Study Set: Minna no Nihongo Intermediate II

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Minna no Nihongo Intermediate II

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Minna no Nihongo Chuukyuu Lesson 13-22

Levels:

296

150

184

259

998 entries — Created by Public Domain — Last modified: 2015-09-16 09:11:01

⑤ 一【いち】 • ① one ② best in, the most (...) in (where an adjective follows)

⑤ 飲む【のむ】 • ① to drink, to gulp, to swallow ② to smoke (tobacco) ③ to engulf, to overwhelm ④ to keep down, to suppress ⑤ to accept (e.g. demand, condition) ⑥ to make light of, to conceal

⑤ 右【みぎ】 • ① right, right hand side ② afore-mentioned (esp. in vertical Japanese writing), foregoing, forgoing, above

⑤ 円【えん】 • ① Yen, money ② circle

⑤ 下さい【ください】 • ① please give me ② (after te-form of a verb or a noun prefixed with o- or go-) please do for me

⑤ 外国【がいこく】 • foreign country

⑤ 語【ご】 • ① language ② word

⑤ 耳【みみ】 • ① ear ② hearing ③ edge, crust ④ selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics), selvage

⑤ 手【て】 • ① hand, arm ② handle ③ hand, worker, help ④ trouble, care, effort ⑤ means, way, trick, move, technique, workmanship ⑥ hand, handwriting ⑦ kind, type, sort ⑧ one's hands, one's possession ⑨ ability to cope ⑩ hand (of cards) ⑪ direction

⑤ 出す【だす】 • ① to take out, to get out ② to put out, to reveal, to show ③ to submit (e.g. thesis), to turn in ④ to publish, to make public ⑤ to send (e.g. letter) ⑥ to produce (a sound), to start (fire) ⑦ to serve (food) ⑧ to begin

⑤ 出る【でる】 • ① to go out, to exit, to leave ② to appear, to come forth, to be published ③ to answer (the phone or door)

⑤ 出口【でぐち】 • exit, gateway, way out, outlet, leak, vent

⑤ 上【うえ】 • ① above, up, over ② top, summit ③ surface, on ④ before, previous ⑤ superiority, one's superior (i.e. one's elder) ⑥ on top of that, besides, what's more ⑦ upon (further inspection, etc.), based on (and occurring after) ⑧ matters concerning..., as concerns ... ⑨ since (i.e. "for that reason") ⑩ suffix indicating higher social standing

⑤ 上げる【あげる】 • ① to raise, to elevate ② to do up (one's hair) ③ to fly (a kite, etc.), to launch (fireworks, etc.), to surface (a submarine, etc.) ④ to land (a boat) ⑤ to show someone (into a room) ⑥ (uk) to summon (for geishas, etc.) ⑦ to send someone (away) ⑧ to enrol (one's child in school) (enroll) ⑨ to increase (price, quality, status, etc.) ⑩ to make (a loud sound), to raise (one's voice) ⑪ to earn (something desirable) ⑫ to praise ⑬ to give (an example, etc.), to cite ⑭ to summon up (all of one's energy, etc.) ⑮ to arrest ⑯ to nominate ⑰ to give ⑱ to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.) ⑲ to bear (a child) ⑳ to conduct (a ceremony, esp. a wedding) ○ (of the tide) to come in ○ to vomit ○ (after the -te form of a verb) to do for (the sake of someone else) ○ (after the -masu stem of a verb) to complete ○ used after the -masu stem of a humble verb to increase the level of humility

⑤ 新聞【しんぶん】 • newspaper

⑤ 水【みず】 • water (cold, fresh)

⑤ 生まれる【うまれる】 • to be born

⑤ 先【さき】 • ① previous, prior, former, some time ago, preceding ② point (e.g. pencil), tip, end, nozzle ③ head (of a line), front ④ ahead, the other side ⑤ the future, hereafter ⑥ destination ⑦ the other party

⑤ 大学【だいがく】 • ① post-secondary education institution, incl. university, college, etc. ② the Great Learning - one of the Four Books

⑤ 大人【おとな】 • adult

⑤ 電気【でんき】 • ① electricity ② (electric) light

⑤ 入る【はいる】 • ① to enter ② to break into ③ to join, to enroll ④ to contain, to hold, to accommodate ⑤ to have (an income of)

⑤ 入れる【いれる】 • ① to put in, to let in, to take in, to bring in, to insert, to set (a jewel, etc.) ② to admit, to accept, to employ, to hire ③ to accept, to comply, to grant, to adopt (a policy, etc.), to take (advice, etc.), to listen to, to pay attention to ④ to include ⑤ to pay (one's rent, etc.) ⑥ to cast (a vote) ⑦ to make (tea, coffee, etc.) ⑧ to turn on (a switch, etc.) ⑨ to send (a fax), to call

⑤ 悪い【わるい】 • ① bad, poor, inferior ② evil, sinful ③ unprofitable, unbeneficial ④ at fault, to blame, in the wrong ⑤ sorry

⑤ 音楽【おんがく】 • music, musical movement

⑤ 夏【なつ】 • summer

⑤ 家族【かぞく】 • family, members of a family

⑤ 元気【げんき】 • health(y), robust, vigor, vigour, energy, vitality, vim, stamina, spirit, courage, pep

⑤ 使う【つかう】 • ① to use (a thing, method, etc.), to make use of, to put to use ② to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.), to employ, to handle, to manage, to manipulate ③ to use (time, money, etc.), to spend, to consume ④ to use (language), to speak ⑤ to take (one's lunch), to circulate (bad money)

⑤ 私【わたし】 • ① I, me ② private affairs, personal matter, secrecy ③ selfishness

⑤ 持つ【もつ】 • ① to hold, to carry ② to possess

⑤ 時計【とけい】 • watch, clock, timepiece

⑤ 自分【じぶん】 • ① myself, yourself, oneself, himself, herself ② I, me

⑤ 手紙【てがみ】 • letter

⑤ 住む【すむ】 • to live (of humans), to reside, to inhabit, to dwell, to abide

⑤ 所【ところ】 • ① place, spot, scene, site ② address ③ district, area, locality ④ one's house ⑤ point ⑥ part ⑦ space, room ⑧ whereupon, as a result ⑨ (after present form of a verb) about to, on the verge of

⑤ 色【いろ】 • ① colour, color ② complexion ③ appearance, look ④ love, lust, sensuality, love affair, lover ⑤ kind, type, variety

⑤ 食堂【しょくどう】 • ① dining room, dining hall, cafeteria, messroom ② restaurant, eatery, snack bar, diner

⑤ 切る【きる】 • ① to cut (usu. to cut through) ② to sever (connections, ties) ③ to turn off (i.e. the light) ④ to terminate (i.e. a conversation), to hang up (the phone), to disconnect ⑤ to punch (a ticket), to tear off (a stub) ⑥ to open (something sealed) ⑦ to start ⑧ to set (a limit) ⑨ to reduce, to decrease, to discount ⑩ to shake off (water, etc.), to let drip-dry (or drain) ⑪ to cross ⑫ to do (something noticeable) ⑬ to turn (a vehicle) ⑭ to cut (the ball) ⑮ to shuffle (cards) ⑯ to trump ⑰ (in Go) to isolate (an opponent's stone) ⑱ (after the -masu stem of a verb) to finish, to complete

⑤ 知る【しる】 • to know, to understand, to be acquainted with, to feel

⑤ 着く【つく】 • ① to arrive at, to reach ② to sit on, to sit at (e.g. the table)

⑤ 取る【とる】 • ① to take, to pick up, to harvest, to earn, to choose ② to steal ③ to eat, to have (a meal) ④ to remove (one's glasses, etc.)

⑤ 結構【けっこう】 • ① splendid, nice, wonderful, delicious, sweet ② sufficient, fine (in the sense of "I'm fine"), (by implication) no thank you ③ well enough, OK, tolerable ④ reasonably, fairly, tolerably

⑤ 個【こ】 • ① counter for articles ② counter for military units ③ individual

⑤ 厚い【あつい】 • ① thick, deep, heavy ② kind, cordial, hospitable, warm, faithful ③ serious (of an illness) ④ abundant

⑤ 歳【さい】 • ① -years-old ② ability, gift, talent, aptitude, genius

⑤ 子供【こども】 • child, children

⑤ 吹く【ふく】 • ① to blow (wind, etc.), to play a wind instrument ② to emit, to spout ③ to whistle

⑤ 掃除【そうじ】 • cleaning, sweeping

⑤ 痛い【いたい】 • ① painful, sore ② exceeding

⑤ 彼ら【かれら】 • they (usually male), them

⑤ 鉛筆【えんぴつ】 • pencil

⑤ する • ① to do ② to cause to become, to make (into), to turn (into) ③ to serve as, to act as, to work as ④ to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.) ⑤ to judge as being, to view as being, to think of as, to treat as, to use as ⑥ to decide on, to choose ⑦ to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) ⑧ to be (in a state, condition, etc.) ⑨ to be worth, to cost ⑩ to pass (of time), to elapse ⑪ verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs") ⑫ creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go") ⑬ to be just about to, to be just starting to, to try to, to attempt to

⑤ なる • ① to become, to get, to grow, to be, to reach, to attain ② to result in, to prove to be ③ to consist of, to be composed of ④ to succeed, to be complete ⑤ to change into, to be exchanged for ⑥ to play a role ⑦ to be promoted (shogi)

④ ベル • ① bell ② bel, B

④ 意見【いけん】 • opinion, view

④ 運転【うんてん】 • operation, motion, driving

④ 運動【うんどう】 • motion, exercise

④ 火【ひ】 • fire, flame, blaze

④ 気【き】 • ① spirit, mind, heart ② nature, disposition ③ motivation, intention ④ mood, feelings ⑤ atmosphere, essence

