g. air), lean, rarified, diluted, sparse, weak, rarefied

子猫【こねこ】 • kitten

賞賛【しょうさん】 • praise, admiration, commendation, approbation

並み【なみ】 • average, medium, common, ordinary

成り行き【なりゆき】 • outcome, development, course of events, progress, result

一周【いっしゅう】 • once around, a revolution, a lap, a turn, a round, one full year

ひどい • cruel, awful, severe, very bad, serious, terrible, heavy, violent

冷ややか【ひややか】 • ① cold, chilly, cool ② indifferent, cold-hearted, surly, curt, composed

巻き付ける【まきつける】 • to wreathe (e.g. rope)

よい • ① good, excellent, fine, nice, pleasant, agreeable ② sufficient (can be used to turn down an offer), ready, prepared ③ profitable (e.g. deal, business offer, etc.), beneficial ④ OK

いい • ① good, excellent, fine, nice, pleasant, agreeable ② sufficient (can be used to turn down an offer), ready, prepared ③ profitable (e.g. deal, business offer, etc.), beneficial ④ OK

つまり • in short, in brief, in other words, that is to say, in the long run, after all, blockade, stuffing, ultimate

晴れ渡る【はれわたる】 • to clear up, to be refreshed

いただける • ① to receive (potential) ② to be pretty good, to be exquisite, to be approvable

居心地【いごこち】 • comfort

見逃し【みのがし】 • overlooking, letting a good ball go by

おずおず • timidly, nervously, with nervous diffidence, trembling with fear

越し【ごし】 • across, over, beyond

たまに • occasionally, once in a while

乱れ【みだれ】 • disorder, disturbance, unrest

座り【すわり】 • ① sitting ② stability

無骨【ぶこつ】 • boorish, unrefined, rustic, uncouth, clumsy, brusque

歯磨き粉【はみがきこ】 • tooth powder, tooth paste

字詰め【じづめ】 • number of characters, manuscript paper, printed matter

寝泊まり【ねとまり】 • staying or lodging at

解き方【ときかた】 • manner of solving

笑い飛ばす【わらいとばす】 • to laugh at

言い逃れる【いいのがれる】 • to explain away, to talk one's way out of, to excuse oneself, to evade

ついてる • to be lucky, to be in luck

ある程度【あるていど】 • to some extent, to a certain extent

くぐり抜ける【くぐりぬける】 • to go through, to pass through, to escape (through the cordon), to evade (the law)

うっすら • ① thinly, lightly, slightly ② hazy, fuzzy ③ dim, faint, slight

抜き【ぬき】 • ① without, not including, dispensed with ② (beating) in succession

働かせる【はたらかせる】 • to put someone to work, to make someone work

復す【ふくす】 • to return to normal, to recover, to restore

お願い【おねがい】 • ① request, wish ② please

たま • occasional, rare

歴【れき】 • history of, experience of

いかがわしい • ① suspicious, dubious, unreliable ② indecent, unseemly

させる • ① to make (someone) do ② to allow (someone) to

そもそも • in the first place, to begin with, from the start, originally, ab initio

どういう • somehow, how, in what way, why, what kind of

安価【あんか】 • low price, cheapness

安保【あんぽ】 • US-Japan Security Treaty, safety, security

案件【あんけん】 • matter in question, subject

遺伝子【いでんし】 • gene, genetic

一陣【いちじん】 • ① gust of wind ② vanguard

右翼【うよく】 • ① right-wing ② right field (e.g. in sport), right flank, right wing

渦巻き【うずまき】 • whirlpool, eddy, coil

鋭敏【えいびん】 • sharpness, keenness, sensitiveness, mental acumen

演壇【えんだん】 • rostrum, platform

横柄【おうへい】 • arrogance, haughtiness, insolence

仮に【かりに】 • temporarily, provisionally, for example, for argument's sake

仮面【かめん】 • ① mask ② disguise

吾【われ】 • ① I, me ② oneself

解析【かいせき】 • ① analysis, analytical study ② parsing, parse

壊滅【かいめつ】 • destruction, annihilation, devastation, catastrophe

あく • ① lye ② harsh taste ③ scum (formed when cooking some foods) ④ (excessive) strength of will

おおむね • ① in general, generally, mostly, roughly, largely, mainly, on the whole, by and large ② gist, point, main idea

