Study Set: Tobira 01-02

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Tobira 01-02

Lession 1 and 2 from Tobira: Gateway to Advanced Japanese

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214 entries — Created by Buch . — Last modified: 2014-07-19 04:58:45

⑤ そんな • such (about the actions of the listener, or about ideas expressed or understood by the listener), like that, that sort of

⑤ 出来る【できる】 • ① to be able (in a position) to do, to be up to the task ② to be ready, to be completed ③ to be made, to be built ④ to be good at, to be permitted (to do) ⑤ to become intimate, to take up (with somebody) ⑥ to grow, to be raised

⑤ 入る【はいる】 • ① to enter ② to break into ③ to join, to enroll ④ to contain, to hold, to accommodate ⑤ to have (an income of)

⑤ 大きい【おおきい】 • big, large, great, loud

⑤ 分かる【わかる】 • ① to be understood, to be comprehended, to be grasped ② to become clear, to be known, to be discovered, to be realized, to be realised, to be found out

⑤ 年【ねん】 • ① year (e.g. AD) ② counter for years

⑤ 悪い【わるい】 • ① bad, poor, inferior ② evil, sinful ③ unprofitable, unbeneficial ④ at fault, to blame, in the wrong ⑤ sorry

⑤ 建物【たてもの】 • building

⑤ 多い【おおい】 • many, numerous

⑤ 大切【たいせつ】 • important, valuable, worthy of care

⑤ 短い【みじかい】 • short

⑤ 地図【ちず】 • map

⑤ 方【ほう】 • side, direction, way

⑤ 明日【あした】 • tomorrow

⑤ 終わる【おわる】 • to finish, to end, to close

⑤ 泳ぐ【およぐ】 • to swim

⑤ 絵【え】 • picture, drawing, painting, sketch

⑤ 階【かい】 • ① stories, storeys ② counter for storeys and floors of a building

⑤ 言葉【ことば】 • ① language, dialect ② word, words, phrase, term, expression, remark ③ speech, (manner of) speaking

⑤ 酒【さけ】 • alcohol, sake

⑤ 本当【ほんとう】 • truth, reality

⑤ 昨日【きのう】 • yesterday

⑤ 過ぎ【すぎ】 • ① past, after ② too (much), over (e.g. eating)

⑤ 皆さん【みなさん】 • all, everyone, everybody

⑤ 覚える【おぼえる】 • ① to remember, to recollect, to memorize, to memorise ② to feel

⑤ 今晩【こんばん】 • tonight, this evening

⑤ 困る【こまる】 • to be troubled, to be worried, to be bothered, to be embarrassed, to be stumped

⑤ 雑誌【ざっし】 • journal, magazine, periodical

⑤ 大変【たいへん】 • ① very, greatly ② immense, enormous, great ③ serious, grave, dreadful, terrible ④ difficult, hard

⑤ 難しい【むずかしい】 • difficult

⑤ 必要【ひつよう】 • ① necessary, needed, essential, indispensable ② necessity, need, requirement

⑤ 忙しい【いそがしい】 • busy, hectic, occupied, engaged

⑤ 友達【ともだち】 • friend, companion

⑤ 誰【だれ】 • who

⑤ 僕【ぼく】 • ① I, me ② you (used addressing young children) ③ manservant

⑤ あの • that (someone or something distant from both speaker and listener, or situation unfamiliar to both speaker and listener)

⑤ する • ① to do ② to cause to become, to make (into), to turn (into) ③ to serve as, to act as, to work as ④ to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.) ⑤ to judge as being, to view as being, to think of as, to treat as, to use as ⑥ to decide on, to choose ⑦ to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) ⑧ to be (in a state, condition, etc.) ⑨ to be worth, to cost ⑩ to pass (of time), to elapse ⑪ verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs") ⑫ creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go") ⑬ to be just about to, to be just starting to, to try to, to attempt to

⑤ ある • ① to be (usu. of inanimate objects), to exist, to live ② to have ③ to be located ④ to be equipped with ⑤ to happen, to come about

⑤ なる • ① to become, to get, to grow, to be, to reach, to attain ② to result in, to prove to be ③ to consist of, to be composed of ④ to succeed, to be complete ⑤ to change into, to be exchanged for ⑥ to play a role ⑦ to be promoted (shogi)

⑤ この • this (something or someone close to the speaker (including the speaker), or ideas expressed by the speaker)

⑤ よう • ① (usu. after the -masu stem of a verb) appearing ..., looking ... ② (usu. after the -masu stem of a verb) way to ..., method of ...ing ③ (usu. after a noun) form, style, design ④ (usu. after a noun) like, similar to ⑤ thing (thought or spoken)