④ 気分【きぶん】 • feeling, mood

④ 合う【あう】 • ① to come together, to merge, to unite, to meet ② to fit, to match, to suit, to agree with, to be correct ③ to be profitable, to be equitable ④ (after the -masu stem of a verb) to do ... to each other, to do ... together

④ 試験【しけん】 • examination, test, study, trial, experiment

④ 字【じ】 • ① character (i.e. kanji) ② hand-writing, penmanship ③ the ... word (i.e. "the L word" = "love")

④ 社会【しゃかい】 • society, public

④ 小説【しょうせつ】 • novel, (short) story

④ 世界【せかい】 • the world, society, the universe

④ 西洋【せいよう】 • the west, Western countries

④ 説明【せつめい】 • explanation, exposition

④ 安全【あんぜん】 • ① safety ② security

④ 科学【かがく】 • science

④ 血【ち】 • blood, consanguinity

④ 真面目【まじめ】 • diligent, serious, honest, sober, grave, earnest, steady

④ 進む【すすむ】 • ① to advance, to go forward ② to precede, to go ahead (of) ③ to make progress, to improve ④ to deepen, to heighten ⑤ to do of one's own free will

④ 人形【にんぎょう】 • doll, puppet, figure

④ 生活【せいかつ】 • living, life (one's daily existence), livelihood

④ 湯【ゆ】 • ① hot water ② hot bath, hot spring

④ 倍【ばい】 • ① twice, double ② times, -fold

④ 番組【ばんぐみ】 • program (e.g. TV), programme

④ 関係【かんけい】 • relation, connection

④ 機械【きかい】 • ① machine, mechanism ② instrument, appliance, apparatus

④ 久しぶり【ひさしぶり】 • a long time (since the last time), it's been a while (since I last saw, mailed, etc., you)

④ 競争【きょうそう】 • ① competition, contest ② to compete

④ 経験【けいけん】 • experience

④ 経済【けいざい】 • economics, business, finance, economy

④ 最後【さいご】 • ① last, end, conclusion ② (after -tara form or -ta form followed by "ga") no sooner than, right after (often having negative consequences)

④ 事故【じこ】 • ① accident, incident, trouble ② circumstances, reasons

④ 失敗【しっぱい】 • failure, mistake, blunder

④ 習慣【しゅうかん】 • custom, habit, manners

④ 承知【しょうち】 • ① acknowledgment, acknowledgement, awareness ② consent, acceptance, assent, admitting, compliance, agreement

④ 紹介【しょうかい】 • introduction, referral

④ 席【せき】 • ① seat ② location (of a gathering, etc.), place ③ position, post

④ お嬢さん【おじょうさん】 • ① daughter ② young lady

④ 為【ため】 • ① good, advantage, benefit, welfare ② sake, purpose, objective, aim ③ consequence, result, effect ④ affecting, regarding, concerning

④ 興味【きょうみ】 • interest (in something)

④ 邪魔【じゃま】 • hindrance, intrusion

④ 盛ん【さかん】 • ① popular ② prosperous ③ enthusiastic ④ energetic, vigorous

④ おもちゃ • toy

④ しまう • to finish, to close, to do something completely, to put away, to put an end to

③ 外出【がいしゅつ】 • outing, trip, going out

③ 金【きん】 • ① gold, golden (color), metaphor for (most) valuable, gold (medal, cup) ② money (written before an amount) ③ Friday ④ metal (fourth of the five elements) ⑤ Jin (dynasty of China; 1115-1234 CE) ⑥ gold general (shogi) ⑦ karat, carat

③ 左右【さゆう】 • ① left and right ② influence, control, domination

③ 上【じょう】 • ① from the standpoint of, as a matter of (e.g. fact), in the field of, being of the type of ② aboard (a ship or vehicle), on top of, on, above ③ first volume (e.g. book) ④ superior quality, best, top, high class ⑤ going up ⑥ governmental, imperial ⑦ presenting, showing

③ 人間【にんげん】 • ① human being, man, person ② character (of a person)

③ 生【なま】 • ① raw, uncooked, fresh ② natural, unedited, unprocessed, crude ③ live (i.e. not recorded) ④ inexperienced, unpolished, green ⑤ impudence, sauciness ⑥ unpasteurized beer, draft beer, draught beer ⑦ partially, somewhat, half-, semi-

③ 生じる【しょうじる】 • ① to produce, to yield ② to result from, to arise, to be generated

③ 大半【たいはん】 • majority, mostly, generally

③ 以前【いぜん】 • ago, since, before, previous

③ 以来【いらい】 • since, henceforth

③ 意外【いがい】 • unexpected, surprising

③ 意思【いし】 • intention, purpose

③ 一体【いったい】 • ① ...the heck (e.g. "what the heck?"), ...in the world (e.g. "why in the world?"), ...on earth (e.g. "who on earth?") ② one object, one body, unity ③ one form, one style ④ one Buddhist image (or carving, etc.) ⑤ generally, in general

③ 一方【いっぽう】 • ① one (esp. of two), the other, one way, the other way, one direction, the other direction, one side, the other side, one party, the other party ② on the one hand, on the other hand ③ whereas, although, but at the same time, meanwhile, in turn ④ (after noun, adjective-stem or plain verb) just keeps, being inclined to ..., tending to be ..., tending to do ..., continuously ..., just keeps on ...ing, only

③ 会計【かいけい】 • account, finance, accountant, treasurer, paymaster, reckoning, bill

③ 学者【がくしゃ】 • scholar

③ 起こる【おこる】 • to occur, to happen

③ 国家【こっか】 • state, country, nation

③ 作品【さくひん】 • work (e.g. book, film, composition, etc.), opus, performance, production

③ 使用【しよう】 • use, application, employment, utilization, utilisation

③ 思わず【おもわず】 • unintentionally, reflexively, spontaneously, involuntarily, instinctively

③ 自ら【みずから】 • for one's self, personally

③ 質【しつ】 • quality

③ 食品【しょくひん】 • commodity, foodstuff

③ 食料【しょくりょう】 • food

③ 図【ず】 • figure (e.g. Fig 1), drawing, picture, illustration

③ 代金【だいきん】 • price, payment, cost, charge, the money, the bill

③ 大家【おおや】 • landlord, landlady

③ 地【ち】 • ① earth, ground, land, soil ② place ③ territory ④ bottom (of a package, book, etc.) ⑤ earth (one of the five elements)

③ 地方【ちほう】 • ① area, locality, district, region, province ② countryside, rural area ③ coast (esp. as seen from the water) ④ person singing ballads in Noh, person in charge of music in a Japanese dance performance

③ 注文【ちゅうもん】 • order, request

③ 注目【ちゅうもく】 • notice, attention, observation

③ 動作【どうさ】 • action, movements, motions, bearing, behaviour, behavior, execution, actuation, operation, manners

③ 年代【ねんだい】 • age, era, period, date

③ 発行【はっこう】 • ① issue (publications), publishing ② raising an event (software)

③ 安定【あんてい】 • stability, equilibrium

③ 委員【いいん】 • committee member

③ 一流【いちりゅう】 • first-class, top grade, school (of art), foremost, top-notch, unique

③ 引退【いんたい】 • retire

③ 営業【えいぎょう】 • business, trade, sales, operations

③ 横断【おうだん】 • ① crossing ② transverse

③ 王様【おうさま】 • king

③ 加わる【くわわる】 • to join in, to accede to, to increase, to gain in (influence)

③ 外交【がいこう】 • diplomacy

③ 確実【かくじつ】 • certainty, reliability, soundness

③ 学期【がっき】 • school term, semester

③ 額【がく】 • ① picture (framed) ② amount or sum (of money)

③ 活気【かっき】 • energy, liveliness

③ 活動【かつどう】 • action, activity

③ 活用【かつよう】 • ① practical use, application ② conjugation, declension, inflection

③ 観光【かんこう】 • sightseeing

③ 期待【きたい】 • expectation, anticipation, hope

③ 記事【きじ】 • article, news story, report, account

③ 逆らう【さからう】 • to go against, to oppose, to disobey, to defy

③ 急速【きゅうそく】 • rapid (e.g. progress)

③ 求める【もとめる】 • to seek, to request, to demand, to want, to wish for, to search for, to pursue (pleasure), to hunt (a job), to buy

③ 欠ける【かける】 • ① to be chipped, to be damaged, to be broken ② to be lacking, to be missing ③ to be insufficient, to be short, to be deficient, to be negligent toward ④ (of the moon) to wane, to go into eclipse

③ 語る【かたる】 • to talk, to tell, to recite

③ 公平【こうへい】 • fairness, impartial, justice

③ 向ける【むける】 • to turn towards, to point

③ 幸い【さいわい】 • happiness, blessedness

③ 高速【こうそく】 • ① high speed, high gear ② highway, freeway, expressway, motorway

③ 才能【さいのう】 • talent, ability

③ 思想【しそう】 • thought, idea, ideology

③ 試す【ためす】 • to attempt, to test, to try out

③ 事実【じじつ】 • fact, truth, reality

③ 時期【じき】 • time, season, period

③ 自身【じしん】 • by oneself, personally

③ 自然【しぜん】 • ① nature, spontaneity ② naturally, spontaneously

③ 式【しき】 • ① equation, formula, expression ② ceremony ③ style

③ 実【み】 • ① fruit, nut ② seed ③ (in broth) pieces of meat, vegetable, etc. ④ content, substance

③ 実は【じつは】 • as a matter of fact, by the way, to tell you the truth, to be honest, frankly

③ 実行【じっこう】 • practice, practise, performance, execution (e.g. program) (programme), realization, realisation, implementation

