Study Set: 10,000 Frequently Used Japanese Words (pt. 2)

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10,000 Frequently Used Japanese Words (pt. 2)

A list of most frequently used Japanese words by a company that scanned over 250 million Japanese words on the Internet. (second half)

compilation

First 500 entries [show all] — Created by Bryse M. — Last modified: 2013-09-08 16:12:08

⑤ 鶏肉【けいにく】 • chicken meat

⑤ いいえ • ① no, nay ② well, er, why

④ コーヒー • coffee

④ 落とす【おとす】 • ① to drop, to lose, to let fall ② to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.), to remove (e.g. stains) ③ to download

④ 背【せ】 • ① back, spine ② reverse, rear side ③ height ④ ridge (of a mountain)

④ 味噌汁【みそしる】 • miso soup

④ 間違う【まちがう】 • to make a mistake, to be incorrect, to be mistaken

③ 間もなく【まもなく】 • ① soon, before long, in a short time ② (after verb) lacking time to ..., without time to ...

③ 夕食【ゆうしょく】 • evening meal, dinner

③ 野球【やきゅう】 • baseball

③ 週末【しゅうまつ】 • weekend

③ 寝室【しんしつ】 • bedroom

③ 支払い【しはらい】 • payment

③ 忠告【ちゅうこく】 • advice, warning

③ 貧乏【びんぼう】 • poverty, destitute, poor

③ 訪れる【おとずれる】 • to visit

③ 抑える【おさえる】 • ① to pin something down, to hold something down, to hold something back, to stop, to restrain, to curb ② to seize, to grasp, to arrest ③ to gain control of something, to govern, to keep down (e.g. information), to suppress ④ to catch happening, to determine (important points), to find (proof), to understand

③ 俺【おれ】 • (masc) I, me (rough or arrogant-sounding first-person pronoun, formerly also used by women)

③ 振る舞う【ふるまう】 • ① to behave, to conduct oneself ② to entertain, to treat someone (to a drink), to make tea for someone (tea ceremony)

③ そのまま • without change, as it is (i.e. now)

③ すぐ • ① immediately, at once, directly ② soon, before long, shortly ③ easily, without difficulty ④ right (near), nearby, just (handy)

② 小学【しょうがく】 • elementary school, primary school, grade school

② 人々【ひとびと】 • each person, people, men, human, everybody

② 近づける【ちかづける】 • to bring near, to put close, to let come near, to associate with

② とどまる • ① to stop, to halt ② to remain, to abide, to stay (in the one place) ③ to come to a halt ④ to be limited to

② 田んぼ【たんぼ】 • paddy field, farm

② 売り上げ【うりあげ】 • amount sold, proceeds

② 課する【かする】 • to levy, to charge, to assess, to impose, to assign

② 呼びかける【よびかける】 • to call out to, to accost, to address (crowd), to appeal

② 当初【とうしょ】 • at first

② 翌日【よくじつ】 • next day

② 翌朝【よくあさ】 • the next morning

② 捕らえる【とらえる】 • ① to seize, to capture, to arrest ② to grasp, to perceive, to treat (as)

② 日差し【ひざし】 • sunlight, rays of the sun

② ひっくり返す【ひっくりかえす】 • to turn over, to overturn, to knock over, to upset, to turn inside out

② 果たす【はたす】 • to accomplish, to fulfill, to carry out, to achieve

② 仰ぐ【あおぐ】 • ① to look up (at) ② to look up (to), to respect, to revere ③ to ask for, to seek ④ to turn to someone, to depend on ⑤ to drink, to take

② 勤勉【きんべん】 • industry, diligence

② 愚か【おろか】 • foolish, stupid

② 後悔【こうかい】 • regret, repentance

② 取り戻す【とりもどす】 • to take back, to regain, to get back, to recover

② 遅れ【おくれ】 • delay, lag, postponement, falling behind

② 犯す【おかす】 • ① to commit (e.g. crime), to perpetrate ② to transgress, to contravene ③ to violate, to ravish, to rape, to deflower

② ずらす • ① to shift, to slide (e.g. something away from something else), to move (e.g. something out of the way) ② to put off, to delay, to postpone, to stagger (e.g. working hours)

② 癌【がん】 • cancer

② 軽蔑【けいべつ】 • scorn, disdain

② なお • furthermore, still, yet, more, still more, in addition, greater, further

② すなわち • that is, namely, i.e.