④ はっきり • clearly, plainly, distinctly

④ なさい • do (imperative form often used after ~masu base of verbs)

④ 以上【いじょう】 • ① not less than, ... and more, ... and upwards ② beyond ... (e.g. one's means), further (e.g. nothing further to say), more than ... (e.g. cannot pay more than that) ③ above-mentioned, foregoing ④ since ..., seeing that ... ⑤ this is all, that is the end, the end

④ 花見【はなみ】 • cherry blossom viewing, flower viewing

④ 楽しむ【たのしむ】 • to enjoy oneself

④ 気分【きぶん】 • feeling, mood

④ 急【きゅう】 • ① urgent, sudden, abrupt ② sharp, steep, precipitous ③ rapid, swift, fast ④ emergency, crisis ⑤ hurrying, haste ⑥ (in gagaku or noh) end of a song

④ 合う【あう】 • ① to come together, to merge, to unite, to meet ② to fit, to match, to suit, to agree with, to be correct ③ to be profitable, to be equitable ④ (after the -masu stem of a verb) to do ... to each other, to do ... together

④ 上手い【うまい】 • ① skillful, clever, expert, wise, successful ② delicious, appetizing, appetising ③ fortunate, splendid, promising

④ 小説【しょうせつ】 • novel, (short) story

④ 場合【ばあい】 • case, situation

④ 世界【せかい】 • the world, society, the universe

④ 正月【しょうがつ】 • New Year, New Year's Day, the first month, January

④ 説明【せつめい】 • explanation, exposition

④ 地理【ちり】 • geography

④ 都合【つごう】 • circumstances, condition, convenience

④ 特に【とくに】 • particularly, especially

④ 特別【とくべつ】 • special

④ 日【ひ】 • ① day, days ② sun, sunshine, sunlight ③ case (esp. unfortunate), event

④ 旅館【りょかん】 • Japanese hotel, inn, ryokan

④ 行う【おこなう】 • to perform, to do, to conduct oneself, to carry out

④ 代わり【かわり】 • ① substitute, deputy, proxy, alternate, relief, compensation, second helping ② in place of, as a substitute for

④ 気持ち【きもち】 • feeling, sensation, mood

④ 客【きゃく】 • ① guest, visitor ② customer, client, shopper, spectator, audience, tourist, sightseer, passenger

④ 残る【のこる】 • to remain, to be left

④ 市【し】 • city

④ 伝える【つたえる】 • to convey, to report, to transmit, to communicate, to tell, to impart, to propagate, to teach, to bequeath

④ 美しい【うつくしい】 • beautiful, lovely

④ 無理【むり】 • unreasonable, impossible, overdoing

④ 理由【りゆう】 • reason, pretext, motive

④ 例えば【たとえば】 • for example, e.g.

④ 選ぶ【えらぶ】 • to choose, to select

④ 落とす【おとす】 • ① to drop, to lose, to let fall ② to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.), to remove (e.g. stains) ③ to download

④ 決まる【きまる】 • ① to be decided, to be settled ② to look good in (clothes)

④ 祭り【まつり】 • festival, feast

④ 島【とう】 • island (in placenames)

④ 課長【かちょう】 • section manager, section chief

④ 会議【かいぎ】 • meeting, conference, session, assembly, council, convention, congress

④ 慣れる【なれる】 • ① to grow accustomed to, to get too familiar with ② to become domesticated, to become tame

④ 簡単【かんたん】 • simple

④ 関係【かんけい】 • relation, connection

④ 景色【けしき】 • scenery, scene, landscape

④ 最後【さいご】 • ① last, end, conclusion ② (after -tara form or -ta form followed by "ga") no sooner than, right after (often having negative consequences)

④ 女性【じょせい】 • ① woman, female ② feminine gender

④ 専門【せんもん】 • speciality, specialty, subject of study, expert

④ 戦争【せんそう】 • war

④ 男性【だんせい】 • ① man, male ② masculine gender

④ 土産【みやげ】 • present, souvenir

④ 比べる【くらべる】 • ① to compare, to make a comparison ② to compete, to vie

④ 普通【ふつう】 • ① general, ordinary, usual ② normally, generally, usually ③ train that stops at every station

④ 複雑【ふくざつ】 • complex, complicated

④ 壁【かべ】 • ① wall, barrier ② Chinese "Wall" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)

④ 変える【かえる】 • to change, to alter, to vary, to convert, to revise, to amend, to transform

④ 連絡【れんらく】 • ① to contact, to get in touch ② contacting, getting in touch, communication, call, message ③ connection, coordination, junction ④ intercalary, intercalaris, internuncial

④ 周り【まわり】 • ① circumference, perimeter, edge ② surroundings, locality, neighborhood ③ rotation, circulation