③ 取り上げる【とりあげる】 • ① to take up, to pick up ② to accept, to adopt, to listen to ③ to disqualify, to confiscate, to deprive ④ to adopt (child)

③ 受け取る【うけとる】 • ① to receive, to get, to accept ② to take, to interpret, to understand

③ 終える【おえる】 • to finish

③ 出身【しゅっしん】 • ① person's origin (town, city, country, etc.) ② institution from which one graduated ③ director in charge of employee relations

③ 消費【しょうひ】 • consumption, expenditure

③ 章【しょう】 • ① chapter, section ② medal

③ 場面【ばめん】 • scene, setting (e.g. of novel)

③ 常に【つねに】 • always, constantly

③ 新た【あらた】 • ① new, fresh, novel ② newly, freshly, re-

③ 身【み】 • ① body ② oneself ③ one's place, one's position ④ main part, meat (as opposed to bone, skin, etc.), wood (as opposed to bark), blade (as opposed to its handle), container(as opposed to its lid)

③ 身分【みぶん】 • social position, social status

③ 進学【しんがく】 • entering a higher-level school, esp. going on to university

③ 人物【じんぶつ】 • character, personality, person, man, personage, talented man

③ 数える【かぞえる】 • to count, to enumerate

③ 生命【せいめい】 • life, existence

③ 組む【くむ】 • ① to cross (legs or arms), to link (arms) ② to put together, to construct, to assemble, to produce (e.g. TV program) ③ to braid, to plait ④ to grapple, to wrestle ⑤ to unite, to link up, to form an alliance ⑥ to set (e.g. type) ⑦ to issue (e.g. money order)

③ 相当【そうとう】 • ① befitting, becoming, worthy of, proportionate, in keeping with, suitable ② considerable, substantial ③ to be worthy of, to be proportionate to ④ to correspond to (in meaning, function, etc.), to be equivalent ⑤ extremely, considerably

③ 息【いき】 • ① breath, breathing ② tone, mood

③ 単語【たんご】 • word, vocabulary, (usually) single-character word

③ 地球【ちきゅう】 • the earth, the globe

③ 地面【じめん】 • ground, earth's surface

③ 長期【ちょうき】 • long time period

③ 追う【おう】 • ① to chase, to run after, to pursue ② to follow (i.e. a set order, a trend) ③ to drive out, to oust, to expel ④ to drive (i.e. a herd) ⑤ (in passive voice) to be pressed (for time, etc.)

③ 通す【とおす】 • to let pass, to overlook, to continue, to keep, to make way for, to persist in

③ 的【てき】 • -like, typical

③ 鉄道【てつどう】 • railroad

③ 伝わる【つたわる】 • to be handed down, to be introduced, to be transmitted, to be circulated, to go along, to walk along

③ 当時【とうじ】 • at that time, in those days

③ 同様【どうよう】 • identical, equal to, same (kind), like, similarity

③ 道路【どうろ】 • road, highway

③ 特定【とくてい】 • specific, special, particular

③ 皮肉【ひにく】 • cynicism, sarcasm, irony, satire

③ 費【ひ】 • cost, expense

③ 以降【いこう】 • on and after, as from, hereafter, thereafter, since

③ 依頼【いらい】 • ① request, commission, dispatch, despatch ② dependence, trust

③ 偉大【いだい】 • greatness

③ 移動【いどう】 • ① removal, migration, movement ② mobile (e.g. communications)

③ 医師【いし】 • doctor, physician

③ 永遠【えいえん】 • eternity, perpetuity, immortality, permanence

③ 鋭い【するどい】 • pointed, sharp

③ 演劇【えんげき】 • play (theatrical)

③ 可能【かのう】 • possible, practicable, feasible

③ 回復【かいふく】 • recovery (from illness), improvement, rehabilitation, restoration, convalescence

③ 巻く【まく】 • to wind, to coil, to roll

③ 汗【あせ】 • ① sweat, perspiration ② moisture, condensation

③ 管理【かんり】 • control, management (e.g. of a business)

③ 関連【かんれん】 • relation, connection, relevance

③ 疑問【ぎもん】 • question, problem, doubt, guess

③ 議論【ぎろん】 • argument, discussion, dispute, controversy

③ 詰める【つめる】 • ① to pack, to fill, to plug, to stop up ② to shorten (length or distance), to move over, to make room (for someone) ③ to work out (details)

③ 巨大【きょだい】 • huge, gigantic, enormous

③ 競技【きょうぎ】 • game, match, contest

③ 共通【きょうつう】 • ① commonness, community ② -wide

③ 強盗【ごうとう】 • ① robber, mugger ② robbery, burglary

③ 努める【つとめる】 • to endeavor (endeavour), to try, to strive, to make an effort, to exert oneself, to be diligent

③ 備える【そなえる】 • ① to furnish, to provide for, to equip, to install ② to have ready, to prepare for ③ to possess, to have, to be endowed with, to be armed with

③ 経営【けいえい】 • management, administration

③ 建設【けんせつ】 • construction, establishment

③ 賢い【かしこい】 • wise, clever, smart

③ 現象【げんしょう】 • phenomenon

③ 個人【こじん】 • individual, private person, personal, private

③ 交換【こうかん】 • exchange, interchange, switching, reciprocity, barter, substitution, replacement, clearing (of checks, cheques)

③ 光景【こうけい】 • scene, spectacle

③ 効果【こうか】 • effect, effectiveness, efficacy, result

③ 好む【このむ】 • to like, to prefer

③ 構成【こうせい】 • organization, organisation, configuration, composition

③ 刻む【きざむ】 • to mince, to carve, to engrave, to cut fine, to chop up, to hash, to chisel, to notch

③ 骨折【こっせつ】 • bone fracture

③ 困難【こんなん】 • difficulty, distress

③ 混乱【こんらん】 • disorder, chaos, confusion, mayhem

③ 差す【さす】 • ① to raise (e.g. hands, umbrella), to stretch out ② to be tinged ③ to wear at one's side (e.g. sword) ④ to shine ⑤ to provoke a feeling

③ 差別【さべつ】 • discrimination, distinction, differentiation

③ 再び【ふたたび】 • again, once more, a second time

③ 財産【ざいさん】 • property, fortune, assets

③ 作成【さくせい】 • framing, drawing up, making, producing, creating, creation, preparing, writing

③ 支える【ささえる】 • ① to support, to prop, to sustain, to underlay, to hold up ② to hold at bay, to stem, to check

③ 支出【ししゅつ】 • expenditure, expenses

③ 支配【しはい】 • rule, control, direction

③ 死亡【しぼう】 • death, mortality

③ 資料【しりょう】 • materials, data, document

③ 失う【うしなう】 • to lose, to part with

③ 失業【しつぎょう】 • unemployment

③ 手段【しゅだん】 • means, way, measure

③ 種類【しゅるい】 • ① variety, kind, type, category ② counter for different sorts of things

③ 周辺【しゅうへん】 • ① circumference, outskirts, environs, around, in the area of, in the vicinity of ② (computer) peripheral

③ 集団【しゅうだん】 • group, mass

③ 住民【じゅうみん】 • citizens, inhabitants, residents, population

③ 重要【じゅうよう】 • important, momentous, essential, principal, major

③ 出席【しゅっせき】 • ① attendance, presence, appearance ② to attend, to be present, to appear

③ 諸【しょ】 • various, many, several

③ 女優【じょゆう】 • actress

③ 照らす【てらす】 • to shine on, to illuminate

③ 象【ぞう】 • elephant

③ 賞【しょう】 • prize, award

③ 上達【じょうたつ】 • improvement, advance, progress

③ 情報【じょうほう】 • ① news, gossip, (military) intelligence ② information (data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.)

③ 状況【じょうきょう】 • state of affairs (around you), situation, circumstances

③ 職業【しょくぎょう】 • occupation, business

③ 信用【しんよう】 • confidence, dependence, credit, faith, reliance, belief, credence

③ 信頼【しんらい】 • reliance, trust, faith, confidence

③ 深刻【しんこく】 • serious

③ 神経【しんけい】 • nerve, sensitivity

③ 制度【せいど】 • system, institution, organization, organisation

③ 性【せい】 • ① nature (of a person) ② sex ③ gender ④ -ty (suffix indicating quality or condition), -ity, -ness

③ 成長【せいちょう】 • growth, grow to adulthood

③ 精神【せいしん】 • mind, soul, heart, spirit, intention

③ 責任【せきにん】 • ① duty, responsibility (incl. supervision of staff) ② liability, onus

③ 接する【せっする】 • ① to come in contact with, to touch, to connect (with) ② to attend (to) ③ to receive (visitors)

③ 占める【しめる】 • ① to comprise (some part of the whole), to account for, to make up (of) ② to hold, to occupy

③ 双子【ふたご】 • twins, a twin

③ 装置【そうち】 • equipment, installation, apparatus, device

③ 増加【ぞうか】 • increase, increment, addition

③ 存在【そんざい】 • existence, being

③ 単純【たんじゅん】 • simplicity

③ 団体【だんたい】 • organization, organisation, association

③ 知識【ちしき】 • knowledge, information

③ 地域【ちいき】 • area, region

③ 仲直り【なかなおり】 • reconciliation, make peace with

③ 著者【ちょしゃ】 • author (usu. of a particular book, etc.), writer

③ 調査【ちょうさ】 • investigation, examination, inquiry, enquiry, survey

③ 頂上【ちょうじょう】 • top, summit, peak

③ 通り過ぎる【とおりすぎる】 • to pass, to pass through

③ 程度【ていど】 • degree, amount, grade, standard, of the order of (following a number)

③ 適切【てきせつ】 • pertinent, appropriate, adequate, relevance

③ 適度【てきど】 • moderate

③ 得意【とくい】 • ① triumph, prosperity ② pride ③ one's strong point, one's forte, one's specialty ④ frequent customer (client, etc.)