② 頂戴【ちょうだい】 • ① receiving, reception, getting, being given ② eating, drinking, having ③ (also used after -te forms) please, please do for me

② いずれ • ① where, which, who ② anyway, anyhow, at any rate, sooner or later, eventually, at some future date or time

② もたらす • to bring, to take, to bring about

② かつて • ① once, before, formerly, ever, former, ex- ② never (with negative verb)

② さて • well, now, then

② 思いがけない【おもいがけない】 • unexpected, contrary to expectations, by chance, casual

① 共産党【きょうさんとう】 • Communist Party

① 暗示【あんじ】 • hint, suggestion

① 案の定【あんのじょう】 • just as one thought, as usual

① 意気込む【いきごむ】 • to be enthusiastic about

① 異性【いせい】 • the opposite sex

① 一見【いっけん】 • ① look, glimpse, glance ② to glance, to glimpse ③ apparently, seemingly

① 一息【ひといき】 • ① one breath, pause, rest ② one go (i.e. in a short time) ③ small amount of effort

① 一目【いちもく】 • ① (a) glance, (a) look, (a) glimpse ② (a) stone (in Go) ③ complete view, bird's-eye view

① 引き起こす【ひきおこす】 • to cause, to induce

① 引きずる【ひきずる】 • ① to drag along, to pull ② to force someone along ③ to prolong, to drag out ④ to influence strongly, to seduce

① 営む【いとなむ】 • to carry on (e.g. in ceremony), to run a business

① 液【えき】 • liquid, fluid

① 閲覧【えつらん】 • ① inspection, reading ② browsing (the WWW, internet), web browsing

① 延べ【のべ】 • ① futures ② credit (buying) ③ stretching ④ total, gross

① 沿う【そう】 • ① to run along, to run beside ② to follow (a plan, etc.), to act in accordance with

① 演じる【えんじる】 • to perform (a play), to play (a part), to act (a part), to commit (a blunder)

① 遠ざかる【とおざかる】 • to go far off

① 押し寄せる【おしよせる】 • to advance on, to close in, to march on, to descend on (the enemy), to move towards, to surge forward (crowd, wave of nostalgia, wave, etc.), to rush for (the door), to inundate, to overwhelm, to push aside

① 押し込む【おしこむ】 • ① to push into, to crowd into ② to break in, to burglarize

① 乙【おつ】 • ① second (party to an agreement), the B party (e.g. in a contract), the latter ② strange, quaint, stylish, chic, spicy, queer, witty, tasty, romantic

① 下地【したじ】 • groundwork, foundation, inclination, aptitude, elementary knowledge of, grounding in, prearrangement, spadework, signs, symptoms, first coat of plastering, soy

① 何だか【なんだか】 • (a) little, somewhat, somehow

① 果てる【はてる】 • ① to end, to be finished, to be exhausted, to die, to perish ② indicates an extreme has been reached

① 花びら【はなびら】 • (flower) petal

① 貨幣【かへい】 • money, currency, coinage

① 快い【こころよい】 • pleasant, agreeable

① 怪獣【かいじゅう】 • monster

① 改悪【かいあく】 • deterioration, changing for the worse

① 改訂【かいてい】 • revision

① 概略【がいりゃく】 • outline, summary, gist, in brief

① 該当【がいとう】 • corresponding, answering to, coming under, applying to

① 格【かく】 • status, character, case

① 獲物【えもの】 • game, spoils, trophy

① 学説【がくせつ】 • theory

① 掛け【かけ】 • ① credit ② partially, half

① 滑らか【なめらか】 • smoothness, glassiness

① 勘弁【かんべん】 • pardon, forgiveness, forbearance

① 感度【かんど】 • sensitivity, reception (e.g. radio and television), severity (quake)

① 甘える【あまえる】 • ① to behave like a spoiled child, to behave like a spoilt child, to fawn on ② to depend and presume upon another's benevolence

① 簡潔【かんけつ】 • brevity, conciseness, simplicity

① 緩む【ゆるむ】 • to become loose, to slacken

① 観覧【かんらん】 • viewing

① 丸ごと【まるごと】 • in its entirety, whole, wholly

① 器官【きかん】 • organ (of body), instrument

① 寄与【きよ】 • contribution, service

① 久しい【ひさしい】 • long, long-continued, old (story)

① 及び【および】 • and, as well as

① 窮屈【きゅうくつ】 • narrow, tight, stiff, rigid, uneasy, formal, constrained

① 拒絶【きょぜつ】 • refusal, rejection

① 共鳴【きょうめい】 • resonance, sympathetic (sound), (being in) sympathy

① 叫び【さけび】 • shout, scream, outcry

① 境遇【きょうぐう】 • environment, circumstances

① 強いる【しいる】 • to force, to compel, to coerce

① 強まる【つよまる】 • to get strong, to gain strength

① 恐れ【おそれ】 • fear, horror, anxiety, concern, uneasiness

① 脅す【おどす】 • to threaten, to menace

① 凝らす【こらす】 • to concentrate, to devote, to apply, to strain, to rack

① 凝る【こる】 • ① to grow stiff ② to be absorbed in, to be devoted to, to be a fanatic, to elaborate

① 禁じる【きんじる】 • to prohibit

① 吟味【ぎんみ】 • testing, scrutiny, careful investigation

① 愚痴【ぐち】 • ① idle complaint, grumble ② moha (ignorance, folly)

① 空腹【くうふく】 • hunger

① 君主【くんしゅ】 • ruler, monarch

① 刑罰【けいばつ】 • judgement, judgment, penalty, punishment

① 恵み【めぐみ】 • blessing, grace

① 携わる【たずさわる】 • to engage in, to participate, to take part

① 継ぐ【つぐ】 • to succeed (someone in a business or inheritance)

① 軽快【けいかい】 • ① casual (e.g. dress), light, nimble, jaunty, rhythmical (e.g. melody) ② taking a turn for the better, receding of symptoms