渇き【かわき】 • thirst

渇く【かわく】 • to be thirsty

渇望【かつぼう】 • craving, longing, thirsting

喚起【かんき】 • arousal, excitation, awakening, evocation

くつろぐ • to relax, to feel at home

肝【きも】 • ① liver, innards ② courage, spirit, pluck, guts

艦【かん】 • warship

眼下【がんか】 • under one's eyes, below

眼光【がんこう】 • glint in eye, discernment

たくらむ • to scheme, to plan, to play a trick, to invent, to conspire, to frame up

既成【きせい】 • established, completed, existing

機器【きき】 • machinery and tools

共謀【きょうぼう】 • conspiracy, complicity

教壇【きょうだん】 • platform

興味深い【きょうみぶかい】 • very interesting, of great interest

金網【かなあみ】 • wire netting, wire mesh, wire screen

駆る【かる】 • to drive (car), to spur on, to impel

かがめる • to stoop, to bend

結びつく【むすびつく】 • to be connected or related, to join together

拳銃【けんじゅう】 • pistol, handgun, revolver

幻想【げんそう】 • illusions

戸締まり【とじまり】 • closing up, fastening the doors

ゆえに • therefore, consequently

故意【こい】 • ① intention, purpose, bad faith ② mens rea (guilty mind)

鼓動【こどう】 • beat, palpitation, pulsation, throbbing

ごめん • your pardon, declining (something), dismissal, permission

稿【こう】 • manuscript, version, draft

考案【こうあん】 • plan, device, idea, invention

高架【こうか】 • overhead structure

酷似【こくじ】 • resemblance, resemble

彩色【さいしき】 • colouring, coloring, colouration, coloration, painting

参謀【さんぼう】 • staff officer, participating in planning

思惑【おもわく】 • ① expectation, prediction, forecast ② anticipation, speculation

指紋【しもん】 • fingerprint

視線【しせん】 • one's eyes, glance, look

慈しむ【いつくしむ】 • to love, to be affectionate to, to pity

慈悲【じひ】 • compassion, benevolence, charity, mercy

示唆【しさ】 • suggestion, hint, implication

漆黒【しっこく】 • jet black

護る【まもる】 • ① to protect, to guard, to defend ② to keep (i.e. a promise), to abide (by the rules), to observe, to obey, to follow

首筋【くびすじ】 • nape of the neck, back of the neck, scruff of the neck

収縮【しゅうしゅく】 • deflation, contraction, shrinking, constriction

終結【しゅうけつ】 • end, close

銃器【じゅうき】 • small arms

瞬く【またたく】 • ① to twinkle (e.g. stars), to flicker, to waver ② to blink (one's eyes), to wink

潤い【うるおい】 • ① moisture, damp, wetness ② richness, warmth, gain, profit ③ financial leeway

傷口【きずぐち】 • wound

昭和【しょうわ】 • Showa era (1926.12.25-1989.1.7)

消滅【しょうめつ】 • ① lapse, annihilation (physics) ② extinguishment, termination (e.g. of legal representation) ③ vanishing

上機嫌【じょうきげん】 • good humour (humor), good mood

信条【しんじょう】 • creed, belief, article of faith

真偽【しんぎ】 • truth or error, authenticity

なる • ① to become, to get, to grow, to be, to reach, to attain ② to result in, to prove to be ③ to consist of, to be composed of ④ to succeed, to be complete ⑤ to change into, to be exchanged for ⑥ to play a role ⑦ to be promoted (shogi)

精製【せいせい】 • purification

絶縁【ぜつえん】 • ① breaking off relations, disconnection ② insulation (esp. electrical), isolation

舌打ち【したうち】 • smacking lips, clicking tongue, tut-tut

潜む【ひそむ】 • to lurk, to lie dormant, to be hidden, to be concealed, to be stashed

潜り込む【もぐりこむ】 • to slip into, to crawl into (under), to conceal oneself (under)

繊細【せんさい】 • delicate, dainty, fine, slim, sensitive, subtle

選択肢【せんたくし】 • choices, alternatives, options

鮮明【せんめい】 • vivid, clear, distinct

素手【すで】 • unarmed, bare hands

素性【すじょう】 • birth, lineage, parentage, origin, identity, background, history

素足【すあし】 • bare feet

早熟【そうじゅく】 • precocious

即座【そくざ】 • immediate, right there on the spot, impromptu

脚【あし】 • ① foot ② leg ③ gait ④ pace ⑤ bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji ⑥ means of transportation

多岐【たき】 • digression, many divergences

大義名分【たいぎめいぶん】 • a just cause

おおよそ • about, roughly, as a rule, approximately

第三者【だいさんしゃ】 • third person, outsider, disinterested person

脱皮【だっぴ】 • shedding, molting, emergence

淡い【あわい】 • light, faint, pale, fleeting

弾丸【だんがん】 • bullet, shot, shell

致死【ちし】 • lethal, fatal

中級【ちゅうきゅう】 • intermediate level

帳【ちょう】 • book, register

挑発【ちょうはつ】 • provocation, stirring up, arousal

聴衆【ちょうしゅう】 • audience, attendance, hearers

跳躍【ちょうやく】 • jump, leap, skip, bound

抵触【ていしょく】 • ① collision, conflict ② being contrary, being incompatible, being inconsistent, being contradictory ③ being in violation (of the law, etc.)