③ 毒【どく】 • poison, toxicant

③ 突然【とつぜん】 • abrupt, sudden, unexpected, all at once

③ 届く【とどく】 • ① to reach, to arrive, to get through, to get at ② to be attentive, to pay attention ③ to be delivered, to carry (e.g. sound)

③ 日付【ひづけ】 • date, dating

③ 任せる【まかせる】 • ① to entrust (e.g. a task) to another, to leave to ② to passively leave to someone else's facilities ③ to leave to take its natural course ④ to continue (something) in a natural fashion (without particular aim) ⑤ to rely fully on one's (full strength, great ability, long time taken) to get something done

③ 悩む【なやむ】 • to be worried, to be troubled

③ 爆発【ばくはつ】 • explosion, detonation, eruption

③ 発達【はったつ】 • development, growth

③ 抜く【ぬく】 • ① to extract, to omit, to surpass, to overtake, to draw out, to unplug ② to do something to the end

③ 判断【はんだん】 • judgement, judgment, decision, adjudication, conclusion, decipherment, divination

③ 販売【はんばい】 • sales, selling, marketing

③ 被害【ひがい】 • damage

③ 扱う【あつかう】 • to handle, to deal with, to treat

③ 慰める【なぐさめる】 • to comfort, to console, to amuse

③ 異なる【ことなる】 • to differ, to vary, to disagree

③ 維持【いじ】 • maintenance, preservation, improvement

③ 一瞬【いっしゅん】 • moment, instant

③ 一致【いっち】 • ① coincidence, agreement, union, match ② conformity, consistency ③ cooperation

③ 隠す【かくす】 • to hide, to conceal

③ 援助【えんじょ】 • assistance, aid, support

③ 猿【さる】 • ① monkey (esp. the Japanese macaque, Macaca fuscata) ② sly person ③ sliding wooden bolt (for holding a door or window shut) ④ clasp used to control the height of a pot-hook

③ 遠慮【えんりょ】 • diffidence, restraint, reserve, discretion, tact, thoughtfulness

③ 応じる【おうじる】 • to respond, to satisfy, to accept, to comply with, to apply for

③ 温暖【おんだん】 • warmth

③ 価値【かち】 • value, worth, merit

③ 稼ぐ【かせぐ】 • to earn income, to labor, to labour

③ 我慢【がまん】 • patience, endurance, perseverance, tolerance, self-control, self-denial

③ 解釈【かいしゃく】 • explanation, interpretation

③ 改善【かいぜん】 • ① betterment, improvement ② kaizen (Japanese business philosophy of continuous improvement)

③ 覚悟【かくご】 • resolution, resignation, readiness, preparedness

③ 歓迎【かんげい】 • welcome, reception

③ 環境【かんきょう】 • environment, circumstance

③ 監督【かんとく】 • ① supervision, control, superintendence, direction ② director, superintendent, supervisor, coach, foreman, manager, overseer, controller, boss

③ 企業【きぎょう】 • enterprise, undertaking, corporation, business

③ 器用【きよう】 • skillful, handy

③ 基礎【きそ】 • foundation, basis

③ 基本【きほん】 • foundation, basis, standard

③ 既に【すでに】 • already, too late

③ 機嫌【きげん】 • humour, humor, temper, mood

③ 貴重【きちょう】 • precious, valuable

③ 休暇【きゅうか】 • holiday, day off, furlough, absence (from work)

③ 急激【きゅうげき】 • sudden, precipitous, radical

③ 響く【ひびく】 • ① to resound, to be heard far away ② to reverberate, to shake, to vibrate ③ to come (home), to remain (with someone) ④ to have an affect, to make an impression

③ 筋肉【きんにく】 • muscle, sinew

③ 金銭【きんせん】 • money, cash

③ 金属【きんぞく】 • metal

③ 契約【けいやく】 • contract, compact, agreement

③ 結ぶ【むすぶ】 • ① to tie, to bind, to link ② to bear (fruit)

③ 件【けん】 • matter, case, item

③ 懸命【けんめい】 • eagerness, earnestness, risking one's life

③ 検討【けんとう】 • consideration, examination, investigation, study, scrutiny, discussion

③ 原稿【げんこう】 • manuscript, copy

③ 誇り【ほこり】 • pride, boast

③ 行儀【ぎょうぎ】 • manners, behavior, behaviour

③ 貢献【こうけん】 • contribution, services

③ 姿【すがた】 • figure, shape, appearance

③ 死【し】 • death, decease

③ 次第【しだい】 • ① dependent upon ② as soon as, immediately (upon) ③ circumstances ④ order, precedence, program, programme, agenda

③ 自慢【じまん】 • pride, boast

③ 実施【じっし】 • enforcement, implementation, putting into practice (practise), carrying out, operation, working (e.g. working parameters), enactment

③ 主義【しゅぎ】 • doctrine, rule, principle

③ 主張【しゅちょう】 • claim, request, insistence, assertion, advocacy, emphasis, contention, opinion, tenet

③ 種【しゅ】 • ① kind, variety ② (biological) species ③ (logical) species

③ 需要【じゅよう】 • demand, request

③ 宗教【しゅうきょう】 • religion

③ 修理【しゅうり】 • repairing, mending, servicing

③ 従う【したがう】 • to abide (by the rules), to obey, to follow, to accompany

③ 重視【じゅうし】 • importance, stress, serious consideration

③ 証明【しょうめい】 • proof, verification

③ 障害【しょうがい】 • ① obstacle, impediment, hindrance, difficulty, barrier ② handicap, impairment, disability, disorder, malfunction

③ 条件【じょうけん】 • condition, conditions, term, terms, requirement, requirements

③ 状態【じょうたい】 • current status, condition, situation, circumstances, state

③ 睡眠【すいみん】 • sleep

③ 請求【せいきゅう】 • claim, demand, charge, application, request, billing (for a service)

③ 節約【せつやく】 • economising, saving

③ 説得【せっとく】 • persuasion

③ 組織【そしき】 • ① organization, organisation ② structure, construction ③ tissue ④ system

③ 訴える【うったえる】 • ① to sue (a person), to take someone to court ② to resort to (e.g. arms, violence) ③ to appeal to, to call for ④ to raise, to bring to (someone's attention) ⑤ to complain

③ 相撲【すもう】 • ① sumo wrestling ② sumo wrestler, rikishi

③ 第【だい】 • ordinal

③ 知恵【ちえ】 • ① wisdom, wit, sagacity, sense, intelligence ② prajna (insight leading to enlightenment)

③ 通訳【つうやく】 • interpretation (i.e. oral translation)

③ 提出【ていしゅつ】 • ① to present, to submit (e.g. a report or a thesis), to hand in, to file, to turn in ② presentation, submission, filing

③ 伝統【でんとう】 • tradition, convention

③ 当然【とうぜん】 • natural, as a matter of course

③ 独立【どくりつ】 • independence (e.g. Independence Day), self-support

③ 納得【なっとく】 • consent, assent, understanding, agreement, comprehension, grasp

③ 拍手【はくしゅ】 • clapping hands, applause

③ 縛る【しばる】 • to tie, to bind

③ 反抗【はんこう】 • opposition, resistance, insubordination, defiance, hostility, rebellion

③ 範囲【はんい】 • extent, scope, sphere, range, span

③ 秘密【ひみつ】 • secret, secrecy

③ ご覧【ごらん】 • ① (after the -te form of a verb) (please) try to ② (please) look ③ seeing, looking, watching

③ かく • ① to scratch ② to perspire ③ to shovel, to paddle

③ 謎【なぞ】 • ① riddle, puzzle, enigma, mystery ② enigmatic, mysterious

③ 鍋【なべ】 • saucepan, pot

③ 莫大【ばくだい】 • enormous, vast

② 下水【げすい】 • ① drainage, ditch, gutter, sewerage ② sewage, black water

② 何しろ【なにしろ】 • at any rate, anyhow, anyway, in any case

② 月日【つきひ】 • time, years, days

② 見出し【みだし】 • heading, caption, subtitle, index

② 生年月日【せいねんがっぴ】 • birth date

② 中年【ちゅうねん】 • middle-age, middle age, midlife, one's middle years

② 入社【にゅうしゃ】 • entry to a company

② 以後【いご】 • ① after this, from now on, hereafter ② thereafter, since (verb) (after -te form of verb), after (time), since (then)

② 行事【ぎょうじ】 • event, function

② 国立【こくりつ】 • national

② 私立【しりつ】 • private (establishment)

② 集まる【あつまる】 • to gather, to collect, to assemble

② 出場【しゅつじょう】 • (stage) appearance, participation, performance

② 切れ【きれ】 • ① piece, slice, strip, scrap ② cloth ③ sharpness ④ counter for scraps, pieces, etc.