① 結び付ける【むすびつける】 • to combine, to join, to tie on, to attach with a knot, to bind (e.g. an address)

① 結合【けつごう】 • combination, union, binding, catenation, coupling, joining

① 健在【けんざい】 • in good health, well, going strong

① 懸賞【けんしょう】 • offering prizes, winning, reward

① 見合い【みあい】 • formal marriage interview

① 見習う【みならう】 • to follow another's example

① 見渡す【みわたす】 • to look out over, to survey (scene), to take an extensive view of

① 見落とす【みおとす】 • to overlook, to fail to notice, to miss (seeing)

① 元来【がんらい】 • originally, primarily, essentially, logically, naturally

① 原文【げんぶん】 • the text, original

① 現像【げんぞう】 • developing (film)

① 誇る【ほこる】 • to boast of, to be proud of

① 誇張【こちょう】 • exaggeration

① 顧みる【かえりみる】 • ① to look back (e.g. over shoulder or at the past), to turn around, to review ② to reflect, to reconsider ③ to consider (usu. used in negative), to concern oneself about

① 後回し【あとまわし】 • putting off, postponing

① 悟る【さとる】 • ① to understand, to comprehend, to realize, to perceive, to sense, to discern ② to attain enlightenment

① 語句【ごく】 • words, phrases

① 語源【ごげん】 • word root, word derivation, etymology

① 誤る【あやまる】 • ① to make a mistake, to err ② to mislead, to misguide

① 誤差【ごさ】 • measurement error, calculation error

① 交える【まじえる】 • ① to mix, to combine ② to exchange (words, fire, etc.) ③ to cross (e.g. swords), to join together

① 広まる【ひろまる】 • to spread, to be propagated

① 荒らす【あらす】 • ① to lay waste, to devastate, to damage ② to invade, to break into

① 荒廃【こうはい】 • ruin, destruction, devastation, waste, decay

① 購読【こうどく】 • paid subscription (e.g. magazine)

① 購買【こうばい】 • purchase, buy

① 告げる【つげる】 • to inform

① 告白【こくはく】 • ① confession, acknowledgement, acknowledgment ② profession of love ③ confession of sins (e.g. the confessional)

① 根気【こんき】 • patience, perseverance, persistence, tenacity, energy

① 混同【こんどう】 • confusion, mixing, merger

① 佐【さ】 • help

① 差し支える【さしつかえる】 • to interfere, to hinder, to become impeded

① 差し出す【さしだす】 • to present, to submit, to tender, to hold out

① 差異【さい】 • difference, disparity

① 催す【もよおす】 • ① to hold (a meeting), to give (a dinner), to show signs of ② to feel (sensation, emotion, etc.)

① 採掘【さいくつ】 • mining

① 採集【さいしゅう】 • collecting, gathering

① 済ます【すます】 • ① to finish, to get it over with, to conclude ② to settle, to pay back ③ to get along (without something), to make do with (without)

① 雑【ざつ】 • ① rough, crude, sloppy, messy ② miscellaneous

① 雑談【ざつだん】 • chatting, idle talk

① 山脈【さんみゃく】 • mountain range

① 賛美【さんび】 • praise, adoration, glorification

① 仕える【つかえる】 • to serve, to work for

① 仕掛ける【しかける】 • to commence, to lay (mines), to set (traps), to wage (war), to challenge

① 仕上げる【しあげる】 • to finish up, to complete

① 仕切る【しきる】 • ① to partition, to divide, to mark off, to itemize ② to direct, to take control, to manage, to take responsibility ③ to settle accounts ④ to toe the mark

① 仕入れる【しいれる】 • to lay in stock, to replenish stock, to procure

① 仕立てる【したてる】 • to tailor, to make, to prepare, to train, to send (a messenger)

① 使い道【つかいみち】 • a use, purpose to which something is put

① 志す【こころざす】 • to plan, to intend, to aspire to, to set aims (sights on)

① 施す【ほどこす】 • to donate, to give, to conduct, to apply, to perform

① 試みる【こころみる】 • to try, to test

① 侍【さむらい】 • warrior (esp. of military retainers of daimyos in the Edo period), samurai

① 自我【じが】 • self, the ego

① 失格【しっかく】 • disqualification, elimination, incapacity (legal)

① 社交【しゃこう】 • social life, social intercourse

① 弱る【よわる】 • to weaken, to be troubled, to be downcast, to be emaciated, to be dejected, to be perplexed, to impair

① 主観【しゅかん】 • ① subjectivity, subject, ego ② one's personal opinion, one's own idea

① 取り扱う【とりあつかう】 • to treat, to handle, to deal in

① 取り寄せる【とりよせる】 • to order, to send away for

① 取り組む【とりくむ】 • to tackle, to wrestle with, to engage in a bout, to come to grips with, to make effort, to strive for, to deal with

① 取り締まる【とりしまる】 • to manage, to control, to supervise, to crack down on

① 手掛ける【てがける】 • to handle, to manage, to work with, to rear, to look after, to have experience with

① 手配【てはい】 • arrangement, search (by police)

① 受かる【うかる】 • to pass (examination)