天賦【てんぷ】 • natural talent, natural gift, endowment

吐息【といき】 • sigh, long breath

唐突【とうとつ】 • abrupt, sudden

藤【ふじ】 • wisteria, Wisteria floribunda

豆腐【とうふ】 • tofu, bean-curd

闘争【とうそう】 • strife, conflict

道義【どうぎ】 • morality, moral principles

道筋【みちすじ】 • path, route, itinerary

独奏【どくそう】 • a solo

いかなる • any kind of (with neg. verb)

熱弁【ねつべん】 • fervent speech

年功序列【ねんこうじょれつ】 • seniority by length of service

濃紺【のうこん】 • dark blue

鉢植え【はちうえ】 • potted plant

帆【ほ】 • sail

眉毛【まゆげ】 • eyebrows

漂流【ひょうりゅう】 • drifting, drift

不穏【ふおん】 • unrest, turbulence, impropriety

不器用【ぶきよう】 • awkward, clumsy, unskillfulness, lack of ability

不機嫌【ふきげん】 • pout, displeasure, ill humor, ill humour, sullenness

敷居【しきい】 • threshold

伏せる【ふせる】 • to lay something upside down, to turn something over, to cover, to lay (pipes), to lay (an ambush), to hide

文壇【ぶんだん】 • literary world, literary circles

保留【ほりゅう】 • ① reserve, putting on hold, deferment ② hold (e.g. telephone button), pending

補修【ほしゅう】 • maintenance, mending, repair

僕ら【ぼくら】 • we

魔法使い【まほうつかい】 • magician, wizard, sorcerer, witch

また • again, and, also, still (doing something)

慢性【まんせい】 • chronicity, chronic

無縁【むえん】 • unrelated, without relations, unidentified, indifferent

鳴り響く【なりひびく】 • ① to reverberate, to resound, to echo ② to have one's fame spread, to be renowned

綿密【めんみつ】 • minute, detailed, careful, scrupulous, thorough

網膜【もうまく】 • retina

木製【もくせい】 • wooden, made of wood

黙り込む【だまりこむ】 • to say no more, to sink into silence

目撃【もくげき】 • ① to observe, to witness ② eye-witness

野郎【やろう】 • rascal

柳【やなぎ】 • ① willow (any tree of genus Salix) ② weeping willow (Salix babylonica)

優雅【ゆうが】 • elegance, grace, refinement

猶予【ゆうよ】 • postponement, deferment, extension (of time)

誘う【いざなう】 • ① to invite, to ask, to call (for) ② to tempt, to lure, to induce

容赦【ようしゃ】 • ① pardon, forgiveness, mercy ② leniency, going easy (on someone)

療養【りょうよう】 • recuperation, medical treatment

倫理【りんり】 • ethics, morals

連載【れんさい】 • serialization, serialisation, serial story

朗報【ろうほう】 • good news

一節【いっせつ】 • a verse (e.g. in the Bible), stanza, paragraph, passage, a joint, section, a tune, note, strain, measure

甲板【かんぱん】 • (ship) deck

乳房【ちぶさ】 • breast, nipple, udder

揺る【ゆる】 • to shake, to jolt, to rock (cradle), to swing

往々【おうおう】 • sometimes, often

凶器【きょうき】 • dangerous weapon

徐々に【じょじょに】 • slowly, little by little, gradually, steadily, quietly

率直【そっちょく】 • frankness, candour, candor, openheartedness

具わる【そなわる】 • ① to be furnished with, to be endowed with ② to be among, to be one of, to be possessed of

とりあえず • at once, first of all, for the time being, for now

抜け穴【ぬけあな】 • loophole

よい • ① good, excellent, fine, nice, pleasant, agreeable ② sufficient (can be used to turn down an offer), ready, prepared ③ profitable (e.g. deal, business offer, etc.), beneficial ④ OK

いい • ① good, excellent, fine, nice, pleasant, agreeable ② sufficient (can be used to turn down an offer), ready, prepared ③ profitable (e.g. deal, business offer, etc.), beneficial ④ OK