② 題名【だいめい】 • title

② 知人【ちじん】 • friend, acquaintance

② 同時【どうじ】 • simultaneous(ly), concurrent, same time, synchronous, together

② 年度【ねんど】 • year, fiscal year, school year, term

② 売買【ばいばい】 • trade, buying and selling

② 発売【はつばい】 • sale, offering for sale, release (for sale), launch (product)

② 飯【めし】 • ① meals, food ② cooked rice ③ one's livelihood

② 安易【あんい】 • ① easy, simple ② easy-going

② 一定【いってい】 • fixed, settled, constant, definite, uniform, regularized, regularised, defined, standardized, standardised, certain, prescribed

② 引き返す【ひきかえす】 • to repeat, to send back, to bring back, to retrace one's steps

② ひっくり返る【ひっくりかえる】 • to be overturned, to be upset, to topple over, to be reversed

② 回答【かいとう】 • reply, answer

② 外部【がいぶ】 • ① the outside ② external

② 角度【かくど】 • angle

② 活力【かつりょく】 • vitality, energy

② 感想【かんそう】 • impressions, thoughts

② 期【き】 • ① period, time ② (geological) age

② 気配【けはい】 • ① indication, sign, hint, presence, trend ② quotation (esp. stock market)

② 空想【くうそう】 • daydream, fantasy, fancy, vision

② 見直す【みなおす】 • to look again, to get a better opinion of

② 見当【けんとう】 • aim, mark, estimate, guess, approximation, direction

② 原理【げんり】 • principle, theory, fundamental truth

② 光線【こうせん】 • beam, light ray

② 行列【ぎょうれつ】 • ① line, procession ② matrix

② 国語【こくご】 • ① Japanese (language) ② national language ③ native Japanese words (as opposed to loanwords)

② 参考【さんこう】 • reference, consultation

② 四季【しき】 • four seasons

② 指定【してい】 • designation, specification, assignment, appointment, pointing at

② 商社【しょうしゃ】 • trading company, firm

② 図表【ずひょう】 • chart, diagram, graph, figure

② 水準【すいじゅん】 • ① level, standard ② water level

② 退院【たいいん】 • leaving hospital, discharge from hospital

② 直前【ちょくぜん】 • just before

② 通勤【つうきん】 • commuting to work

② 的確【てきかく】 • precise, accurate

② 伝記【でんき】 • biography, life story

② 田植え【たうえ】 • rice planting

② 電球【でんきゅう】 • light bulb

② 登場【とうじょう】 • ① entry (on stage), appearance (on screen) ② entrance, introduction (into a market)

② 都【みやこ】 • capital, metropolis

② 都心【としん】 • city centre (center) (esp. capital city), urban centre, heart of city a metropolis

② 当番【とうばん】 • being on duty

② 童話【どうわ】 • fairy-tale

② 日常【にちじょう】 • ordinary, regular, everyday, usual

② 発想【はっそう】 • expression (e.g. in music), idea, conception

② 移す【うつす】 • ① to change, to swap, to substitute, to transfer ② to change the object of one's interest or focus ③ to spend or take time ④ to infect ⑤ to permeate something with the smell or colour of something ⑥ to move on to the next or different stage of (a plan, etc.)

② 移転【いてん】 • moving, transfer, demise

② 医療【いりょう】 • medical care, medical treatment

② 育児【いくじ】 • childcare, nursing, upbringing

② 延長【えんちょう】 • ① extension, elongation, prolongation, lengthening ② Enchou era (923.4.11-931.4.26)

② 解説【かいせつ】 • explanation, commentary, exposition, elucidation

② 改める【あらためる】 • ① to change, to alter, to revise, to replace ② to reform, to correct, to mend, to improve ③ to examine, to check, to inspect ④ to do properly, to do formally

② 灰【はい】 • ash, ashes

② 各地【かくち】 • every place, various places

② 甘やかす【あまやかす】 • to pamper, to spoil

② 観測【かんそく】 • observation

② 含める【ふくめる】 • to include, to instruct, to make one understand, to put in one's mouth

② 危うい【あやうい】 • ① dangerous, risky, hazardous, perilous, precarious ② in danger, in jeopardy, critical, grave, at risk ③ uncertain, unreliable, insecure, unsteady, doubtful ④ close (i.e. a close call), narrow

② 寄せる【よせる】 • ① to come near, to let someone approach ② to collect, to gather, to receive ③ to add ④ to put aside

② 機関【きかん】 • ① engine ② agency, organisation, organization, institution, organ ③ system, facility, facilities

② 呼びかける【よびかける】 • to call out to, to accost, to address (crowd), to appeal

② 工夫【くふう】 • ① scheme, device, scheming, devising, figuring out, coming up with, solving ingeniously ② dedication to spiritual improvement (esp. through Zen meditation)

② 国籍【こくせき】 • nationality

② 再【さい】 • re-, again, repeated

② 作法【さほう】 • manners, etiquette, propriety

② 散らかす【ちらかす】 • to scatter around, to leave untidy

② 散る【ちる】 • ① to fall (e.g. blossoms, leaves) ② to scatter, to be dispersed ③ to disappear, to dissolve, to break up ④ to spread, to run, to blur ⑤ to die a noble death

② 思い込む【おもいこむ】 • to be under impression that, to be convinced that, to imagine that, to set one's heart on, to be bent on

② 児童【じどう】 • children, juvenile

② 車輪【しゃりん】 • (car) wheel

② 食塩【しょくえん】 • table salt

② 吹雪【ふぶき】 • snow storm, blizzard

② 清掃【せいそう】 • cleaning

② 掃く【はく】 • to sweep, to brush, to gather up

② 増減【ぞうげん】 • increase and decrease, fluctuation

② 体制【たいせい】 • order, system, structure, set-up, organization, organisation

② 担ぐ【かつぐ】 • ① to shoulder, to carry on one's shoulder ② to take (someone) for a ride, to deceive, to take in

② 着替える【きがえる】 • to change one's clothes

② 通信【つうしん】 • correspondence, communication, transmission, news, signal

② 突く【つく】 • ① to prick, to stab ② to poke, to prod, to push, to thrust, to nudge, to hit, to strike ③ to use (a cane), to prop oneself up with, to press against (the floor, etc.) ④ to attack ⑤ to brave (the rain, etc.)

② 日程【にってい】 • schedule, program, programme, agenda

② 意義【いぎ】 • meaning, significance

② 応援【おうえん】 • aid, assistance, help, reinforcement, rooting, barracking, support, cheering

② 応対【おうたい】 • receiving, dealing with

② 恩恵【おんけい】 • grace, favor, favour, blessing, benefit

② 花嫁【はなよめ】 • bride

② 過剰【かじょう】 • excess, over-

② 隔てる【へだてる】 • to be shut out, to separate, to isolate

② 楽器【がっき】 • musical instrument

② 活躍【かつやく】 • ① activity (esp. energetic), great efforts, conspicuous service ② to flourish, to participate actively, to play an active role

② 勘違い【かんちがい】 • misunderstanding, wrong guess

② 感激【かんげき】 • deep emotion, impression, inspiration

② 看板【かんばん】 • sign, signboard, doorplate, poster, billboard, appearance, figurehead, policy, attraction, closing time

② 鑑賞【かんしょう】 • appreciation (e.g. of art), aesthetic sense

② 興奮【こうふん】 • excitement, stimulation, agitation, arousal

② 仰ぐ【あおぐ】 • ① to look up (at) ② to look up (to), to respect, to revere ③ to ask for, to seek ④ to turn to someone, to depend on ⑤ to drink, to take

② 古典【こてん】 • old book, classics, classic

② 後悔【こうかい】 • regret, repentance

② 後輩【こうはい】 • junior (at work or school)

② ご無沙汰【ごぶさた】 • not writing or contacting for a while, neglecting (failing) to write (call, visit, etc.), long silence

② 功績【こうせき】 • achievements, merit, meritorious service, meritorious deed

② 項目【こうもく】 • (data) item, entry

② 削る【けずる】 • ① to shave (wood or leather), to sharpen, to plane, to whittle, to pare, to scrape off ② to cross out, to reduce, to curtail, to remove, to erase, to delete

② 姿勢【しせい】 • attitude, posture

② 市場【しじょう】 • (the) market (as a concept)

② 氏名【しめい】 • full name, identity

② 執筆【しっぴつ】 • writing (e.g. as a profession)

② 取り戻す【とりもどす】 • to take back, to regain, to get back, to recover

② 受け入れる【うけいれる】 • to accept, to receive

② 寿命【じゅみょう】 • life span

② 熟語【じゅくご】 • ① kanji compound ② idiom, idiomatic phrase

② 初旬【しょじゅん】 • first 10 days of the month

② 鐘【かね】 • bell (often a large hanging bell), chime

② 上旬【じょうじゅん】 • first 10 days of month

② 随筆【ずいひつ】 • essays, miscellaneous writings, literary jottings

② 杉【すぎ】 • Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica

② 整備【せいび】 • maintenance, servicing, outfitting

② 製作【せいさく】 • manufacture, production

② 宣伝【せんでん】 • propaganda, publicity, advertisement, advertising

② 素人【しろうと】 • amateur, novice

② 素直【すなお】 • ① obedient, meek, docile, unaffected ② honest, frank

② 創作【そうさく】 • production, literary creation, work

② あう • ① to meet, to encounter ② to have an accident, to have a bad experience

② 太鼓【たいこ】 • drum

② 対策【たいさく】 • counter-plan, counter-measure

② 滝【たき】 • waterfall

② 調整【ちょうせい】 • regulation, coordination, adjustment, tuning, modification, alteration

② 跳ぶ【とぶ】 • ① to jump, to leap, to spring, to bound, to hop ② to fly, to soar

② 展開【てんかい】 • ① development ② expansion (opposite of compression)

② 特殊【とくしゅ】 • special, unique

② 能率【のうりつ】 • ① efficiency ② moment (i.e. magnetic moment)

② 俳句【はいく】 • haiku poetry (17-syllable poem usually in 3 lines of 5, 7 and 5 syllables)

② 非難【ひなん】 • blame, attack, criticism

② 謙遜【けんそん】 • humble, humility, modesty

② 錆びる【さびる】 • to rust, to become rusty

② 揃う【そろう】 • ① to become complete, to be all present, to be a full set, to have everything at one's disposal ② to be equal, to be uniform ③ to gather, to assemble

① 見方【みかた】 • viewpoint

① 引き取る【ひきとる】 • to take charge of, to take over, to retire to a private place

① 権【けん】 • authority, right (to do something)