① 受け継ぐ【うけつぐ】 • to inherit, to succeed, to take over

① 受け付ける【うけつける】 • to be accepted, to receive (an application)

① 収まる【おさまる】 • ① to be in one's place, to be installed, to settle into ② to be delivered, to be obtained, to be paid ③ to be settled, to be sorted out ④ to lessen (e.g. of storms, pain), to calm down ⑤ to be fit tightly into (e.g. a frame), to be sheathed (in a scabbard)

① 修士【しゅうし】 • Masters degree program (programme)

① 衆【しゅう】 • masses, great number, the people

① 重んじる【おもんじる】 • to respect, to honor, to honour, to esteem, to prize

① 出くわす【でくわす】 • to happen to meet, to come across

① 出社【しゅっしゃ】 • going to work (e.g. in the morning), coming to work

① 出題【しゅつだい】 • proposing a question

① 初版【しょはん】 • first edition

① 召す【めす】 • ① to call, to invite, to send for, to summon ② to eat, to drink ③ to put on, to wear ④ to ride ⑤ to catch (a cold), to take (a bath), to tickle (one's fancy), to put on (years), to commit (seppuku) ⑥ to do

① 唱える【となえる】 • ① to recite, to chant ② to call upon

① 小銭【こぜに】 • coins, small change

① 消去【しょうきょ】 • elimination, erasure, dying out, clearing, purge, melting away

① 焦る【あせる】 • to be in a hurry, to be impatient

① 称する【しょうする】 • ① to take the name of, to call oneself ② to pretend, to feign, to purport

① 上回る【うわまわる】 • to exceed

① 乗っ取る【のっとる】 • to capture, to hijack, to commandeer, to occupy, to usurp

① 乗り込む【のりこむ】 • ① to board, to embark on, to get into (a car), to ship (passengers), to man (a ship), to help (someone) into ② to march into, to enter

① 嬢【じょう】 • ① unmarried woman ② (after a name) Miss ③ (after a line of work) -ess, -ette

① 織る【おる】 • to weave

① 侵す【おかす】 • to invade, to raid, to trespass, to violate, to intrude on

① 寝かせる【ねかせる】 • to put to bed, to lay down, to ferment

① 心強い【こころづよい】 • heartening, reassuring

① 申し出る【もうしでる】 • to report to, to tell, to suggest, to submit, to request, to make an offer, to come forward with information

① 神聖【しんせい】 • holiness, sacredness, dignity

① 神殿【しんでん】 • temple, sacred place

① 神秘【しんぴ】 • mystery

① 親父【おやじ】 • one's father, old man, one's boss

① 身近【みぢか】 • near oneself, close to one, familiar

① 刃【は】 • edge (of a knife or sword)

① 尽きる【つきる】 • to be used up, to be run out, to be exhausted, to be consumed, to come to an end

① 尽くす【つくす】 • ① to exhaust, to run out ② to devote, to serve (a person), to befriend ③ to do to exhaustion

① 垂れる【たれる】 • ① to hang, to droop, to dangle, to sag, to lower, to pull down ② to leave behind (at death), to give, to confer ③ to drip, to ooze, to trickle, to drop

① 推測【すいそく】 • guess, conjecture

① 推理【すいり】 • reasoning, inference, mystery or detective genre (movie, novel, etc.)

① 粋【いき】 • ① chic, stylish, refined, sophisticated, smart ② understanding, sympathetic ③ the best

① 衰える【おとろえる】 • to become weak, to decline, to wear, to abate, to decay, to wither, to waste away

① 遂げる【とげる】 • to accomplish, to achieve, to carry out

① 崇拝【すうはい】 • worship, adoration, admiration, cult

① 雛【ひな】 • ① young bird, chick ② doll ③ green, wet behind the ears, juvenile

① 据える【すえる】 • ① to place (in position), to fix, to set (e.g. table), to lay (foundation) ② to install, to seat (someone) ③ to settle (upon something), to fix (e.g. one's gaze) ④ to apply (moxa)

① 征服【せいふく】 • conquest, subjugation, overcoming

① 星座【せいざ】 • constellation

① 晴天【せいてん】 • fine weather

① 生育【せいいく】 • growth, development, breeding

① 生計【せいけい】 • livelihood, living

① 生死【せいし】 • ① life and death ② samsara (cycle of death and rebirth) ③ death

① 生理【せいり】 • ① physiology ② menstruation, one's period, menses

① 盛り上がる【もりあがる】 • ① to swell, to rise, to bulge, to be piled up ② to rouse, to get excited

① 盛大【せいだい】 • grand, prosperous, magnificent

① 惜しむ【おしむ】 • ① to be frugal, to be sparing ② to value, to hold dear ③ to regret (e.g. a loss), to feel sorry (for) ④ to be unwilling, to be reluctant

① 設ける【もうける】 • to create, to establish

① 絶える【たえる】 • ① to die out, to peter out, to become extinct ② to cease, to be stopped, to be discontinued, to be cut off