④ 厳しい【きびしい】 • ① severe, strict, rigid, unsparing, relentless ② stern, austere, grave, solemn, majestic ③ intense (cold)

④ 謝る【あやまる】 • to apologize, to apologise

④ 随分【ずいぶん】 • ① very, extremely, surprisingly, considerably ② contemptible, reprehensible

④ 丁寧【ていねい】 • polite, courteous, careful, care, kind, close, thorough, conscientious

④ 田舎【いなか】 • ① rural area, countryside, the sticks ② hometown

④ すごい • ① terrible, dreadful ② amazing (e.g. of strength), great (e.g. of skills), wonderful, terrific ③ to a great extent, vast (in numbers)

③ 火山【かざん】 • volcano

③ 間【かん】 • ① interval, period of time ② among, between, inter-

③ 地方【ちほう】 • ① area, locality, district, region, province ② countryside, rural area ③ coast (esp. as seen from the water) ④ person singing ballads in Noh, person in charge of music in a Japanese dance performance

③ 文字【もじ】 • ① letter (of alphabet), character ② literal

③ 少々【しょうしょう】 • just a minute, small quantity

③ 広げる【ひろげる】 • to spread, to extend, to expand, to enlarge, to widen, to broaden, to unfold, to open, to unroll

③ 不【ふ】 • un-, non-, negative prefix

③ 感じ【かんじ】 • feeling, sense, impression

③ 感じる【かんじる】 • to feel, to sense, to experience

③ 観光【かんこう】 • sightseeing

③ 気温【きおん】 • atmospheric temperature

③ 県【けん】 • ① prefecture (of Japan) ② county (of China)

③ 言語【げんご】 • language

③ 自然【しぜん】 • ① nature, spontaneity ② naturally, spontaneously

③ 実は【じつは】 • as a matter of fact, by the way, to tell you the truth, to be honest, frankly

③ 首都【しゅと】 • capital city, metropolis

③ 出身【しゅっしん】 • ① person's origin (town, city, country, etc.) ② institution from which one graduated ③ director in charge of employee relations

③ 場面【ばめん】 • scene, setting (e.g. of novel)

③ 全体【ぜんたい】 • whole, entirety, whatever (is the matter)

③ 相手【あいて】 • ① companion, partner, company ② other party, addressee ③ opponent (sports, etc.)

③ 断る【ことわる】 • ① to refuse, to reject, to dismiss, to turn down, to decline ② to inform, to give notice, to tell in advance ③ to ask leave, to excuse oneself (from)

③ 的【てき】 • -like, typical

③ 都市【とし】 • town, city, municipal, urban

③ 表【ひょう】 • table (e.g. Tab 1), chart, list

③ 部分【ぶぶん】 • portion, section, part

③ 平和【へいわ】 • peace, harmony

③ 辺り【あたり】 • ① on the bank of, by the side of (e.g. a river, pond) ② (in the) neighbourhood, neighborhood, vicinity, nearby

③ 目的【もくてき】 • purpose, goal, aim, objective, intention

③ 例【れい】 • ① custom, practice, habit, usual ② said, aforementioned ③ instance, example, case, illustration, usage ④ precedent ⑤ annual

③ 羽【わ】 • counter for birds and rabbits

③ 色【しょく】 • counter for colours

③ 一般【いっぱん】 • general, liberal, universal, ordinary, average

③ 課【か】 • ① lesson ② section (in an organization), division, department ③ counter for lessons and chapters (of a book)

③ 観察【かんさつ】 • observation, survey

③ 気候【きこう】 • climate

③ 恐ろしい【おそろしい】 • terrible, dreadful

③ 差【さ】 • difference, variation

③ 最も【もっとも】 • most, extremely

③ 城【しろ】 • castle

③ 状況【じょうきょう】 • state of affairs (around you), situation, circumstances

③ 大陸【たいりく】 • continent

③ 内容【ないよう】 • subject, contents, matter, substance, detail, import

③ 表現【ひょうげん】 • ① expression, presentation ② representation, notation

③ 恋人【こいびと】 • lover, sweetheart

③ 論文【ろんぶん】 • thesis, essay, treatise, paper, article

③ 至る【いたる】 • ① to arrive at (e.g. a decision), to reach (a stage), to attain ② to lead to (a place), to get to

③ 専攻【せんこう】 • major subject, special study

③ 伝統【でんとう】 • tradition, convention

③ 特徴【とくちょう】 • feature, trait, characteristic, pecularity

③ 誘う【さそう】 • ① to invite, to ask, to call (for) ② to tempt, to lure, to induce

③ 俺【おれ】 • (masc) I, me (rough or arrogant-sounding first-person pronoun, formerly also used by women)