① 雇用【こよう】 • employment (long term), hire

① 初【はつ】 • first, new

① 忠実【ちゅうじつ】 • ① faithful, loyal, devoted ② hardworking, painstaking, diligent ③ healthy, fit

① 依然【いぜん】 • still, as yet, as it has been

① 意図【いと】 • intention, aim, design

① 衣装【いしょう】 • clothing, costume, outfit, garment, dress

① 一見【いっけん】 • ① look, glimpse, glance ② to glance, to glimpse ③ apparently, seemingly

① 運賃【うんちん】 • freight rates, shipping expenses, fare

① 映像【えいぞう】 • reflection, image, picture (e.g. on a television), shot, clip

① 縁【えん】 • ① fate, destiny (esp. as a mysterious force that binds two people together) ② relationship (e.g. between two people), bond, link, connection ③ family ties, affinity ④ opportunity, chance (to meet someone and start a relationship) ⑤ pratyaya (indirect conditions, as opposed to direct causes) ⑥ narrow open-air veranda

① 加入【かにゅう】 • becoming a member, joining, entry, admission, subscription, affiliation, adherence, signing

① 火星【かせい】 • Mars (planet)

① 課題【かだい】 • subject, theme, task, challenge, issue, matter

① 介護【かいご】 • nursing

① 回収【かいしゅう】 • collection, recovery, withdrawal, retrieval

① 開催【かいさい】 • holding a meeting, open an exhibition

① 開拓【かいたく】 • ① reclamation (of wasteland), cultivation ② pioneering, pathfinding, trail-blazing

① 開発【かいはつ】 • development, exploitation

① 核【かく】 • ① pit (of a fruit), stone ② core ③ nucleus, nuclear ④ nuclear weaponry

① 慣習【かんしゅう】 • usual (historical) custom

① 観【かん】 • ① look, appearance ② spectacle, sight ③ observation meditation ④ outlook on ..., view of ...

① 還暦【かんれき】 • 60th birthday

① 岩石【がんせき】 • rock

① 企画【きかく】 • planning, project, plan, design

① 危機【きき】 • crisis

① 喜劇【きげき】 • comedy, funny show

① 記す【しるす】 • ① to write down, to note ② to remember

① 記述【きじゅつ】 • description, descriptor

① 技【わざ】 • technique, art

① 犠牲【ぎせい】 • victim, sacrifice, scapegoat

① 議題【ぎだい】 • topic of discussion, agenda

① 客観【きゃっかん】 • object (as opposed to subject)

① 脚本【きゃくほん】 • script, screenplay, scenario

① 及ぶ【およぶ】 • ① to reach, to amount to, to befall, to happen to, to extend ② to be up to the task, to come up to ③ to compare with, to be a match (for) ④ to commit (a crime) ⑤ to require (to do) (usu. used in the negative)

① 給食【きゅうしょく】 • school lunch, providing a meal

① 拒否【きょひ】 • denial, veto, rejection, refusal

① 共感【きょうかん】 • sympathy, empathy, response

① 協会【きょうかい】 • association, society, organization, organisation

① 業績【ぎょうせき】 • achievement, performance, results, work, contribution

① 緊急【きんきゅう】 • urgent, pressing, emergency

① 吟味【ぎんみ】 • testing, scrutiny, careful investigation

① 愚痴【ぐち】 • ① idle complaint, grumble ② moha (ignorance, folly)

① 形態【けいたい】 • form, shape, figure

① 掲載【けいさい】 • ① publication (e.g. article in paper), appearance, insertion ② to insert (e.g. an article), to run (e.g. in a newspaper)

① 敬具【けいぐ】 • Sincerely yours

① 経る【へる】 • to pass, to elapse, to experience

① 経過【けいか】 • passage, expiration, progress, transition

① 経費【けいひ】 • expenses, cost, outlay

① 欠く【かく】 • to lack, to break, to crack, to chip

① 決勝【けっしょう】 • decision of a contest, finals (in sports)

① 決断【けつだん】 • decision, determination

① 懸賞【けんしょう】 • offering prizes, winning, reward

① 基【もと】 • base, foundation

① 原作【げんさく】 • original work

① 減少【げんしょう】 • decrease, reduction, decline

① 現地【げんち】 • actual place, local

① 個別【こべつ】 • particular case, discrete, individual, separate

① 古代【こだい】 • ancient times

① 故【こ】 • the late (deceased)

① 悟る【さとる】 • ① to understand, to comprehend, to realize, to perceive, to sense, to discern ② to attain enlightenment

① 誤る【あやまる】 • ① to make a mistake, to err ② to mislead, to misguide

① 交渉【こうしょう】 • ① negotiations, discussions ② connection

① 向上【こうじょう】 • elevation, rise, improvement, advancement, progress

① 好意【こうい】 • good will, favor, favour, courtesy

① 広まる【ひろまる】 • to spread, to be propagated

① 行為【こうい】 • act, deed, conduct

① 購入【こうにゅう】 • purchase, buy

① 鉱山【こうざん】 • mine (ore)

① 国連【こくれん】 • UN, United Nations

① 根拠【こんきょ】 • basis, foundation

① 詐欺【さぎ】 • fraud, swindle, graft

① 再会【さいかい】 • another meeting, meeting again, reunion

① 財政【ざいせい】 • financial affairs, public finance

① 作【さく】 • a work, a harvest

① 雑談【ざつだん】 • chatting, idle talk

① 仕上げる【しあげる】 • to finish up, to complete

① 仕立てる【したてる】 • to tailor, to make, to prepare, to train, to send (a messenger)

① 使命【しめい】 • mission, errand, message

① 思考【しこう】 • thought, consideration, thinking

① 指摘【してき】 • pointing out, identification

① 施設【しせつ】 • ① institution, establishment, facility ② (army) engineer

① 資金【しきん】 • funds, capital

① 飼育【しいく】 • breeding, raising, rearing

① 事項【じこう】 • matter, item, facts

① 自己【じこ】 • self, oneself

① 実【じつ】 • ① truth, reality ② sincerity, honesty, fidelity ③ content, substance ④ (good) result

① 実家【じっか】 • (one's parents') home

① 実態【じったい】 • true state, actual condition, reality

① 社交【しゃこう】 • social life, social intercourse

① 主催【しゅさい】 • organization, organisation, sponsorship

① 主食【しゅしょく】 • staple food

① 主人公【しゅじんこう】 • ① protagonist, main character, hero(ine) (of a story) ② head of household

① 取り組む【とりくむ】 • to tackle, to wrestle with, to engage in a bout, to come to grips with, to make effort, to strive for, to deal with

① 手軽【てがる】 • easy, simple, informal, offhand, cheap

① 手元【てもと】 • ① (money) on hand or at home, one's purse (handbag) ② usual skill

① 手順【てじゅん】 • process, procedure, sequence, protocol, instruction

① 手法【しゅほう】 • technique

① 趣旨【しゅし】 • ① object, intent, aim ② meaning, point (e.g. of a statement)

① 受け継ぐ【うけつぐ】 • to inherit, to succeed, to take over

① 受け止める【うけとめる】 • to catch, to stop the blow, to react to, to take

① 襲う【おそう】 • ① to attack, to assail, to make an assault, to strike, to hunt down ② to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.) ③ to make a sudden visit

① 充実【じゅうじつ】 • ① fullness, completion, perfection, substantiality, enrichment ② replenishment, repletion

① 出くわす【でくわす】 • to happen to meet, to come across

① 出産【しゅっさん】 • (child)birth, delivery, production (of goods)

① 唱える【となえる】 • ① to recite, to chant ② to call upon

① 承諾【しょうだく】 • consent, acquiescence, agreement

① 昇進【しょうしん】 • promotion

① 詳細【しょうさい】 • detail, particulars

① 上昇【じょうしょう】 • rising, ascending, climbing

① 上陸【じょうりく】 • landing, disembarkation

① 情け【なさけ】 • ① pity, sympathy, compassion ② affection

① 織物【おりもの】 • textile, fabric

① 心情【しんじょう】 • sentiment, emotions, one's feelings, one's heart

① 心得【こころえ】 • knowledge, information

① 振り返る【ふりかえる】 • to turn head, to look over one's shoulder, to turn around, to look back

① 新婚【しんこん】 • newly-wed

① 新人【しんじん】 • ① new face, newcomer ② modern humans (from Cro-Magnon man onwards)

① 新入生【しんにゅうせい】 • freshman, first-year student

① 深める【ふかめる】 • to deepen, to heighten, to intensify

① 神秘【しんぴ】 • mystery

① 身近【みぢか】 • near oneself, close to one, familiar

① 進行【しんこう】 • advance, progress

① 人材【じんざい】 • man of talent, capable person, talented person

① 刃【は】 • edge (of a knife or sword)

① 推測【すいそく】 • guess, conjecture

① 世帯【せたい】 • household, home, family, housekeeping

① 政権【せいけん】 • (political) administration, political power

① 整列【せいれつ】 • standing in a row, forming a line, alignment

① 生き甲斐【いきがい】 • something one lives for, purpose in life, raison d'etre

① 生涯【しょうがい】 • one's lifetime (i.e. one's existence until death), one's career

① 生身【なまみ】 • ① living flesh, flesh and blood ② physical body of Buddha or a bodhisattva

① 赤字【あかじ】 • ① deficit, (being in or going into) the red ② red text, red letters

① 選挙【せんきょ】 • election

① 素材【そざい】 • raw materials, subject matter

① 創造【そうぞう】 • creation

① 促す【うながす】 • to urge, to press, to prompt, to suggest, to demand, to stimulate, to quicken, to incite, to invite (attention to)