① 絶版【ぜっぱん】 • out of print

① 宣教【せんきょう】 • religious mission, religious proclamation

① 染まる【そまる】 • to be dyed

① 染める【そめる】 • to dye, to colour, to color

① 潜水【せんすい】 • diving

① 潜入【せんにゅう】 • infiltration, sneaking in

① 前置き【まえおき】 • preface, introduction

① 全滅【ぜんめつ】 • annihilation

① 禅【ぜん】 • ① dhyana (profound meditation) ② Zen (Buddhism)

① 素早い【すばやい】 • ① fast, quick, prompt, nimble, agile ② quick (to understand), sharp (judgement)

① 操る【あやつる】 • to manipulate, to operate, to pull strings

① 相応【そうおう】 • suitability, fitness

① 葬る【ほうむる】 • to bury, to inter, to entomb, to consign to oblivion, to shelve

① 憎しみ【にくしみ】 • hatred

① 促す【うながす】 • to urge, to press, to prompt, to suggest, to demand, to stimulate, to quicken, to incite, to invite (attention to)

① 束縛【そくばく】 • restraint, shackles, restriction, confinement, binding

① 多忙【たぼう】 • busy, pressure of work

① 打ち切る【うちきる】 • to stop, to abort, to discontinue, to close

① 体裁【ていさい】 • decency, style, form, appearance, show, get-up, format

① 対比【たいひ】 • contrast, comparison

① 帯びる【おびる】 • ① to wear (sword, decoration, etc.), to carry ② to be entrusted (e.g. with a mission), to take on ③ to have a trace of, to be tinged with

① 待ち合わせ【まちあわせ】 • appointment

① 怠慢【たいまん】 • negligence, procrastination, carelessness

① 滞る【とどこおる】 • to stagnate, to be delayed

① 退治【たいじ】 • extermination

① 代弁【だいべん】 • pay by proxy, act for another, speak for another

① 代用【だいよう】 • substitution

① 台無し【だいなし】 • mess, spoiled, spoilt, (come to) nothing

① 旦那【だんな】 • husband (informal), master (of house, shop, etc.), word used to address a male patron or customer (sir, boss, master, governor), patron of a mistress, geisha, bar or nightclub hostess

① 鍛える【きたえる】 • to forge, to drill, to temper, to train, to discipline

① 弾む【はずむ】 • to spring, to bound, to bounce, to be stimulated, to be encouraged, to get lively, to treat oneself to, to splurge on

① 断然【だんぜん】 • firmly, absolutely, definitely

① 断面【だんめん】 • cross-section

① 知性【ちせい】 • intelligence

① 恥じる【はじる】 • to feel ashamed

① 着手【ちゃくしゅ】 • ① to start work (on), to undertake ② embarkation, launch

① 着席【ちゃくせき】 • sit down, seat

① 中傷【ちゅうしょう】 • slander, libel, defamation

① 昼飯【ひるめし】 • lunch, midday meal

① 著しい【いちじるしい】 • remarkable, considerable

① 懲りる【こりる】 • to learn by experience, to be disgusted with

① 挑む【いどむ】 • ① to challenge, to throw down the gauntlet, to contend for, to tackle ② to pressure someone for sex, to woo, to make love to

① 聴覚【ちょうかく】 • the sense of hearing

① 蝶【ちょう】 • butterfly

① 鳥居【とりい】 • torii (Shinto shrine archway)

① 直感【ちょっかん】 • intuition, instinct, insight, hunch

① 沈没【ちんぼつ】 • sinking, foundering, going down, submersion

① 陳列【ちんれつ】 • exhibition, display, show

① 追い出す【おいだす】 • to expel, to drive out

① 定まる【さだまる】 • to become settled, to be fixed

① 定食【ていしょく】 • set meal, special (of the day)

① 適宜【てきぎ】 • ① suitable, appropriate ② appropriately

① 適性【てきせい】 • aptitude

① 投げ出す【なげだす】 • to throw down, to abandon, to sacrifice, to throw out

① 当人【とうにん】 • the one concerned, the said person

① 等級【とうきゅう】 • ① grade, class ② (astronomical) magnitude

① 到底【とうてい】 • (cannot) possibly, no matter how

① 踏み込む【ふみこむ】 • ① to step into (e.g. someone else's territory), to break into, to raid ② to come to grips with, to get to the core of

① 逃げ出す【にげだす】 • to run away, to escape from

① 逃す【のがす】 • to let loose, to set free, to let escape

① 逃れる【のがれる】 • to escape

① 動的【どうてき】 • dynamic, kinetic

① 動力【どうりょく】 • power, motive power, dynamic force

① 同感【どうかん】 • agreement, same opinion, same feeling, sympathy, concurrence

① 同等【どうとう】 • equality, equal, same rights, same rank, equivalence

① 胴【どう】 • ① trunk, torso, body, abdomen, waist ② plastron (in kendo), touching the plastron (kimari-te in kendo) ③ frame (of a drum, etc.), sound box (of a shamisen, etc.), hull (of a ship)