③ 梅雨【つゆ】 • ① rainy season ② rain during the rainy season

③ 桜【さくら】 • ① cherry tree, cherry blossom ② decoy, fake buyer, shill ③ hired applauder

② 見学【けんがく】 • inspection, study by observation, field trip

② 前【ぜん】 • ① the last (i.e. immediately preceding) (e.g. "the last mayor"), previous, one-time, former ② (before the name of an era) pre- (e.g. "premodern") ③ before, earlier

② 南北【なんぼく】 • south and north

② 分【ぶん】 • ① part, segment, share, ration ② rate ③ degree, one's lot, one's status, relation, duty, kind, lot ④ in proportion to, just as much as

② 人々【ひとびと】 • each person, people, men, human, everybody

② 行事【ぎょうじ】 • event, function

② 地名【ちめい】 • place name

② 名所【めいしょ】 • ① famous place ② name of a part (of an instrument, etc.) ③ name and address

② 名物【めいぶつ】 • famous product, special product, speciality, specialty

② 決まり【きまり】 • ① rule, regulation ② settlement, conclusion, end, agreement, arrangement ③ habit, custom

② 都【と】 • metropolitan, municipal

② 関西【かんさい】 • Kansai (south-western half of Japan, including Osaka)

② 関東【かんとう】 • Kantou (eastern half of Japan, including Tokyo)

② 敬語【けいご】 • honorific, term of respect

② 湿度【しつど】 • level of humidity

② 省略【しょうりゃく】 • omission, abbreviation, abridgment, abridgement

② 宅【たく】 • house, home, husband

② 浴衣【ゆかた】 • yukata (light cotton kimono worn in the summer or used as a bathrobe)

② 撮影【さつえい】 • photographing

① 原爆【げんばく】 • atomic bomb, A-bomb

① 短縮【たんしゅく】 • shortening, abbreviation, reduction

① 統治【とうち】 • rule, reign, government, governing

① 美【び】 • beauty

① 奢る【おごる】 • to give (someone) a treat

ドーム • dome

リラックス • relax

レジャー • leisure

国土【こくど】 • country, territory, domain, realm

四国【しこく】 • Shikoku (smallest of the four main islands of Japan)

男女【だんじょ】 • man and woman, men and women

東北【とうほく】 • ① north-east ② Northern most six prefectures of Honshu

こう言う【こういう】 • such, like this

そう言う【そういう】 • such, like that, that sort of, very

体【たい】 • ① body, physique, posture ② shape, form, style ③ substance, identity, reality ④ field ⑤ counter for humanoid forms (e.g. dolls, statues, corpses, etc.)

東京【とうきょう】 • Tokyo (current capital of Japan)

北海道【ほっかいどう】 • Hokkaido (northernmost of the four main islands of Japan)

道【どう】 • ① road ② way ③ Buddhist teachings ④ Taoism ⑤ modern administrative region of Japan (Hokkaido) ⑥ historical administrative region of Japan (Tokaido, Tosando, etc.) ⑦ province (Tang-era administrative region of China) ⑧ province (modern administrative region of Korea)

その他【そのた】 • etc., otherwise, besides, in addition, the rest, the others, and so forth

九州【きゅうしゅう】 • Kyushu (southernmost of the four main islands of Japan)

型【がた】 • ① model, type (e.g. of machine, goods, etc.) ② type, style, pattern ③ mold (mould), template, model ④ kata (standard form of a movement, posture, etc. in martial arts, sport, etc.) ⑤ form (i.e. customary procedure) ⑥ size (i.e. clothing, shoes)

表れる【あらわれる】 • ① to appear, to come in sight, to become visible, to come out, to embody, to materialize, to materialise ② to be expressed (e.g. emotions), to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)

書き言葉【かきことば】 • written word, written language

昔話【むかしばなし】 • folklore, legend, reminiscence

本州【ほんしゅう】 • Honshu (largest of the four main islands of Japan)

島国【しまぐに】 • island country (sometimes used as a metaphor for Japan)

話し言葉【はなしことば】 • spoken language, colloquial expression

京都【きょうと】 • Kyoto

初め【はじめ】 • beginning, start, origin

お願い【おねがい】 • ① request, wish ② please

お勧め【おすすめ】 • recommendation, advice, suggestion, encouragement

じゃがいも • potato (Solanum tuberosum)

遺産【いさん】 • inheritance, bequest, legacy, heritage

興味深い【きょうみぶかい】 • very interesting, of great interest

ごめん • your pardon, declining (something), dismissal, permission

紙芝居【かみしばい】 • picture story show

摂氏【せっし】 • Centigrade, Celsius

あいつ • he, she, that guy

富士山【ふじさん】 • Mt Fuji

白鷺【しらさぎ】 • generic name for herons with all-white plumage (inc. egrets)