① 体験【たいけん】 • personal experience

① 待ち遠しい【まちどおしい】 • looking forward to, anxiously awaited

① 待ち望む【まちのぞむ】 • to look anxiously for, to wait eagerly for

① 達成【たっせい】 • achievement

① 地元【じもと】 • ① home area, home town ② local

① 恥【はじ】 • shame, embarrassment

① 築く【きずく】 • to build, to pile up, to amass

① 中断【ちゅうだん】 • interruption, suspension, break

① 著しい【いちじるしい】 • remarkable, considerable

① 著書【ちょしょ】 • literary work, book

① 挑戦【ちょうせん】 • challenge, defiance

① 調理【ちょうり】 • cooking, food preparation

① 定義【ていぎ】 • definition

① 定年【ていねん】 • retirement age

① 提供【ていきょう】 • offer, tender, program sponsoring, programme sponsoring, furnishing, provisioning, supply

① 展示【てんじ】 • exhibition, display

① 転じる【てんじる】 • to turn, to shift, to alter, to distract

① 転換【てんかん】 • convert, divert

① 伝説【でんせつ】 • tradition, legend, folklore

① 登校【とうこう】 • attendance (at school), going to school

① 土俵【どひょう】 • ① arena, esp. in sumo ② forum (e.g. for discussion) ③ sandbag, gabion

① 同士【どうし】 • fellow, mutual, companion, comrade, bonding

① 導入【どうにゅう】 • introduction, bringing in, leading in, installation

① 得点【とくてん】 • score, points made, marks obtained, runs

① 特産【とくさん】 • specialty, special product

① 独自【どくじ】 • original, peculiar, characteristic, proprietary

① 独占【どくせん】 • ① monopoly ② to monopolize, to hog

① 独創【どくそう】 • originality

① 内部【ないぶ】 • interior, inside, internal

① 入手【にゅうしゅ】 • obtaining, coming to hand

① 熱意【ねつい】 • zeal, enthusiasm

① 年輪【ねんりん】 • annual tree ring

① 把握【はあく】 • grasp, catch, understanding

① 破壊【はかい】 • ① destruction, disruption ② (application) crash

① 拝啓【はいけい】 • Dear (so and so)

① 排水【はいすい】 • drainage

① 背景【はいけい】 • background, scenery, setting, circumstance

① 発言【はつげん】 • utterance, speech, proposal

① 反応【はんのう】 • reaction, response

① 比率【ひりつ】 • ratio, proportion, percentage

① 避難【ひなん】 • taking refuge, finding shelter, evacuation, escape

① 慣用【かんよう】 • common, customary

① 戸惑う【とまどう】 • to be bewildered, to be perplexed

① まとめ • settlement, conclusion, summary

① 日頃【ひごろ】 • normally, habitually

ぶら下がる【ぶらさがる】 • to hang from, to dangle, to swing

アドレス • ① address ② email address

インスタント • instant

エネルギー • energy

キャンプ • camp

コレステロール • cholesterol

ゴルフ • golf

サイト • ① site (usu. website) ② sight ③ payable on sight

ボランティア • volunteer

ラッシュ • ① rush ② rush hour ③ rush print ④ lighter aboard ship, LASH

リズム • rhythm

外食【がいしょく】 • eating out

今時【いまどき】 • present day, today, recently, these days, nowadays, at this hour

書き入れる【かきいれる】 • to write in

生み出す【うみだす】 • ① to create, to bring forth, to produce ② to invent, to think up and bring into being ③ to give birth to, to bear

生前【せいぜん】 • while alive, during one's lifetime

長時間【ちょうじかん】 • long period of time, long playing

長年【ながねん】 • long time, many years

年金【ねんきん】 • annuity, pension

白書【はくしょ】 • white paper

半生【はんせい】 • half a lifetime

一新【いっしん】 • complete change, reform, restoration, remodeling, remodelling, renewal

右手【みぎて】 • right hand

何者【なにもの】 • who, what kind of person

業界【ぎょうかい】 • industry, business

近年【きんねん】 • recent years

公言【こうげん】 • declaration, profession

左手【ひだりて】 • left hand

作り上げる【つくりあげる】 • to make up, to fabricate, to build up, to complete, to construct

三文【さんもん】 • cheapness, farthing

思い切る【おもいきる】 • ① to give up all thoughts of, to abandon, to despair of ② to make up one's mind, to take a momentous decision

試作【しさく】 • trial manufacture, experiment, test piece, prototype

持ち出す【もちだす】 • ① to take out, to carry out, to bring out from where it belongs ② to mention something, to broach a topic, to bring up (a subject), to raise (an issue), to mention

持ち歩く【もちあるく】 • to carry

自家【じか】 • own, personal, autologous

自作【じさく】 • one's own work

自体【じたい】 • itself

社員【しゃいん】 • ① company employee ② company stockholders (esp. in legal contexts), members of a corporation

社名【しゃめい】 • name of company

住人【じゅうにん】 • dweller, inhabitant, resident

上場【じょうじょう】 • listing a stock

新作【しんさく】 • new work, new production

新入【しんにゅう】 • newly arrived, joined, newly-entered

真【しん】 • ① truth, reality, genuineness ② seriousness ③ logical TRUE ④ printed style writing ⑤ star performer

親子【おやこ】 • parent and child

水族館【すいぞくかん】 • aquarium

生死【しょうし】 • ① life and death ② samsara (cycle of death and rebirth) ③ death

切り上げる【きりあげる】 • ① to close, to finish ② to round up (a number) ③ to revalue (a currency)

前年度【ぜんねんど】 • preceding fiscal year

早起き【はやおき】 • early rising

体【たい】 • ① body, physique, posture ② shape, form, style ③ substance, identity, reality ④ field ⑤ counter for humanoid forms (e.g. dolls, statues, corpses, etc.)

着用【ちゃくよう】 • have on, wearing

天文【てんもん】 • astronomy

同社【どうしゃ】 • the same firm

入会【にゅうかい】 • admission, joining, enrollment, enrolment

入力【にゅうりょく】 • input, (data) entry

八方【はっぽう】 • all sides

遠ざける【とおざける】 • to keep away, to keep at a distance

横目【よこめ】 • sidelong glance

王国【おうこく】 • kingdom, monarchy

下校【げこう】 • coming home from school, end of school day

学費【がくひ】 • tuition, school expenses

季語【きご】 • seasonal word (in haiku)

玉ねぎ【たまねぎ】 • onion (edible plant, Allium cepa)

金星【きんせい】 • Venus (planet)

具体【ぐたい】 • concrete, tangible, material

決めつける【きめつける】 • ① to fix upon (one-sidedly), to (ignore somebody's position and) arbitrarily decide something is the case ② to scold, to take (a person) to task

見当たる【みあたる】 • to be found

言い表す【いいあらわす】 • ① to express (in words) ② to confess

言い返す【いいかえす】 • to repeat, to talk back, to answer back

後ろ向き【うしろむき】 • back facing, turning one's back to, pessimistic

子育て【こそだて】 • raising children

主流【しゅりゅう】 • main current (stream), mainline, mainstream

取り残す【とりのこす】 • to leave behind

手放す【てばなす】 • to release, to relinquish, to sell, to part with, to send away

出し合う【だしあう】 • to contribute jointly

出回る【でまわる】 • to appear on the market, to be moving

準決勝【じゅんけっしょう】 • semifinal (in sports)

所長【しょちょう】 • chief, head

書き留める【かきとめる】 • to write down, to leave a note behind, to record, to chronicle

書面【しょめん】 • document, letter

登り【のぼり】 • ① ascent, climbing, ascending (path), climb ② up-train (e.g. going to Tokyo) ③ northward (towards Tokyo)

上半身【じょうはんしん】 • upper half of body, bust

上流【じょうりゅう】 • upper stream, upper classes

常時【じょうじ】 • usually, ordinarily

新【しん】 • ① new, neo- ② Gregorian calendar ③ Xin (dynasty of China)

新旧【しんきゅう】 • new and old, incoming and outgoing

新型【しんがた】 • new style, new model

ひな祭り【ひなまつり】 • Girls' Festival (March 3rd), Dolls' Festival

昔話【むかしばなし】 • folklore, legend, reminiscence

先入観【せんにゅうかん】 • preconception, prejudice, preoccupation, preconceived notion

前向き【まえむき】 • facing forward, front-facing, forward-looking, positive, proactive

前線【ぜんせん】 • front line, (weather) front

全文【ぜんぶん】 • whole passage, full text, whole sentence, full paragraph

走り回る【はしりまわる】 • to run around

大型【おおがた】 • large, large scale, big, jumbo

大量【たいりょう】 • large quantity

断食【だんじき】 • fasting

定か【さだか】 • definite, sure

電化【でんか】 • electrification

当たり【あたり】 • hit, success, reaching the mark, per ..., vicinity, neighborhood, neighbourhood

当の【とうの】 • the ... in question

動き回る【うごきまわる】 • to move around

入園【にゅうえん】 • enrollment in kindergarten, enrolment in kindergarten

入門【にゅうもん】 • primer, manual, entering an institute, introduction to

犯行【はんこう】 • crime, criminal act, offence, offense

愛犬【あいけん】 • pet dog

愛好【あいこう】 • love, adoration

解消【かいしょう】 • cancellation, liquidation, resolution, reduction (e.g. of stress)

解読【かいどく】 • deciphering, decoding

皆様【みなさま】 • everyone

各国【かっこく】 • ① each nation ② many nations, many countries

学位【がくい】 • (university) degree

甘党【あまとう】 • (someone with a) sweet tooth, person fond of sweets, person who doesn't like alcohol, preferring sweets

急増【きゅうぞう】 • explosion, proliferation, surge

競る【せる】 • to compete, to bid, to sell at auction

共【ども】 • ① first-person plural (or singular) ② second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)

共生【きょうせい】 • symbiosis, paragenesis, union

共有【きょうゆう】 • share, joint ownership, co-ownership

極上【ごくじょう】 • first-rate, finest quality, the best

銀河【ぎんが】 • ① Milky Way ② galaxy

空き缶【あきかん】 • empty can

警察官【けいさつかん】 • policemen, policeman, police officer

月刊【げっかん】 • monthly publication, monthly issue

月極め【つきぎめ】 • monthly (e.g. fee paid monthly for a parking lot), monthly contract

原材料【げんざいりょう】 • raw materials

現時点【げんじてん】 • present point (i.e. in history), at the present time

御中【おんちゅう】 • and Company, Messrs, for the attention of ...