① 特派【とくは】 • send specially, special envoy

① 独創【どくそう】 • originality

① 読み上げる【よみあげる】 • to read out loud (and clearly), to call a roll

① 突如【とつじょ】 • suddenly, all of a sudden

① 年月日【ねんがっぴ】 • date

① 年長【ねんちょう】 • seniority

① 粘る【ねばる】 • to be sticky, to be adhesive, to persevere, to persist, to stick to

① 破棄【はき】 • tearing up and discarding (e.g. documents), disposal (e.g. weaponry), revocation, annulment, breaking (e.g. treaty), reversing (e.g. an original judgment) (judgement), discard

① 破損【はそん】 • damage

① 配列【はいれつ】 • ① arrangement, disposition ② array (programming, programing)

① 売り出す【うりだす】 • to put on sale, to market, to become popular

① 抜け出す【ぬけだす】 • ① to slip out, to sneak away, to excel ② to break (out of a loop)

① 伴う【ともなう】 • to accompany, to bring with, to be accompanied by, to be involved in, to be consequent upon

① 反する【はんする】 • to be inconsistent with, to oppose, to contradict, to transgress, to rebel

① 反感【はんかん】 • antipathy, revolt, animosity

① 反射【はんしゃ】 • ① reflection, reverberation ② reflex (medical)

① 繁盛【はんじょう】 • prosperity, flourishing, thriving

① 費やす【ついやす】 • to spend, to devote, to waste

① 眉【まゆ】 • eyebrow, eyebrows

① 必修【ひっしゅう】 • required (subject)

① 必然【ひつぜん】 • inevitable, necessary

① 漂う【ただよう】 • to drift about, to float, to hang in air

① 病む【やむ】 • to fall ill, to be ill

① 貧弱【ひんじゃく】 • poor, meagre, meager, insubstantial

① 不意【ふい】 • sudden, abrupt, unexpected, unforeseen

① 付け加える【つけくわえる】 • to add one thing to another

① 富む【とむ】 • to be rich, to become rich

① 富豪【ふごう】 • wealthy person, millionaire

① 布告【ふこく】 • edict, ordinance, proclamation

① 浮気【うわき】 • ① extramarital sex, affair, fooling around ② infidelity, wantonness, unfaithfulness, inconstancy, fickleness, caprice

① 侮辱【ぶじょく】 • insult, contempt, slight

① 封建【ほうけん】 • feudalistic

① 風習【ふうしゅう】 • custom

① 覆い【おおい】 • mantle, cover, shroud, hood

① 沸騰【ふっとう】 • boiling, seething

① 仏像【ぶつぞう】 • Buddhist image (statue)

① 物足りない【ものたりない】 • unsatisfied, unsatisfactory

① 分業【ぶんぎょう】 • division of labor, division of labour, specialization, specialisation, assembly-line production

① 噴出【ふんしゅつ】 • spewing, gushing, spouting, eruption, effusion

① 奮闘【ふんとう】 • hard struggle, strenuous effort

① 紛失【ふんしつ】 • losing something

① 並列【へいれつ】 • arrangement, parallel, abreast

① 片付け【かたづけ】 • tidying up, finishing

① 返答【へんとう】 • reply

① 舗装【ほそう】 • pavement, road surface

① 歩む【あゆむ】 • to walk, to go on foot

① 補足【ほそく】 • supplement, complement

① 慕う【したう】 • to yearn for, to miss, to adore, to love dearly

① 報じる【ほうじる】 • to inform, to report

① 放射【ほうしゃ】 • radiation, emission

① 放置【ほうち】 • leave as is, leave to chance, leave alone, neglect

① 褒美【ほうび】 • reward, prize

① 望ましい【のぞましい】 • desirable, hoped for

① 没収【ぼっしゅう】 • forfeiture, seizure, confiscation, impounding

① 本能【ほんのう】 • instinct

① 満月【まんげつ】 • full moon

① 未熟【みじゅく】 • inexperience, unripeness, raw, unskilled, immature, inexperienced

① 無意味【むいみ】 • nonsense, no meaning, meaningless

① 無邪気【むじゃき】 • innocence, simple-mindedness

① 無駄遣い【むだづかい】 • wasting ... on (e.g. money), squandering, waste, frittering away

① 無知【むち】 • ignorance

① 無茶【むちゃ】 • absurd, unreasonable, excessive, rash, absurdity, nonsense

① 無能【むのう】 • inefficiency, incompetence

① 無論【むろん】 • of course, naturally

① 名付ける【なづける】 • to name (someone)

① 明かす【あかす】 • ① to pass (e.g. the night), to spend ② to reveal, to divulge

① 明瞭【めいりょう】 • clarity, clearness

① 滅亡【めつぼう】 • downfall, ruin, collapse, destruction

① 模範【もはん】 • exemplar, exemplification, exemplum, model, example

① 模倣【もほう】 • imitation, copying

① 目覚める【めざめる】 • to wake up

① 目録【もくろく】 • ① catalogue, catalog, inventory, index, list ② certificate indicating an impending gift

① 優越【ゆうえつ】 • supremacy, predominance, being superior to

① 有する【ゆうする】 • to own, to be endowed with

① 有様【ありさま】 • state, condition, circumstances, the way things are or should be, truth