吾が【わが】 • my, our, one's own

わざわざ • expressly, specially, doing something especially rather than incidentally

あれこれ • one thing or another, this and that, this or that

こなす • to break to pieces, to digest, to handle easily

これ • ① this (indicating an item near the speaker, the action of the speaker, or the current topic) ② this person (usu. indicating someone in one's in-group) ③ now

銃撃【じゅうげき】 • shooting, gunning (down)

崩れ【くずれ】 • crumbling, collapse, ruin

崩れ落ちる【くずれおちる】 • to crumble down, to tumble down, to fall in

背筋【せすじ】 • ① the muscles along the spine, dorsal muscles ② spinal column ③ seam in the back, back seam

好奇【こうき】 • inquisitiveness

酔い【よい】 • drunkenness, intoxication

宙【ちゅう】 • space, air, midair

我慢強い【がまんづよい】 • (very) patient, persevering

ちょっとした • trifling, petty

つつましい • modest, reserved, quiet, humble

馬鹿げる【ばかげる】 • to look foolish

滑る【ぬめる】 • ① to be slippery, to be slimy ② to behave charmingly, to walk merrily

振るう【ふるう】 • ① to swing, to wield (physically), to exert ② to exercise, to wield (metaphorically) ③ to flourish, to prosper, to thrive

器【き】 • ① device, instrument ② vessel, container

揺らぎ【ゆらぎ】 • tremor, fluctuation

かける • to suspend between two points, to build (a bridge, etc.), to put up on something (e.g. legs up on table)

そいつ • ① that person (guy, fellow) ② that (one)

そして • and, and then, thus, and now

それだけ • that much, as much, to that extent, only that, that alone, no more than that

それなり • in itself, as it is

それら • those (near the second person)

暗闇【くらやみ】 • darkness, the dark

葛藤【かっとう】 • conflict, complication, troubles, discord

蟻【あり】 • ant

痕跡【こんせき】 • trace, traces, vestige, vestiges

しばらく • ① little while, short while, moment, instant ② a while, quite a time ③ it's been a long time

呪い【のろい】 • curse, spell, malediction

呪術【じゅじゅつ】 • magic, sorcery, incantation

拭う【ぬぐう】 • to wipe

拭き取る【ふきとる】 • to wipe off, to wipe up

辛辣【しんらつ】 • bitter, sharp, acrimonious

趨勢【すうせい】 • tendency, trend

そのまま • without change, as it is (i.e. now)

かじ • paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera)

楕円【だえん】 • ellipse

くも • spider

吊す【つるす】 • to hang, to hang up

賭け事【かけごと】 • betting, gambling

馴染み【なじみ】 • intimacy, friendship, familiarity

はず • ① expectation that something took place, will take place or was in some state, it should be so, bound to be, expected to be, must be ② nock (of a bow) ③ nock (of an arrow) ④ nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger) (Sumo)

焚き火【たきび】 • ① open-air fire (e.g. for garden refuse), bonfire ② open fire (e.g. in a kitchen)

あくまで • to the end, to the bitter end, to the last, stubbornly, persistently, to the utmost

ほとんど • mostly, almost

すする • to sip, to slurp

嗅覚【きゅうかく】 • the sense of smell

くさび • ① wedge ② linchpin, lynchpin

すくめる • to shrug (shoulders), to duck (head), to draw back (body)

なめる • ① to lick ② to taste ③ to experience (esp. a hardship) ④ to make fun of, to make light of, to put down, to treat with contempt

そり • sleigh, sled, sledge

しかめる • to knit the brows, to raise eyebrows, to scowl, to grimace, to frown

こいつ • this fellow, this guy, this person

まま • ① as it is, as one likes, because, as ② condition, state

ある • a certain ..., some ...

あるいは • or, possibly

しっかり • firmly, tightly, reliable, level-headed, steady

尖塔【せんとう】 • spire, steeple, pinnacle, minaret

儲け【もうけ】 • profit, earnings

やせる • ① to become thin, to lose weight, to reduce (one's) weight, to slim ② to be barren, to be infertile, to be sterile

いささか • a little, a bit, somewhat

覚醒【かくせい】 • ① awakening, waking up, arousal, revival ② disillusion, disillusionment

誰彼【だれかれ】 • this or that person, anybody, many people

脇の下【わきのした】 • armpit, axilla

惹く【ひく】 • to attract, to captivate

こうして • thus, in this way

袖の下【そでのした】 • bribe, money under the table

それと • and then, even so, and