光栄【こうえい】 • honour, honor, glory, privilege

口座【こうざ】 • account (e.g. bank)

更新【こうしん】 • renewal, update, innovation, renovation

高齢【こうれい】 • advanced (old) age

左折【させつ】 • turning to the left, left turn

最新【さいしん】 • latest, newest, late-breaking (news)

在住【ざいじゅう】 • resident

在日【ざいにち】 • ① in Japan ② people in Japan (esp. Koreans living in Japan, often used as a slur)

財政難【ざいせいなん】 • economic difficulties

雑然【ざつぜん】 • disorderliness, confusion, jumble, mess

散布【さんぷ】 • dissemination, scattering, sprinkling, spraying

支社【ししゃ】 • branch office

誌【し】 • magazine

自信【じしん】 • self-confidence

取り違える【とりちがえる】 • to take by mistake

受講【じゅこう】 • taking (attending) lectures

受賞【じゅしょう】 • winning (a prize)

授かる【さずかる】 • ① to be awarded (e.g. a prize), to be given an award, to receive (e.g. a title) ② to be gifted or endowed (e.g. with a talent) ③ to be blessed (e.g. with a child) ④ to be initiated (e.g. into a secret)

週刊【しゅうかん】 • published weekly

集約【しゅうやく】 • ① intensive ② collect(ed), summarize(d), summarise(d)

初演【しょえん】 • first performance

初回【しょかい】 • ① first time, first innings, initial attempt ② first, initial

初心者【しょしんしゃ】 • beginner

初対面【しょたいめん】 • first meeting, first interview with

乗り越える【のりこえる】 • to climb over, to ride across, to surmount

状【じょう】 • ① shape, state ② letter, correspondence

信念【しんねん】 • belief, faith, conviction

辛党【からとう】 • drinker, person fond of alcohol (as opposed to sweets)

人権【じんけん】 • human rights, civil liberties

生まれ変わる【うまれかわる】 • to be born again, to make a fresh start in life

積み重ねる【つみかさねる】 • to pile up, to accumulate

積極【せっきょく】 • positive, progressive

接種【せっしゅ】 • inoculation, vaccination

占い【うらない】 • fortune-telling, divination

しみ込む【しみこむ】 • to soak into, to permeate

層【そう】 • ① layer, seam, bed, stream, class ② sheaf ③ storey (of a building), story, floor

送信【そうしん】 • transmission, sending

担任【たんにん】 • ① in charge (of something) ② homeroom teacher

探査【たんさ】 • probe, inquiry, enquiry, investigation

築き上げる【きずきあげる】 • to build up, to establish (one's reputation)

中略【ちゅうりゃく】 • omission, ellipsis

追い払う【おいはらう】 • to drive away

痛む【いたむ】 • to hurt, to feel a pain, to be injured

転職【てんしょく】 • change of occupation

都道府県【とどうふけん】 • administrative divisions of Japan: Tokyo-to, Hokkai-do, Osaka-fu, Kyoto-fu and remaining prefectures

得【とく】 • ① profit, advantage, benefit, gain ② rebirth in paradise, entering nirvana

特効薬【とっこうやく】 • specific medicine, wonder drug, silver bullet

突っ走る【つっぱしる】 • to run swiftly

難民【なんみん】 • refugees

乳幼児【にゅうようじ】 • infants, babies

入り込む【はいりこむ】 • ① to go into, to come into, to penetrate, to get in, to step in (a house) ② to become complicated

年末【ねんまつ】 • end-of-year

燃え移る【もえうつる】 • (of fire) to spread, to extend itself

薄汚い【うすぎたない】 • filthy, dirty (looking), drab

判明【はんめい】 • establishing, proving, identifying, confirming

晩婚【ばんこん】 • late marriage

握り【にぎり】 • grip, handle

遺憾【いかん】 • regrettable, unsatisfactory

遺言【ゆいごん】 • will, testament, last request

遺骨【いこつ】 • remains, ashes of deceased

遺産【いさん】 • inheritance, bequest, legacy, heritage

遺書【いしょ】 • will, testament, testamentary letter

遺族【いぞく】 • bereaved family

因縁【いんねん】 • ① hetu and prataya (direct causes and indirect conditions, which underlie the actions of all things) ② fate, destiny ③ connection, origin ④ pretext

引き継ぐ【ひきつぐ】 • to take over, to hand over

宇宙船【うちゅうせん】 • space ship

栄誉【えいよ】 • honour, honor

英訳【えいやく】 • English translation

往生【おうじょう】 • ① death, passing to the next life, dying a happy death ② giving up a struggle, submission ③ at wit's end, flummoxed

回避【かいひ】 • evasion, avoidance

概要【がいよう】 • outline, summary, abridgment, synopsis

割り振る【わりふる】 • to assign, to allot, to divide among, to distribute, to prorate, to assess, to apportion, to allocate

滑らす【すべらす】 • to let something slip, to slide, to glide

株式会社【かぶしきがいしゃ】 • public company, corporation, KK, formula for an incorporated public company

堪能【たんのう】 • ① proficient, skillful ② satisfaction ③ fortitude

歓談【かんだん】 • pleasant talk, chat

寄り添う【よりそう】 • to get close, to cuddle close together, to nestle close to, to snuggle up to

旧暦【きゅうれき】 • Japan's old (lunisolar) calendar

興味深い【きょうみぶかい】 • very interesting, of great interest

穴埋め【あなうめ】 • filling in gaps, filling in blanks (in a form, etc.)

結びつく【むすびつく】 • to be connected or related, to join together

結末【けつまつ】 • end, conclusion

幻覚【げんかく】 • hallucination, illusion

古臭い【ふるくさい】 • stale, old fashioned, hackneyed, trite

呼称【こしょう】 • ① naming, giving a name, designation, denomination ② nominal

呉服【ごふく】 • draperies, dry-goods, piece goods

後ろ姿【うしろすがた】 • retreating figure, appearance from behind

鯉【こい】 • common carp, koi carp (Cyprinus carpio)

光り輝く【ひかりかがやく】 • to shine, to glitter

口癖【くちぐせ】 • way of saying, favorite phrase, favourite phrase

ひまわり • sunflower (Helianthus annuus)

災い【わざわい】 • calamity, catastrophe

遺る【のこる】 • to remain, to be left

師匠【ししょう】 • ① master, teacher ② sumo coach who owns his stable

視線【しせん】 • one's eyes, glance, look

試行錯誤【しこうさくご】 • trial and error

狩猟【しゅりょう】 • hunting

就労【しゅうろう】 • actual work

修復【しゅうふく】 • repair, mending

旬【しゅん】 • season (e.g. fruit, fish)

松【まつ】 • ① pine tree ② highest (of a three-tier ranking system)

浄水【じょうすい】 • clean water

振り込む【ふりこむ】 • to make a payment via bank deposit transfer

推移【すいい】 • transition, change

推察【すいさつ】 • guess, conjecture, surmise

奏でる【かなでる】 • to play an instrument (esp. string instruments)

奏者【そうしゃ】 • instrumentalist, player

惣菜【そうざい】 • side dish, daily (household) dish

即興【そっきょう】 • improvisation, improvization, impromptu, off the cuff, without a score

即席【そくせき】 • instant

怠け者【なまけもの】 • lazy person, lazy fellow, slothful person

知ったか振り【しったかぶり】 • pretending to know

帳【ちょう】 • book, register

直訳【ちょくやく】 • literal translation, direct translation

漬物【つけもの】 • tsukemono (Japanese pickled vegetables)

提言【ていげん】 • proposal, motion

提唱【ていしょう】 • advocacy, proposal

徹底的【てっていてき】 • thorough, complete

添付【てんぷ】 • attachment (e.g. email), appendix (e.g. of a report, document, etc), annex, appendage, annexure

電卓【でんたく】 • calculator (electronic)

唐突【とうとつ】 • abrupt, sudden

豆腐【とうふ】 • tofu, bean-curd

匿名【とくめい】 • anonymity, pseudonym

独学【どくがく】 • self-education, self-instruction, self-study

忍ぶ【しのぶ】 • ① to conceal oneself, to hide ② to endure

粘り強い【ねばりづよい】 • tenacious, persevering, persistent, stubborn, steadfast

納豆【なっとう】 • natto (fermented soybeans)

廃材【はいざい】 • scrap wood

背丈【せたけ】 • stature, height

伐採【ばっさい】 • lumbering, felling, deforestation

帆【ほ】 • sail

披露【ひろう】 • announcement, show, display, introduction

疲弊【ひへい】 • exhaustion, impoverishment, ruin

桶【おけ】 • bucket

咳き払い【せきばらい】 • clearing one's throat, cough

金儲け【かねもうけ】 • money-making

惚れ込む【ほれこむ】 • to be charmed by

錆び付く【さびつく】 • to rust together

斬新【ざんしん】 • novel, original, newness

捻挫【ねんざ】 • sprain

うるさい • ① noisy, loud ② fussy ③ annoying, troublesome, tiresome, importunate ④ bossy