① 誘惑【ゆうわく】 • temptation, allurement, lure, seduction

① 夕暮れ【ゆうぐれ】 • evening, (evening) twilight

① 揺さぶる【ゆさぶる】 • to shake, to jolt, to rock, to swing

① 揺らぐ【ゆらぐ】 • to swing, to sway, to shake, to tremble

① 用法【ようほう】 • directions, rules of use

① 遥か【はるか】 • far, far away, distant, remote, far off

① 養う【やしなう】 • to rear, to maintain, to support (e.g. family), to cultivate

① 絡む【からむ】 • ① to entangle, to entwine ② to pick a quarrel, to find fault ③ to be involved with, to be influenced by, to develop a connection with

① 落下【らっか】 • fall, drop, come down

① 落胆【らくたん】 • discouragement, despondency, dejection

① 乱す【みだす】 • to throw out of order, to disarrange, to disturb

① 乱れる【みだれる】 • ① to be disordered, to be disarranged, to be disarrayed, to be disheveled, to be dishevelled ② to be discomposed, to be upset, to get confused, to be disturbed ③ to lapse into chaos (due to war, etc.)

① 利潤【りじゅん】 • profit, returns

① 履歴【りれき】 • personal history, background, career, log, record

① 理性【りせい】 • reason, sense

① 率いる【ひきいる】 • to lead, to spearhead (a group), to command (troops)

① 立ち寄る【たちよる】 • to stop by, to drop in for a short visit

① 立ち去る【たちさる】 • to leave, to depart, to take one's leave

① 臨む【のぞむ】 • ① to look out on ② to face ③ to deal with ④ to attend (e.g. function), to appear (e.g. in court)

① 励ます【はげます】 • to encourage, to cheer, to raise (the voice)

① 励む【はげむ】 • to be zealous, to brace oneself, to endeavour, to endeavor, to strive, to make an effort

① 練る【ねる】 • ① to knead, to work over ② to polish up (e.g. a plan) ③ to drill, to train

① 連なる【つらなる】 • to extend, to stretch out, to stand in a row

① 連ねる【つらねる】 • to link, to join, to put together

① 労力【ろうりょく】 • labour, labor, effort, toil, trouble

① 浪費【ろうひ】 • waste, extravagance

① 賄う【まかなう】 • to give board to, to provide meals, to pay, to cover (the cost)

① 寄贈【きぞう】 • donation, presentation, gift

① 偽物【にせもの】 • spurious article, forgery, counterfeit, imitation, sham

① 脅かす【おびやかす】 • ① to intimidate, to scare ② to jeopardize, to endanger, to imperil

① 重複【じゅうふく】 • duplication, repetition, overlapping, redundancy, restoration

① 重宝【ちょうほう】 • priceless treasure, convenience, usefulness

① 打ち込む【うちこむ】 • to drive in (e.g. nail, stake), to devote oneself to, to shoot into, to smash, to throw into, to cast into

① 天地【てんち】 • ① heaven and earth, the universe, nature, top and bottom, realm, sphere, world ② top and bottom ③ gods of heaven and earth

① 伝言【でんごん】 • verbal message, rumor, rumour, word

① 乏しい【とぼしい】 • meagre, meager, scarce, limited, destitute, hard up, lacking, scanty, poor

① 埋まる【うまる】 • to be buried, to be surrounded, to overflow, to be filled

① 免れる【まぬかれる】 • to escape from, to be rescued from, to avoid, to evade, to avert, to elude, to be exempted, to be relieved from pain, to get rid of

① 融通【ゆうずう】 • ① lending (money), finance ② adaptability, versatility, flexibility, accommodation

① 予言【よげん】 • prediction, promise, prognostication

① 来場【らいじょう】 • attendance

① 打ち明ける【うちあける】 • to be frank, to speak one's mind, to open one's heart

① 産む【うむ】 • to give birth, to deliver, to produce

① 大げさ【おおげさ】 • grandiose, exaggerated

① 傷つく【きずつく】 • ① to be wounded, to get injured ② to get hurt feelings ③ to chip, to scratch, to damage

① 元素【げんそ】 • chemical element

① 執着【しゅうちゃく】 • attachment, adhesion, tenacity

① 種々【しゅじゅ】 • variety

① 心【しん】 • ① heart, mind ② spirit, vitality, inner strength ③ Chinese "Heart" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)

① 擦る【する】 • ① to rub, to chafe, to strike (match), to file, to frost (glass) ② to lose (e.g. a match), to forfeit, to squander one's money (e.g. through gambling, Pachinko, etc.)

① 備わる【そなわる】 • ① to be furnished with, to be endowed with ② to be among, to be one of, to be possessed of

① 貴い【とうとい】 • precious, valuable, priceless, noble, exalted, sacred

① 止める【とどめる】 • ① to stop, to stay (e.g. the night), to cease, to put an end to ② to contain, to keep (in position, in place), to limit ③ to record (e.g. a fact), to retain

① 何気ない【なにげない】 • casual, unconcerned, nonchalant

① 担う【になう】 • to carry on shoulder, to bear (burden), to shoulder (gun)

① 飲み込む【のみこむ】 • ① to gulp down, to swallow deeply ② to understand, to take in, to catch on to, to learn, to digest

① 暴露【ばくろ】 • disclosure, exposure, revelation

① 左利き【ひだりきき】 • left-handedness, sake drinker, left-hander

① 日焼け【ひやけ】 • ① sunburn ② suntan

① 付録【ふろく】 • appendix, supplement, annex

① 滅びる【ほろびる】 • to be ruined, to go under, to perish, to be destroyed

① 滅ぼす【ほろぼす】 • to destroy, to overthrow, to wreck, to ruin

① 前もって【まえもって】 • in advance, beforehand, previously

① 見積もり【みつもり】 • estimation, quotation

① 見逃す【みのがす】 • to miss, to overlook, to leave at large

① 漏らす【もらす】 • to let leak, to reveal

① 値する【あたいする】 • to be worth, to deserve, to merit

① 模試【もし】 • mock examination, trial examination

① 陣【じん】 • battle formation, camp, encampment

① あからさま • plain, frank, candid, open, direct, straightforward, unabashed, blatant, flagrant

① いかにも • indeed, really, phrase meaning agreement

① こだわる • ① to fuss over, to be particular about ② to be obsessive, to be fixated

① ことごとく • altogether, entirely

① さっと • ① quickly (esp. actions) ② suddenly (esp. wind, rain, etc.)

① しばしば • often, again and again, frequently

① しみじみ • ① earnestly, keenly, fully, deeply, heartily, seriously ② calmly

① だるい • sluggish, feel heavy, languid, dull

① ひいては • not only ... but also, in addition to, consequently

① ひたすら • nothing but, earnest, intent, determined, set on (something)

① よし • common reed (Phragmites australis)

① 斡旋【あっせん】 • ① kind offices, services, through the good offices of, influence ② intercession, mediation

① 闇【やみ】 • darkness, the dark, black-marketeering, dark, shady, illegal

① 汚す【けがす】 • to disgrace, to dishonour, to dishonor, to defile

① 汚れる【けがれる】 • to be violated, to be corrupted, to be polluted, to be stained

① 崖【がけ】 • cliff

① 顎【あご】 • chin, jaw

① 滑稽【こっけい】 • funny, humorous, humourous, comical, laughable, ridiculous, joking

① かつ • yet, moreover, and

① あえて • dare (to do something), venture (often overcoming reluctance, or in the face of probable failure), take upon oneself, challenge, presume, (there is no) need to, (don't) go as far as, definitely (not)

① 竿【さお】 • ① rod, pole ② neck (of a shamisen, etc.), shamisen ③ beam (i.e. the crossbar of a balance) ④ single line (esp. as a flying formation for geese) ⑤ counter for flags (on poles), counter for long, thin Japanese sweets (e.g. youkan)

① 怯える【おびえる】 • to become frightened, to be frightened (of), to be scared (of)

① 凝らす【こごらす】 • ① to freeze, to congeal ② to concentrate one's attention on, to devote oneself to something, to ponder, to meditate

① 凝る【こごる】 • to congeal, to freeze

① 近付く【ちかづく】 • ① to approach, to draw near, to get close ② to get acquainted with, to get closer to, to get to know

① 戸惑う【とまどう】 • to be bewildered, to be perplexed

① 語彙【ごい】 • vocabulary, lexicon, lexis, terminology

① 垢【あか】 • dirt, filth, grime

① 今更【いまさら】 • now (after such a long time), at this late hour (i.e. it is too late for something)

① 差し引く【さしひく】 • ① to deduct, to take away, to dock ② to make allowances for something, to bear something in mind ③ to ebb and flow

① 刺繍【ししゅう】 • embroidery

① 嫉妬【しっと】 • jealousy, envy

① もしくは • or, otherwise

① 渋い【しぶい】 • ① tasteful (clothing), cool, an aura of refined masculinity ② astringent, sullen, bitter (taste), raspy (voice) ③ grim, quiet ④ sober, stingy

① ついで • opportunity, occasion

① 杖【つえ】 • cane, walking stick, staff

① 蒸留【じょうりゅう】 • distillation

① 盛る【さかる】 • ① to prosper, to flourish ② to copulate (animals)

① 漕ぐ【こぐ】 • ① to row, to scull, to paddle ② to pedal (e.g. bicycle) ③ to swing (on a swing) ④ to operate a hand pump ⑤ to push through (deep snow, the jungle, etc.)

① 揃い【そろい】 • set, suit, uniform

① きのこ • mushroom

① 叩く【はたく】 • ① to strike, to clap, to dust, to beat ② to play drums ③ to abuse, to flame (e.g. on the Internet), to insult ④ to use up money

① 辿る【たどる】 • to follow (road), to pursue (course), to follow up, to follow (hyperlink)

① はじく • ① to flip, to snap ② to repel

① ちょう • super-, ultra-, hyper-, very, really (conversational)

① 賭ける【かける】 • to wager, to bet, to risk, to stake, to gamble

① つつく • ① to poke (repeatedly, lightly), to nudge ② to peck at (one's food), to pick at ③ to peck at (someone's faults, etc.) ④ to egg on, to put up to

① 賑わう【にぎわう】 • to prosper, to flourish, to do thriving business, to be crowded with people

① 日頃【ひごろ】 • normally, habitually